PHI2600 Ethics - Final Exam - Broward
College UPDATED Actual Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Most philosophers believe that intentions are important when judging the morality of an
action, but for utilitarians the sole criterion is the action's consequences. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- True
Which of the following expressions would you be most likely to hear utilitarians using to
justify their actions? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- "The ends justify the means."
Which of the following factors should be taken into consideration when performing
Bentham's utilitarian calculus? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The intensity of pleasure.
In the early 1960s during times of revolution, rape, rampage, and chaos in certain areas of the
world, the Roman Catholic Church hierarchy supplied its nuns with birth control pills. The
reasoning was that, although the church opposed use of the Pill, the risk of rape and resultant
pregnancy was so great as to override religious objections to the Pill. This justification
illustrates what sort of ethical system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Utilitarian
Regarding the confinement raising of chickens for food, Jeremy Bentham would most likely
argue that it is - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Not morally acceptable because chickens
experience pain.
According to utilitarianism individual happiness is the highest moral good. People achieve
happiness by pursuing their rational self-interests. Therefore, people ought to pursue their
rational self-interests. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- False
Which of the following did Mill regard as our most important moral duty/right? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Nonmaleficence
Suppose that an anti-abortionist assassinates an abortionist, claiming that, "The end justifies
the means: It is better to kill one human now, than to allow that person to kill many humans
(perform abortions) in the future." This assassin's reasoning adheres to which ethical system.
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Utilitarian
,To a rule-utilitarian, we should in any particular situation, follow the rule that in general
brings about the greatest happiness for the greatest number. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
True
Utilitarians would support voluntary euthanasia, especially when the pain in a person's life
outweighs the pleasure that he or she derives from living. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- True
According to which ethical system does the rightness or wrongness of an act depend on the
act itself and not on its consequences? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Deontological system
Deontologist S. Bok suggests that, although lying is generally wrong, there may be isolated
cases where the duty to lie conflicts with the more important duty to protect innocent human
life. In these cases, lying may be morally justified. This view will lead to the notion of: -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Prima facie duties.
The development of proper self-esteem (the duty of self-improvement) in deontology requires
that we: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Cultivate the good will.
Which of the following, according to Kant, is a characteristic of moral maxims and duties? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- They are universally binding.
According to prima facie deontologists, a moral duty is binding unless it: - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Conflicts with a more compelling moral duty.
Dr. Jack Kevorkian has assisted numerous people in committing suicide, each of whom felt
that his or her life was no longer worth living because of disease, disability, or terminal
illness. Which of the following people would be most likely to disapprove of Dr. Kevorkian's
actions? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Immanuel Kant
The categorical imperative requires us to: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Always treat persons
as ends-in-themselves.
, Identify the philosopher who said: "so act as to treat humanity, whether in your own person or
in that of any other, in every case as an end in itself, never as a means only." - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Immanuel Kant.
"Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a
universal law," is an ethical principle advocated by: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Kant's
deontologism.
In Canada, freedom of speech is more limited than in the United States. For example, hate
speech is considered immoral and, as such, is illegal in Canada. According to Canadians,
freedom of speech is a(n): - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Prima facie right.
Which of the following groups would Ayn Rand most likely applaud as advocates of human
rights: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The Buddhists.
In Buddhism, rights: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Belong to all living beings.
Which of the following people would be most likely to support legislation requiring
multinational logging and mining corporations in the Amazon to reimburse or return lands to
the indigenous people? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Gustavo Gutierrez
According to Marxists, rights exist because of our: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Human
nature
A cultural relativist most likely would base a claim of rights on: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Absolute duties.
The "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions of the first Woman's Rights Convention"
stated that women ought to have the legal right to: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Vote in
elections.
According to natural rights ethicists, such as John Locke and Ayn Rand, rights stem from: -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Human nature.
College UPDATED Actual Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Most philosophers believe that intentions are important when judging the morality of an
action, but for utilitarians the sole criterion is the action's consequences. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- True
Which of the following expressions would you be most likely to hear utilitarians using to
justify their actions? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- "The ends justify the means."
Which of the following factors should be taken into consideration when performing
Bentham's utilitarian calculus? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The intensity of pleasure.
In the early 1960s during times of revolution, rape, rampage, and chaos in certain areas of the
world, the Roman Catholic Church hierarchy supplied its nuns with birth control pills. The
reasoning was that, although the church opposed use of the Pill, the risk of rape and resultant
pregnancy was so great as to override religious objections to the Pill. This justification
illustrates what sort of ethical system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Utilitarian
Regarding the confinement raising of chickens for food, Jeremy Bentham would most likely
argue that it is - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Not morally acceptable because chickens
experience pain.
According to utilitarianism individual happiness is the highest moral good. People achieve
happiness by pursuing their rational self-interests. Therefore, people ought to pursue their
rational self-interests. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- False
Which of the following did Mill regard as our most important moral duty/right? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Nonmaleficence
Suppose that an anti-abortionist assassinates an abortionist, claiming that, "The end justifies
the means: It is better to kill one human now, than to allow that person to kill many humans
(perform abortions) in the future." This assassin's reasoning adheres to which ethical system.
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Utilitarian
,To a rule-utilitarian, we should in any particular situation, follow the rule that in general
brings about the greatest happiness for the greatest number. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
True
Utilitarians would support voluntary euthanasia, especially when the pain in a person's life
outweighs the pleasure that he or she derives from living. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- True
According to which ethical system does the rightness or wrongness of an act depend on the
act itself and not on its consequences? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Deontological system
Deontologist S. Bok suggests that, although lying is generally wrong, there may be isolated
cases where the duty to lie conflicts with the more important duty to protect innocent human
life. In these cases, lying may be morally justified. This view will lead to the notion of: -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Prima facie duties.
The development of proper self-esteem (the duty of self-improvement) in deontology requires
that we: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Cultivate the good will.
Which of the following, according to Kant, is a characteristic of moral maxims and duties? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- They are universally binding.
According to prima facie deontologists, a moral duty is binding unless it: - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Conflicts with a more compelling moral duty.
Dr. Jack Kevorkian has assisted numerous people in committing suicide, each of whom felt
that his or her life was no longer worth living because of disease, disability, or terminal
illness. Which of the following people would be most likely to disapprove of Dr. Kevorkian's
actions? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Immanuel Kant
The categorical imperative requires us to: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Always treat persons
as ends-in-themselves.
, Identify the philosopher who said: "so act as to treat humanity, whether in your own person or
in that of any other, in every case as an end in itself, never as a means only." - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Immanuel Kant.
"Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a
universal law," is an ethical principle advocated by: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Kant's
deontologism.
In Canada, freedom of speech is more limited than in the United States. For example, hate
speech is considered immoral and, as such, is illegal in Canada. According to Canadians,
freedom of speech is a(n): - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Prima facie right.
Which of the following groups would Ayn Rand most likely applaud as advocates of human
rights: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The Buddhists.
In Buddhism, rights: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Belong to all living beings.
Which of the following people would be most likely to support legislation requiring
multinational logging and mining corporations in the Amazon to reimburse or return lands to
the indigenous people? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Gustavo Gutierrez
According to Marxists, rights exist because of our: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Human
nature
A cultural relativist most likely would base a claim of rights on: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Absolute duties.
The "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions of the first Woman's Rights Convention"
stated that women ought to have the legal right to: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Vote in
elections.
According to natural rights ethicists, such as John Locke and Ayn Rand, rights stem from: -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Human nature.
