CMSP Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers Complete

A nurse in a clinic receives a telephone call from a client who has tuberculosis and was prescribed rifampin 3 days ago. The client reports, "My saliva and tears are red. What should I do?" Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate? This is an expected adverse effect of the medication A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for dantrolene. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the instructions? I know that I'll have to get the blood tests to make sure my liver is okay. A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and is receiving lithium carbonate. The nurse should plan to monitor which of the following laboratory values? BUN A nurse is caring for a client who is immunosuppressed. The nurse should identify which of the following immunizations is contraindicated for this client? Varicella A nurse is assisting with the care of a group of clients. For which of the following client situations should the nurse complete an incident report? A client receiving packed RBCs through an 18-gauge IV catheter A nurse in a long-term care facility is collecting data from a client who has new prescription for glyburide. The client reports feeling anxious and having profuse sweating. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Decreased blood glucose level A nurse is collecting data from a client who has schizophrenia and takes chlorpromazine. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication. Tardive dyskinesia (adverse reaction) A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of an anaphylactic reaction to oxacillin. The provider prescribes amoxicillin (clavulanic acid) for the client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Request a prescription for a different antibiotic A nurse is caring for a client who is requesting assistance with smoking cessation. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer. Bupropion (Bupropion hydrochloride) A nurse is preparing to administer medications to an infant. Which of the following identifiers should the nurse use in identifying the infant? (select all that apply ) Medical identification number-Admitting the diagnosis of the infant-Guardian or parent-Date of birth A nurse is planning care for a client who has angina and a new prescription for nitroglycerin ointment. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Cover the administration area with plastic wrap A nurse is collecting follow-up data from a client who has taken simvastatin for 3 months. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report Muscle pain A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative. For which of the following findings should the nurse administer ondansetron? Clients report nausea A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for lisinopril 20 mg daily. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? Blood pressure 118/60 mmHg A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the Ipledge program with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following is a requirement of the program? Seuxally active female client must use two forms of birth control during treatment A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a history of alcohol use disorder. Which of the following findings indicate the client is experiencing alcohol withdrawal? Tremor A nurse is checking the forearm of a client who received a tuberculin skin test 48 hr ago. Which of the following findings at the injection site should indicate to the nurse a positive result. Ulceration excoriation, bleeding, firmness Excoriation A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for penicillin G. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse plan to monitor Urticaria A nurse in a provider's office is collecting data from a client who continues to have migraine headache after taking sumatriptan orally 2 hr ago. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report? Tingling sensation A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed RBCs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Obtain 0.9 % sodium chloride solution for IV infusion A nurse is administering the first dose of ramipril to a client who has hypotension. The client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded. Which of the following should the nurse administer? Naloxone A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who reports taking kava for the last 6 months. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect to monitor? Serum potassium A nurse in a mental health facility is collecting data from a client who is taking lithium. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of lithium toxicity? Slurred speech A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with insulin lispro and insulin glargine. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? Take insulin lispro right before a meal A charge nurse is evaluating a newly licensed nurse caring for a client who is using a PCA device. Which of the following actions by the nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse? The nurse administers PCA dose for the client A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for amoxicillin. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is having an allergic reaction to the medication Wheezing A charge nurse working in a long-term care facility is reinforcing teaching about incident reporting with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following situations requires the creation of an incident report? A nurse cannot administer a medication because the medication is not available A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking diazepam several times per day but recently ran out of medication. Which of the following findings should nurse recognize as a manifestation of withdrawal from diazepam? Tremors A nurse in a provider's office is collecting data from a client who has salicylism after taking an excessive amount of aspirin. