,Test Bank For Logic: The Essentials
Chapter_1_Test_A
1. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
There appears to be a growing happiness gap between men and women. Women today are
working more and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing more. Forty years ago a
typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the typical man performing an activity
considered unpleasant. Today, with men working less, the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered unpleasant.
*d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... between men and women.
e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more and relaxing less.
2. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially replaces other
metals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the proteins that regulate blood
pressure (which can cause development delays in children and high blood pressure in adults),
heme production (which can lead to anemia), and sperm production. Lead also displaces calcium
in the reactions that transmit electrical impulses in the brain, which diminishes the ability to think
and recall information.
Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to Chemistry"
a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm production.
b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic.
*c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in biochemical
reactions.
e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium ... recall information.
3. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
1
,Test Bank For Logic: The Essentials
Chapter_1_Test_A
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was virtuous to
choose the proper amount of emotion and/or action called for in a particular situation and that
extremes of emotion and action were vices. In all communities there are some men of practical
wisdom who have the capacity to judge wisely. Aristotle argued that they have the capacity to
follow the "right rule" whatever the situation.
David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical Choice
a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself.
c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the situation.
d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
*e. Nonargument.
4. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local, and federal
income tax and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local merchants, increasing
the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they work for low salaries, which increases
the earnings of their employers and the amount of taxes these employers pay. Thus, it is not
correct to say that illegal immigrants contribute nothing to the communities in which they live.
*a. Argument; conclusion: It is not correct to say ... communities in which they live.
b. Argument; conclusion: They work for low salaries ... these employers pay.
c. Argument; conclusion: Illegal immigrants pay ... Social Security tax.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also purchase items ... pay in taxes.
e. Nonargument.
5. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
2
, Test Bank For Logic: The Essentials
Chapter_1_Test_A
Numerous studies have indicated that women of color, black women in particular, are over-
arrested, over-indicted, and over-sentenced. African-American women are seven times more
likely to be arrested for prostitution than women of other ethnic groups. Black women have
received significantly longer sentences for crimes against property and served longer periods in
prison. For both murder and drug offenses, Euroamerican women ended up serving one-third less
time for the same offenses than black women.
Nancy Kurshan, "Women and Imprisonment in the U.S."
a. Argument; conclusion: African-American women ... other ethnic groups.
*b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: For both murder and drug offenses ... black women.
d. Argument; conclusion: Numerous studies have indicated ... over-sentenced.
e. Argument; conclusion: Black women have received ... longer periods in prison.
6. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
It's even more important these days that your computer be protected by a firewall. There are
criminal elements lurking in the shadows of cyberspace who send out probes to detect
unprotected PCs. Once a vulnerable computer is found, these criminals install software that
assists them in committing identity theft and fencing stolen IDs. They also defraud online
advertisers by using these zombie computers to visit pay-per-click ads.
a. Argument; conclusion: There are criminal elements ... to detect unprotected PCs.
b. Argument; conclusion: Once a vulnerable computer ... fencing stolen IDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also defraud ... to visit pay-per-click ads.
*e. Argument; conclusion: It's even more important ... protected by a firewall.
7. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
The earth is of interest to astronomy for many reasons. Nearly all observations must be made
3
Chapter_1_Test_A
1. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
There appears to be a growing happiness gap between men and women. Women today are
working more and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing more. Forty years ago a
typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the typical man performing an activity
considered unpleasant. Today, with men working less, the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered unpleasant.
*d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... between men and women.
e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more and relaxing less.
2. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially replaces other
metals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the proteins that regulate blood
pressure (which can cause development delays in children and high blood pressure in adults),
heme production (which can lead to anemia), and sperm production. Lead also displaces calcium
in the reactions that transmit electrical impulses in the brain, which diminishes the ability to think
and recall information.
Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to Chemistry"
a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm production.
b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic.
*c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in biochemical
reactions.
e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium ... recall information.
3. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
1
,Test Bank For Logic: The Essentials
Chapter_1_Test_A
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was virtuous to
choose the proper amount of emotion and/or action called for in a particular situation and that
extremes of emotion and action were vices. In all communities there are some men of practical
wisdom who have the capacity to judge wisely. Aristotle argued that they have the capacity to
follow the "right rule" whatever the situation.
David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical Choice
a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself.
c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the situation.
d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
*e. Nonargument.
4. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local, and federal
income tax and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local merchants, increasing
the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they work for low salaries, which increases
the earnings of their employers and the amount of taxes these employers pay. Thus, it is not
correct to say that illegal immigrants contribute nothing to the communities in which they live.
*a. Argument; conclusion: It is not correct to say ... communities in which they live.
b. Argument; conclusion: They work for low salaries ... these employers pay.
c. Argument; conclusion: Illegal immigrants pay ... Social Security tax.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also purchase items ... pay in taxes.
e. Nonargument.
5. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
2
, Test Bank For Logic: The Essentials
Chapter_1_Test_A
Numerous studies have indicated that women of color, black women in particular, are over-
arrested, over-indicted, and over-sentenced. African-American women are seven times more
likely to be arrested for prostitution than women of other ethnic groups. Black women have
received significantly longer sentences for crimes against property and served longer periods in
prison. For both murder and drug offenses, Euroamerican women ended up serving one-third less
time for the same offenses than black women.
Nancy Kurshan, "Women and Imprisonment in the U.S."
a. Argument; conclusion: African-American women ... other ethnic groups.
*b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: For both murder and drug offenses ... black women.
d. Argument; conclusion: Numerous studies have indicated ... over-sentenced.
e. Argument; conclusion: Black women have received ... longer periods in prison.
6. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
It's even more important these days that your computer be protected by a firewall. There are
criminal elements lurking in the shadows of cyberspace who send out probes to detect
unprotected PCs. Once a vulnerable computer is found, these criminals install software that
assists them in committing identity theft and fencing stolen IDs. They also defraud online
advertisers by using these zombie computers to visit pay-per-click ads.
a. Argument; conclusion: There are criminal elements ... to detect unprotected PCs.
b. Argument; conclusion: Once a vulnerable computer ... fencing stolen IDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also defraud ... to visit pay-per-click ads.
*e. Argument; conclusion: It's even more important ... protected by a firewall.
7. Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the
grading machine to mark your answer wrong.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
The earth is of interest to astronomy for many reasons. Nearly all observations must be made
3
