2ND EDITION
COUNSELING RESEARCH
Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
CARL J. SHEPERIS J. SCOTT YOUNG M. HARRY DANIELS
, Second Edition
Counseling Research
Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
Carl J. Sheperis
Lamar University
J. Scott Young
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
M. Harry Daniels
University of Florida
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
,Vice President and Editorial Director: Jeffery W. Johnston
Vice President and Publisher: Kevin M. Davis
Editorial Assistant: Marisia Styles
Executive Field Marketing Manager: Krista Clark
Senior Product Marketing Manager: Christopher Barry
Project Manager: Pamela Bennett
Program Program Manager: Janelle Criner
Operations Specialist: Deidra Skahill
Text Designer: iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Cover Design Director: Diane Ernsberger
Cover Photo: Shutterstock / ©connel
Media Project Manager: Lauren Carlson
Full-Service Project Management: Jogender Taneja, iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Composition: iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Malloy
Cover Printer: Phoenix Color/Hagarstown
Text Font: Times LT Pro
Copyright © 2017, 2010 by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United
States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the
publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. For information regarding
permissions, request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights &
Permissions department, please visit www.pearsoned.com/permissions/
Acknowledgements of third party content appear on page within text, which constitute an extension of this
copyright page.
Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks that may appear in this work are the property of
their respective owners and any references to third-party trademarks, logos or other trade dress are for
demonstrative or descriptive purposes only. Such references are not intended to imply any sponsorship,
endorsement, authorization, or promotion of Pearson’s products by the owners of such marks, or any relationship
between the owner and Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates, authors, licensees or distributors.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data available upon request
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 10: 0-13-402509-1
ISBN 13: 978-0-13-402509-4
, To my sun, moon, and stars. Thank you for the light you shine
upon our lives.
Carl J. Sheperis
Dedicated to the memory of Dr. Nicholas A. Vacc, who inspired both excellence and
innovation in the practice of research.
J. Scott Young
To the students with curious minds who are interested in doing research and their
faculty mentors who encourage their pursuits.
M. Harry Daniels
COUNSELING RESEARCH
Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
CARL J. SHEPERIS J. SCOTT YOUNG M. HARRY DANIELS
, Second Edition
Counseling Research
Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
Carl J. Sheperis
Lamar University
J. Scott Young
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
M. Harry Daniels
University of Florida
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
,Vice President and Editorial Director: Jeffery W. Johnston
Vice President and Publisher: Kevin M. Davis
Editorial Assistant: Marisia Styles
Executive Field Marketing Manager: Krista Clark
Senior Product Marketing Manager: Christopher Barry
Project Manager: Pamela Bennett
Program Program Manager: Janelle Criner
Operations Specialist: Deidra Skahill
Text Designer: iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Cover Design Director: Diane Ernsberger
Cover Photo: Shutterstock / ©connel
Media Project Manager: Lauren Carlson
Full-Service Project Management: Jogender Taneja, iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Composition: iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd.
Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Malloy
Cover Printer: Phoenix Color/Hagarstown
Text Font: Times LT Pro
Copyright © 2017, 2010 by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United
States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the
publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. For information regarding
permissions, request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights &
Permissions department, please visit www.pearsoned.com/permissions/
Acknowledgements of third party content appear on page within text, which constitute an extension of this
copyright page.
Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks that may appear in this work are the property of
their respective owners and any references to third-party trademarks, logos or other trade dress are for
demonstrative or descriptive purposes only. Such references are not intended to imply any sponsorship,
endorsement, authorization, or promotion of Pearson’s products by the owners of such marks, or any relationship
between the owner and Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates, authors, licensees or distributors.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data available upon request
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 10: 0-13-402509-1
ISBN 13: 978-0-13-402509-4
, To my sun, moon, and stars. Thank you for the light you shine
upon our lives.
Carl J. Sheperis
Dedicated to the memory of Dr. Nicholas A. Vacc, who inspired both excellence and
innovation in the practice of research.
J. Scott Young
To the students with curious minds who are interested in doing research and their
faculty mentors who encourage their pursuits.
M. Harry Daniels