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? Tinnitus A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for enalapril. The nurse should determine that the teaching was effective when the client states she will report which of the following adverse effects to the provider? Blurred Vision A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin to a client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse to withhold the medication? Heart rate 52/min A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving gemfibrozil. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse plan to monitor? Liver Enzymes A nurse is collecting the data from a client who has been taking carbamazepine. Which of the following is an adverse effect of carbamazepine and should be reported to the provider? Sore throat A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has been taking hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse evaluate? Serum electrolyte levels A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the administration trimethoprim. Which of the following should the nurse include? Do not eat for 1 hour after ingestion A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin PO to a client who has an infection. The nurse checks the client's medical record and notes that the client has a severe allergy to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Request a different medication from the provider A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? You will need to wait a couple of weeks to feel the therapeutic effect of the medication A nurse is collecting data from a client who has cancer and receiving morphine for pain control. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer to counteract an adverse effect of morphine? Docusate sodium A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older patients. Renal excretion time slows for medication A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic hypertension. The client's morning vital sign include BP 148 over 80 mm Hg, heart rate 54 a min, and respiratory rate 18 amin. which of the following medications should the nurse plan to withhold? Atenolol A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking omeprazole for GERD and thiazide diuretic for hypertension. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider? Magnesium 1.0 mEq/L A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has heart failure and prescription for a repeat dose of furosemide 40 mg orally. Which of the following actions is the nurses' priority? Record the client's urinary output A nurse is reinforcing a teaching with a parent of a child who is to receive the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The nurse should instruct the parent to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? Vomiting and rashes A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hour of taking levothyroxine? Oral antihistamines A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 650 mg rectally. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Have the client lie on his left side for 5 min after insertion A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understand the teaching "I will report a sore throat to my provider" A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication? Hgb A nurse in an urgent care clinic is collecting the data from a client who reports itching for the past 5 days. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe? Diphenhydramine A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for celecoxib to treat osteoarthritis. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for medication? Sulfonamide allergy A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority? Administer analgesics on a schedule A nurse administered ketorolac 30 mg IM to a client who is postoperative. Which of the following information should the nurse document? (Select all that apply) Site of injection-Medication expiration date-Time of administration-Dose of medication administered A client has a new prescription for spironolactone (Aldactone). Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse recognize as a reason to withhold the morning dose of the medication and notify the provider? a. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L b. Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L c. Serum creatinine 1.2 mEq/L d. Serum chloride 106 mEq/L b. Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed daily doses of both digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). The client's potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L. For which of the following medication interaction is the client at risk? a. Toxic levels of furosemide b. Toxic levels of digoxin c. Sub-therapeutic levels of furosemide d. Sub-therapeutic levels of digoxin b. Toxic levels of digoxin Propranolol (Inderal) is contraindicated for a client who has which of the following conditions? a. Asthma b. Diabetes c. Angina d. Dementia a. Asthma A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a prescription for verapamil (Calan). Which of the following statements by the clients indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I should increase the amount of fiber in my diet since the medication causes constipation." b. "I should eliminate grapefruit juice from my diet while taking verapamil." c. "I should decrease the amount of calcium in my diet while taking the medication." d. I should take the medication with food if it causes an upset stomach." c. "I should decrease the amount of calcium in my diet while taking the medication." A nurse is caring for a client with prescription for nifedipine (Procardia) to treat angina pectoris. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following findings? a. Weight loss b. Reflex tachycardia c. Grand mal seizures d. Urinary Retention b. Reflex tachycardia A nurse is caring for a client on a medical unit who takes regular doses of propranolol (Inderal) for hypertension. Before administering the client's morning dose of propranolol, which of the following should the nurse plan to monitor? (SATA) a. Urinary output b. Pulse rate c. Temperature d. Blood pressure e. Deep tendon reflexes b. Pulse rate d. Blood pressure 7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider? (SATA) a. Fatigue b. Constipation c. Anorexia d. Rash e. Diplopia a. Fatigue c. Anorexia e. Diplopia A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) for chronic stable angina. