Chapter 3: Stages of Skill Acquisition
Questions & Answers
Mountain of Motor Development - ANSWER-Reflexive Period
-Preadapted Period
-Fundamental Motor Programs
-Context-Specific Motor Skills
Reflexive Period (Birth-2 Weeks) - ANSWERAsymmetrical tonic neck reflex, doll-eye
reflex, palmar grasping reflex, moro reflex, sucking reflex, babinski reflex, rooting reflex,
plantar grasping reflex, swimming reflex
Preadapted Period (2 weeks-1 year) - ANSWERRolling over, sitting up alone, pulls to
stand, standing, crawling
Fundamental Motor Behavior (1 year-7 years) - ANSWERThrowing, catching, hopping,
and jumping
Context-Specific Motor Skills (7 years to 11 years) - ANSWERPrevious skills are refined
and become specific for certain sports or other movement forms
Skillfulness (11+ years) - ANSWERThe individual must be skilled at the movement and
it is a long road to master it
Compensation Period - ANSWERIf an injury has occurred or an athlete must make
other adaptations due to declines resulting from aging
Fitt's Stages of Learning - ANSWERRegardless of age or skill, all learners go through
each of these stages when advancing from novice to expert level
Stages of Fitt's Stages of Learning - ANSWER1. Cognitive Stage
2. Associative Stage
3. Autonomous Stage
Cognitive Stage of Fitt's - ANSWERDevelopment of basic movement patterns
Associative Stage of Fitt's - ANSWERRefinement of movement pattern
Autonomous Stage of Fitt's - ANSWERPerformance of movement virtually automatic
Bernstein's Learning Stages - ANSWERIdentifies the challege of organizing a complex
structure of joints and muscles to produce smooth goal-oriented movement as the
degrees of freedom problem
Questions & Answers
Mountain of Motor Development - ANSWER-Reflexive Period
-Preadapted Period
-Fundamental Motor Programs
-Context-Specific Motor Skills
Reflexive Period (Birth-2 Weeks) - ANSWERAsymmetrical tonic neck reflex, doll-eye
reflex, palmar grasping reflex, moro reflex, sucking reflex, babinski reflex, rooting reflex,
plantar grasping reflex, swimming reflex
Preadapted Period (2 weeks-1 year) - ANSWERRolling over, sitting up alone, pulls to
stand, standing, crawling
Fundamental Motor Behavior (1 year-7 years) - ANSWERThrowing, catching, hopping,
and jumping
Context-Specific Motor Skills (7 years to 11 years) - ANSWERPrevious skills are refined
and become specific for certain sports or other movement forms
Skillfulness (11+ years) - ANSWERThe individual must be skilled at the movement and
it is a long road to master it
Compensation Period - ANSWERIf an injury has occurred or an athlete must make
other adaptations due to declines resulting from aging
Fitt's Stages of Learning - ANSWERRegardless of age or skill, all learners go through
each of these stages when advancing from novice to expert level
Stages of Fitt's Stages of Learning - ANSWER1. Cognitive Stage
2. Associative Stage
3. Autonomous Stage
Cognitive Stage of Fitt's - ANSWERDevelopment of basic movement patterns
Associative Stage of Fitt's - ANSWERRefinement of movement pattern
Autonomous Stage of Fitt's - ANSWERPerformance of movement virtually automatic
Bernstein's Learning Stages - ANSWERIdentifies the challege of organizing a complex
structure of joints and muscles to produce smooth goal-oriented movement as the
degrees of freedom problem
