AHN 577 - Final Test With
Complete Solution
Anemia - ANSWER Reduction in one or more major RBC measurements or
RBC count
Male: Hgb < 13.5 or Hct <41%
Female: Hgb < 12 or Hct <36%
Pernicious Anemia - ANSWER Caused by lack of intrinsic factors (IF)
produced by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa; prevent Vit B12 absorption
and causes Vit B12 deficiency
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER Deficient in hydrochloric acid or
pancreatic enzymes causing inability to metabolize Vit B12
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER ↓RBCs and Hgb content caused by
impaired production r/t ↓ serum folate
Anemia of Chronic Dz (ACD) - ANSWER 1. Gradual onset anemia
accompanied by:
• Chronic infection or inflammation
• Acute/Chronic immune activation (Rheumatoid arthritis)
• CKD &/or ESRD
• Underlying malignancies
,• ? Severe trauma, DM and advanced age
2. Reduction of RBC production by bone marrow d/t:
• Abnormal iron metabolism and reduced absorption from GI tract
• Inability to ↑ erythropoiesis in response to anemia
• Decreased in production of erythropoiesis
• Shortening of red cell life-span
Thalassemia - ANSWER Inherited disorder resulting in defective production
of the globin portion of Hgb
Autoimmune disorder
Megaloblastic
Macrocytic
Normochromic - ANSWER Prenicious anemia indices
Megaloblastic & Macrocytic & normochromic - ANSWER Vit B12 Deficiency
anemia
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia
Pernicious Anemia indices
,Hypochromic & Microcytic - ANSWER Iron deficiency Anemia and
Thalassemia indices
Normochromic & Normocytic sometimes Hypochromic & Mircrocytic -
ANSWER Anemia of Chronic dz (ACD)
Normochromic to hypochromic & Microcytic - ANSWER Thalassemia indices
Prevalence of Thalassemia - ANSWER Mediterranean, African, and Asian
Hgb - ANSWER Main component of RBC and the essential protein that
combines w/ and transports O2 to the body
Males: 13.5-18
Females: 12-16
Hct - ANSWER Measures % of volume of whole blood that is occupied by
erythrocytes: the amount of plasma to total RBC mass (RBC concentration)
Males: 40-54%
Females: 37-47%
, TIBC - ANSWER 250-450
S. Iron - ANSWER 50-150
MCV - ANSWER Average volume and size of individual erythrocytes.
MCV Levels - ANSWER Microcytic: <80
Normocytic: 80-100
Macrocytic: > 100
MCH - ANSWER Average amount and weight of Hgb contained in a single
erythrocyte
26-34 pg
MCHC - ANSWER Average Hgb concentration or proportion of each RBC
occupied by Hgb as a % (100 mL)
MCHC levels - ANSWER Hypochromic: < 32%
Normochromic: 32-36%
Hyperchromic: > 36%
Complete Solution
Anemia - ANSWER Reduction in one or more major RBC measurements or
RBC count
Male: Hgb < 13.5 or Hct <41%
Female: Hgb < 12 or Hct <36%
Pernicious Anemia - ANSWER Caused by lack of intrinsic factors (IF)
produced by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa; prevent Vit B12 absorption
and causes Vit B12 deficiency
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER Deficient in hydrochloric acid or
pancreatic enzymes causing inability to metabolize Vit B12
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER ↓RBCs and Hgb content caused by
impaired production r/t ↓ serum folate
Anemia of Chronic Dz (ACD) - ANSWER 1. Gradual onset anemia
accompanied by:
• Chronic infection or inflammation
• Acute/Chronic immune activation (Rheumatoid arthritis)
• CKD &/or ESRD
• Underlying malignancies
,• ? Severe trauma, DM and advanced age
2. Reduction of RBC production by bone marrow d/t:
• Abnormal iron metabolism and reduced absorption from GI tract
• Inability to ↑ erythropoiesis in response to anemia
• Decreased in production of erythropoiesis
• Shortening of red cell life-span
Thalassemia - ANSWER Inherited disorder resulting in defective production
of the globin portion of Hgb
Autoimmune disorder
Megaloblastic
Macrocytic
Normochromic - ANSWER Prenicious anemia indices
Megaloblastic & Macrocytic & normochromic - ANSWER Vit B12 Deficiency
anemia
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia
Pernicious Anemia indices
,Hypochromic & Microcytic - ANSWER Iron deficiency Anemia and
Thalassemia indices
Normochromic & Normocytic sometimes Hypochromic & Mircrocytic -
ANSWER Anemia of Chronic dz (ACD)
Normochromic to hypochromic & Microcytic - ANSWER Thalassemia indices
Prevalence of Thalassemia - ANSWER Mediterranean, African, and Asian
Hgb - ANSWER Main component of RBC and the essential protein that
combines w/ and transports O2 to the body
Males: 13.5-18
Females: 12-16
Hct - ANSWER Measures % of volume of whole blood that is occupied by
erythrocytes: the amount of plasma to total RBC mass (RBC concentration)
Males: 40-54%
Females: 37-47%
, TIBC - ANSWER 250-450
S. Iron - ANSWER 50-150
MCV - ANSWER Average volume and size of individual erythrocytes.
MCV Levels - ANSWER Microcytic: <80
Normocytic: 80-100
Macrocytic: > 100
MCH - ANSWER Average amount and weight of Hgb contained in a single
erythrocyte
26-34 pg
MCHC - ANSWER Average Hgb concentration or proportion of each RBC
occupied by Hgb as a % (100 mL)
MCHC levels - ANSWER Hypochromic: < 32%
Normochromic: 32-36%
Hyperchromic: > 36%