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following findings? a. Bradycardia b. Fever c. Hypertension d. Headache d. Headache A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who is to start a new prescription for warfarin (Coumadin). Which of the following over-the-counter medications should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? a. Ranitidine (Zantac) b. Docusate sodium (Colace) c. Acetaminophen d. Aspirin d. Aspirin A nurse is caring for a client who has angina pectoris and is prescribed a nitroglycerin patch (Nitro-Dur) once daily. Which of the following are true regarding the administration of transdermal nitroglycerin? (SATA) a. Apply the patch at the same time each morning b. Leave the patch in place for 24 hr before replacing. c. Put patch on a hairless area of skin. d. Rotate the sites of administration with each application. e. Cut patches in half to allow for smaller doses of prescribed medication. a. Apply the patch at the same time each morning c. Put patch on a hairless area of skin. e. Cut patches in half to allow for smaller doses of prescribed medication. After instilling an eye drop that has a systematic effect, the nurse should press on which of the following to prevent absorption into the circulation? a. The bony orbit b. The nasolacrimal duct c. The conjunctival sac d. The outer cantus of the eye b. The nasolacrimal duct A nurse is caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) during a screening examination. Which of the following data collection finding should the nurse expect? a. Sudden loss of central vision b. Intraocular pressure 19 mm Hg c. No reports of pain d. Intact peripheral vision c. No reports of pain A nurse is preparing to administer timolol (Timoptic) ophthalmic drops into the eye of a client who has glaucoma. For which of the following adverse effects should this client be monitored? a. Hypertension b. Bradycardia c. Seizures d. Jaundice b. Bradycardia A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for tizanidine (Zanaflex) for relief of muscle spasm following a back injury. Which of the following lab values should the nurse expect to monitor while the client is taking this medication? a. Serum creatinine b. Liver enzymes c. WBC count d. RBC count b. Liver enzymes A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client with asthma about how to use cromolyn (Intal). Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply) a. Take the medication 15 min before exercising. b. Follow a fixed-dosage schedule for long-term control of asthma. c. Expect to lose weight while taking the medication. d. Observe for adverse effects such as tremors, restlessness, and palpitations. e. Do not crush or chew tablets. a. Take the medication 15 min before exercising. b. Follow a fixed-dosage schedule for long-term control of asthma. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client with a prescription for a beclomethasone (QVAR) inhaler to be used for the long-term management of asthma. Which of the following dietary supplements should the client be sure to consume in sufficient amounts to prevent a deficiency while taking the QVAR inhaler? a. Iron and Protein b. Calcium and Vitamin D c. Vitamin B¹² and folic acid d. Vitamin E and K b. Calcium and Vitamin D A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed oral prednisone (Deltasone) for the treatment of chronic asthma. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following findings? a. Weight loss b. Infection c. Hypoglycemia d. Angina Pain b. Infection A nurse is caring for a client who states she has been taking phenylephrine (Neo- Synephrine) nasal drops for the past 10 days for her upper respiratory symptoms. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following findings? a. Sedation b. Nasal congestion c. Productive cough d. Constipation b. Nasal congestion A nurse is caring for a preschool-age child who may have taken an overdose of diphenhydramine (Benadryl). To identify antihistamine toxicity, the nurse should plan to monitor the child for which of the following? a. Hallucinations b. Bradycardia c. Pinpoint pupils d. Pallor a. Hallucinations A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has hypertension and is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) twice daily. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the client's teaching? a. "You should avoid foods high in potassium." b. "Take the second dose of the day by early afternoon." c. "Watch for ankle swelling that may appear late in the evening." d. "Limit your daily fluid intake to 1½ L." b. "Take the second dose of the day by early afternoon." A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who is prescribed lovastatin (Mevacor). Which of the following should be included in the teaching? a. Take the medication with the evening meal. b. Change position slowly when rising from a chair. c. Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables. d. Consume no more than 1L of fluid/day. a. Take the medication with the evening meal. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who is to begin taking a new prescription for niacin (Niacor). The nurse should instruct the client to expect which of the following? a. Facial flushing b. Frontal headache c. Blurred vision d. Dry mouth a. Facial flushing A nurse is caring for a client who takes a daily dose of warfarin (Coumadin). The client begins vomiting blood. