Exam 4 Nurse 660
1. The core symp- prefrontal cortex
toms of ADHD
are linked to
what area of the
brain?
2. Selective atten- dorsal ACC (anterior cingulate cortex)
tion is due to
what area of
the PFC malfunc-
tioning?
3. sustained atten- DLPFC
tion and problem
solving linked to
what area of the
brain?
4. hyperactivity is prefrontal motor cortex
linked to what
area of the
brain?
5. what test assess- N-back test
ing sustained at-
tention?
6. where is sus- CSTC loop in the DLPFC
tained attention
modulated in insufficient activation in the DLPFC can cause inattention
brain?
"sustaiNed attention- N back"
7. what test as- Stroop test
sesses selective
attention? "Selective, Stroop, Cingulate"
8. where in the the CSTC loop, Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
brain is selective
, Exam 4 Nurse 660
attention modu-
lated?
9. issues with sus- difficulty completing tasks
tained attention disorganization
are: trouble sustaining mental effort
10. issues with se- difficulty with detail
lective attention carless mistakes
are: not listening
losing things
being distracted
forgetting things
11. what part of the orbitofrontal cortex
brain modulates
impulsitivity?
12. what symptoms talking excessively
of impulsitivity blurting things out
are observed? not waiting ones turn
interrupting
13. what part of the prefrontal cortex
brain modulates
hyperactivity?
14. what are some orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-- impulsivity and hyperactivity
key observations
in the prefrontal DLPFC/DaCC-- sustained/selective attention issues
cortex as it re-
lates to ADHD?
15. how do NE too little NE and DA = fatigue
and DA amounts
manifest in re- too much = anxiety
lation to fa-
tigue/anxiety?
16.
, Exam 4 Nurse 660
what two re- alpha 2 a
ceptors in the D1
PRC are thought
to be involved
with ADHD treat-
ment?
17. how does ADHD NE levels low, signal reduced
affect NE and DA
levels? DA levels low, noise increased
results in: fidget and inattention
18. how should you increase NE
treat NE and DA
in adhd? Increase DA
19. what receptors alpha 2 a; even better effect when beta1 receptors also
does NE stimu- stimulated
late in the post-
synapse?
20. what effect does decreases the noise and prevents inappropriate connec-
DA have on re- tions from taking place through stimulating D1 receptors
ceptors and what
does this cause?
21. what effect does increases the incoming signal and allows for increase
NE have on re- connections between prefrontal networks through stimu-
ceptors and what lation of alpha 2A receptors
does this cause?
22. what effect do amplify tonic NE and DA signals
slow dose stimu-
lants have? block NET in PFC
block DAT in nucleus accumbens
23. why do slow they dont occupy DAT too quickly or extensively, which is
dose stimulants thought to reduce abuse potential
1. The core symp- prefrontal cortex
toms of ADHD
are linked to
what area of the
brain?
2. Selective atten- dorsal ACC (anterior cingulate cortex)
tion is due to
what area of
the PFC malfunc-
tioning?
3. sustained atten- DLPFC
tion and problem
solving linked to
what area of the
brain?
4. hyperactivity is prefrontal motor cortex
linked to what
area of the
brain?
5. what test assess- N-back test
ing sustained at-
tention?
6. where is sus- CSTC loop in the DLPFC
tained attention
modulated in insufficient activation in the DLPFC can cause inattention
brain?
"sustaiNed attention- N back"
7. what test as- Stroop test
sesses selective
attention? "Selective, Stroop, Cingulate"
8. where in the the CSTC loop, Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
brain is selective
, Exam 4 Nurse 660
attention modu-
lated?
9. issues with sus- difficulty completing tasks
tained attention disorganization
are: trouble sustaining mental effort
10. issues with se- difficulty with detail
lective attention carless mistakes
are: not listening
losing things
being distracted
forgetting things
11. what part of the orbitofrontal cortex
brain modulates
impulsitivity?
12. what symptoms talking excessively
of impulsitivity blurting things out
are observed? not waiting ones turn
interrupting
13. what part of the prefrontal cortex
brain modulates
hyperactivity?
14. what are some orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-- impulsivity and hyperactivity
key observations
in the prefrontal DLPFC/DaCC-- sustained/selective attention issues
cortex as it re-
lates to ADHD?
15. how do NE too little NE and DA = fatigue
and DA amounts
manifest in re- too much = anxiety
lation to fa-
tigue/anxiety?
16.
, Exam 4 Nurse 660
what two re- alpha 2 a
ceptors in the D1
PRC are thought
to be involved
with ADHD treat-
ment?
17. how does ADHD NE levels low, signal reduced
affect NE and DA
levels? DA levels low, noise increased
results in: fidget and inattention
18. how should you increase NE
treat NE and DA
in adhd? Increase DA
19. what receptors alpha 2 a; even better effect when beta1 receptors also
does NE stimu- stimulated
late in the post-
synapse?
20. what effect does decreases the noise and prevents inappropriate connec-
DA have on re- tions from taking place through stimulating D1 receptors
ceptors and what
does this cause?
21. what effect does increases the incoming signal and allows for increase
NE have on re- connections between prefrontal networks through stimu-
ceptors and what lation of alpha 2A receptors
does this cause?
22. what effect do amplify tonic NE and DA signals
slow dose stimu-
lants have? block NET in PFC
block DAT in nucleus accumbens
23. why do slow they dont occupy DAT too quickly or extensively, which is
dose stimulants thought to reduce abuse potential
