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What are the periodic properties?
Element (on periodic table)
Atomic number is the same as number of protons
Atomic mass is the same as Number of protons and neutrons
Different types of chemical bonding metallic, covalent, ionic
What is covalent bonding and how does it work? when atoms share one or more pairs of
electrons. They have similar electronegativities
What is ionic bonding? when atoms transfer electrons. Large difference in
electronegativity
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Examples of ionic bonds NaCl
Cs2O
MgO
NH4NO3
Examples of covalent bonds F2, O2, N2, H2, CL2, HCL, H2O
What is metallic bonding? the chemical bonding that results from the attraction between
metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons
What is hydrogen bonding? Hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force. it
only happens when hydrogen is covalently bonded to fluorine, nitrogen or oxygen because
they're very electronegative and can pull the bonding electrons away from the hydrogen.
Substances with hydrogen bonding have higher melting and boiling points because of the extra
energy needed to break the hydrogen bonds.
What is a dipole-dipole force? The attraction between the positive end of one polar
molecule and the negative end of another
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What is a london dispersion force? weak forces that result from temporary shifts in the
density of electrons in electron clouds
What is the lewis structure? diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule
and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Geometry of molecules The number of atomic orbitals used to create a set of hybrid
orbitals equals the number of orbitals generated by hybridization.
Lewis structure of Ozone bent
Lewis structure of CO2 linear
Lewis structure of H2O bent
Lewis structure of Methane tetrahedral structure