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to give to reverse the effects of warfarin? a. Vitamin K b. Atropine sulfate c. Protamine sulfate d. Calcium gluconate a. Vitamin K A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking a daily dose of warfarin for the past two weeks following an acute myocardial infarction. The client's most recent INR is 1 to 2. If the client has been taking the warfarin as prescribed, the nurse should expect which of the following changes to the client's prescription? a. The warfarin will be continued at the same dose. b. The warfarin will be discontinued. c. The warfarin dosage will be increased. d. The warfarin dosage will be decreased. c. The warfarin dosage will be increased. When caring for a client taking aspirin to reduce the risk for a myocardial infarction, the nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply) a. Petechiae b. Hypertension c. Tinnitus d. Bruising e. Black stools a. Petechiae d. Bruising e. Black stools Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement when preparing to administer filgrastim (Neupogen) for the first time to a client who has undergone a bone marrow transplant? a. Administer intramuscularly in a large muscle mass to prevent injury. b. Give orally with a meal or snack to prevent severe gastrointestinal upset. c. Shake vial gently to mix well before withdrawing dose. d. Discard vial after removing one dose of the medication. d. Discard vial after removing one dose of the medication. A nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving epoetin alfa (Epogen) three times a week for several weeks. At a visit to the clinic, the client's Hgb has increased from 7 g/dL to 8.5 g/dL in the past week. Which of the following actions should the nurse expect to take regarding today's dose of epoetin alfa? a. To increase today's dose. b. To administer the ordered dose. c. To withhold today's dose. d. To discontinue the medication. c. To withhold today's dose. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving sargramostim (Leukine) following a bone marrow transplant. For which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor the client? a. Constipation b. Bone pain c. Insomnia d. Hair loss b. Bone pain A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has peptic ulcer disease on how to properly selfadminister ranitidine (Zantac). Which of the following client statements indicates effective teaching by the nurse? a. "I should call my doctor if my stools look black and sticky." b. "I will take ranitidine regularly until my burning symptoms disappear." c. "I need to take ranitidine on my empty stomach." d. "I can take ibuprofen if I have minor aches and pains." a. "I should call my doctor if my stools look black and sticky." A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease and has prescription for several different medications. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications is used as a mucosal protectant to promote healing of the ulcer? a. Bismuth (Pepto-Bismol) b. Sucralfate (Carafate) c. Ranitidine hydrochloride (Zantac) d. Metronidazole (Flagyl) b. Sucralfate (Carafate) A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who is beginning a prescription of conjugated estrogens (Premarin) for symptoms of menopause. For which of the following should the nurse plan to monitor the client? a. Lower leg pain and swelling b. Shortened stature c. Vulvar and vaginal atrophy d. Weight loss a. Lower leg pain and swelling A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who is about to begin a prescription for an oral contraceptive. The nurse should tell the client that the oral contraceptives work by doing which of the following? (SATA) a. Thickening the cervical mucus to slow sperm passage b. Inducing maturation of ovarian follicle c. Increasing development of the corpus luteum d. Altering the endometrial lining to prevent implantation e. Inhibiting ovulation a. Thickening the cervical mucus to slow sperm passage d. Altering the endometrial lining to prevent implantation e. Inhibiting ovulation A nurse is caring for a male client who has a new prescription for testosterone cypionate (DepoTestosterone) IM every 2 to 4 weeks for hypogonadism. The nurse should plan to monitor which of the following laboratory values? a. Serum creatinine b. Cholesterol levels c. BUN d. Serum potassium b. Cholesterol levels A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who takes sildenafil (Viagra) several times weekly and has a new prescription for oral erythromycin (E-Mycin) to treat a respiratory tract infection. The nurse should instruct the client about an increased risk for which of the following findings due to an interaction between the two medications? a. Priapism b. Urinary frequency c. Weight gain d. Insomnia a. Priapism A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a female client who has a new prescription for hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) for rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse evaluates that the client understand the teaching when she states, "While taking hydroxychloroquine I should a. go to the dentist more frequently b. call my doctor if I develop blurred vision." c. have a Pap test twice a year." d. let my doctor know if my urine becomes darker." b. call my doctor if I develop blurred vision." A client who has osteoporosis is started on alendronate (Fosamax). The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following? (SATA) A. Take the medication in the morning after arising and before eating. B. Chew tablets to increase bioavailability. C. Drink 8oz of water with each tablet D. Take the medication with an antacid if heartburn occurs E. Avoid lying down after taking the medication A. Take the medication in the morning after arising and before eating. C. Drink 8oz of water with each tablet E. Avoid lying down after taking the medication A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed calcitonin-salmon to treat osteoporosis. When evaluating the client's therapy, the nurse should recognize that which of the following serum calcium levels is within the expected range? a. 8.6 mg/dl b. 9.6 mg/dl c. 10.6 mg/dl d. 11.6 mg/dl b. 9.6 mg/dl A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is taking large doses of aspirin four times daily for severe rheumatoid arthritis pain. For which of the following should the nurse monitor the client? a. Hepatotoxicity b. Renal impairment c. Reye's syndrome d. Ischemic stoke b. Renal impairment A nurse is caring for a toddler who was just admitted for an acetaminophen overdose. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate being administered to this client? a. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) b. Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) c. Misoprostol (Cytotec) d. Naltrexone (Re Via) a. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)