Nurb 3050 Acid base exam with complete
solutions 2024/2025
What are the major acids produced during metabolic functions? - ANSWER--
Volatile (carbonic acid and is eliminated as CO2) and Nonvolatile (sulfuric,
phosphoric, and other organic acids that release hydrogen)
What is normal pH? - ANSWER-7.35-7.45
Why does the human body tend to have a slightly acidic environment? -
ANSWER-It keeps the line between acidic and alkaline very close so that
infections can not thrive and so that body systems can function properly (if it
gets too far below 6.8 or too far above 7.8, blood cells start to die)
What are the major buffering agents in the body? - ANSWER--Carbonic acid-
Bicarbonate Buffer: operates in lung and kidney; lungs are second line because
they can expelled the amount of carbonic acid by blowing off carbon dioxide and
leaving water; kidneys are the third line because they can reabsorb bicarbonate
or regenerate bicarbonate from carbon dioxide and water
-Protein buffering: Intracellular buffering agent; hemoglobin binds to hydrogen
ion and carbon dioxide, becomes a weak acid; hemoglobin not saturated with
oxygen is a better buffer
-Renal buffering: Secretes hydrogen into urine and reabsorbs bicarbonate into
the plasma; HPO4 (Dibasic phosphate) and NH3 (ammonia) attach hydrogen ions
and can be secreted into the urine
What does pACO2 mean? - ANSWER-partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial
blood
solutions 2024/2025
What are the major acids produced during metabolic functions? - ANSWER--
Volatile (carbonic acid and is eliminated as CO2) and Nonvolatile (sulfuric,
phosphoric, and other organic acids that release hydrogen)
What is normal pH? - ANSWER-7.35-7.45
Why does the human body tend to have a slightly acidic environment? -
ANSWER-It keeps the line between acidic and alkaline very close so that
infections can not thrive and so that body systems can function properly (if it
gets too far below 6.8 or too far above 7.8, blood cells start to die)
What are the major buffering agents in the body? - ANSWER--Carbonic acid-
Bicarbonate Buffer: operates in lung and kidney; lungs are second line because
they can expelled the amount of carbonic acid by blowing off carbon dioxide and
leaving water; kidneys are the third line because they can reabsorb bicarbonate
or regenerate bicarbonate from carbon dioxide and water
-Protein buffering: Intracellular buffering agent; hemoglobin binds to hydrogen
ion and carbon dioxide, becomes a weak acid; hemoglobin not saturated with
oxygen is a better buffer
-Renal buffering: Secretes hydrogen into urine and reabsorbs bicarbonate into
the plasma; HPO4 (Dibasic phosphate) and NH3 (ammonia) attach hydrogen ions
and can be secreted into the urine
What does pACO2 mean? - ANSWER-partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial
blood
