BISC120 Exam | Questions Solved 100%
Correct |Verified Answers
What are proteins?
Polymers of amino acids, polypeptides constructed from 20 amino acids
Describe proteins structure?
They are the most structurally complex molecules known, vary extensively in structure enabling
diverse functions and each protein has a unique three-dimensional shape.
What is an enzymatic protein and an example?
It does selective acceleration of chemical reactions.
Example: digestive enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of bonds in food molecules
What are defensive protein and an example?
They protect against disease
Example: Antibodies inactivate and help destroy viruses and bacteria
What are storage protein and an example?
They store amino acids
Example: Casein, the protein of milk, is the major source of amino acids for baby mammals.
Plants have storage proteins in their seeds.
What are transport protein and an example?
They transport substances
Example: Hemoglobin, the iron-containing protein of vertebrate blood, transports oxygen from
the lungs to other parts of the body.
What are hormonal proteins and an example?
,They coordinate an organisms activities
Example: Insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, causes other tissues to take up glucose,
thus regulating blood sugar concentration.
What are receptor protein and an example?
Response of cell to chemical stimuli
Example: Receptors built into the membrane of a nerve cell detect signaling molecules released
by other nerve cells
What are contractile and motor protein and an example?
Function is movement
Example: Motor proteins are responsible for the undulations of cilia and flagella.
What are structural protein and an example?
Function is support
Example: Keratin is the protein of hair, horns, feathers and other skin appendages.
What is genetic code?
Genetic code is based on nitrogenous base triplets (codons)
What is another term for genetic code?
mRNA
How is mRNA translated?
It is translated into amino acids, with a processing step in eukaryotic organisms
How are mRNA triplets translated into amino acids?
Every three bases code for a single specific amino acid (each amino acid is associated with
several codes)
How are proteins made (amino acid)
, Made by transcribing and translating base code from amino acids
What is transcription in the nucleus?
DNA is opened and the code is transcribed to an mRNA molecule (with some enzyme
processing)
What is translation in ribosome?
Done with the help of tRNA molecules which bind to specific amino acids
What do sexually reproducing organisms have?
They have both haploid and diploid
What are gametes (sex cells)?
Meiosis in gonads produces haploids
What are somatic cells (sex cells)?
The rest are diploids
What is Mitosis?
Chromosomes are duplicated. Then sister chromatids are pulled apart in one cell division,
forming new chromosomes.
What is Meiosis? (pt. 1)
Production of gametes (sperm and egg). Two cell divisions. The homologous chromosomes
from each parent are separated first (Meiosis I), then the sister chromatids (Meiosis II).
What is Meiosis? (pt. 2)
Two alleles for a heritable character segregate (separate) during gamete formation and end up
in different gametes.
What happens in recombination of linked genes?
Correct |Verified Answers
What are proteins?
Polymers of amino acids, polypeptides constructed from 20 amino acids
Describe proteins structure?
They are the most structurally complex molecules known, vary extensively in structure enabling
diverse functions and each protein has a unique three-dimensional shape.
What is an enzymatic protein and an example?
It does selective acceleration of chemical reactions.
Example: digestive enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of bonds in food molecules
What are defensive protein and an example?
They protect against disease
Example: Antibodies inactivate and help destroy viruses and bacteria
What are storage protein and an example?
They store amino acids
Example: Casein, the protein of milk, is the major source of amino acids for baby mammals.
Plants have storage proteins in their seeds.
What are transport protein and an example?
They transport substances
Example: Hemoglobin, the iron-containing protein of vertebrate blood, transports oxygen from
the lungs to other parts of the body.
What are hormonal proteins and an example?
,They coordinate an organisms activities
Example: Insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, causes other tissues to take up glucose,
thus regulating blood sugar concentration.
What are receptor protein and an example?
Response of cell to chemical stimuli
Example: Receptors built into the membrane of a nerve cell detect signaling molecules released
by other nerve cells
What are contractile and motor protein and an example?
Function is movement
Example: Motor proteins are responsible for the undulations of cilia and flagella.
What are structural protein and an example?
Function is support
Example: Keratin is the protein of hair, horns, feathers and other skin appendages.
What is genetic code?
Genetic code is based on nitrogenous base triplets (codons)
What is another term for genetic code?
mRNA
How is mRNA translated?
It is translated into amino acids, with a processing step in eukaryotic organisms
How are mRNA triplets translated into amino acids?
Every three bases code for a single specific amino acid (each amino acid is associated with
several codes)
How are proteins made (amino acid)
, Made by transcribing and translating base code from amino acids
What is transcription in the nucleus?
DNA is opened and the code is transcribed to an mRNA molecule (with some enzyme
processing)
What is translation in ribosome?
Done with the help of tRNA molecules which bind to specific amino acids
What do sexually reproducing organisms have?
They have both haploid and diploid
What are gametes (sex cells)?
Meiosis in gonads produces haploids
What are somatic cells (sex cells)?
The rest are diploids
What is Mitosis?
Chromosomes are duplicated. Then sister chromatids are pulled apart in one cell division,
forming new chromosomes.
What is Meiosis? (pt. 1)
Production of gametes (sperm and egg). Two cell divisions. The homologous chromosomes
from each parent are separated first (Meiosis I), then the sister chromatids (Meiosis II).
What is Meiosis? (pt. 2)
Two alleles for a heritable character segregate (separate) during gamete formation and end up
in different gametes.
What happens in recombination of linked genes?
