Cisco CCNA 200-301 Questions and
Correct Answers | Latest Update
Network Characteristics
→ ~~> Topoplogy
→ Speed
→ Cost
→ Security
→ Availability
→ Scalability
→ Reliability
OSI (Open System Interconnect) Model
→ ~~> A conceptual model to data transmission at each individual layer. How
networks talk to each other
OSI layers
→ ~~> Sender(Encapsulation) -> Receiver (De-encapsulation)
→ 7.)Application
→ 6.)Presentation
→ 5.)Session
→ 4.)Transport (TCP/UDP, PORT)
→ 3.)Network (IP address, operates with routers)
→ 2.)Data-Link (Ethernet MAC address, operates with switch)
→ 1.)Physical (operates with Hubs)
OSI acronyms
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→ ~~> Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away
Physical
Data-link
Network
Transport
Session
Presentation
Application
TCP/IP Suite
→ ~~> Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol.
Originally designed for use on large internetworks but has now become the de facto protocol
for networks of all sizes.
TCP/IP stack
→ ~~> -Application
-Transport
-Internet
-Network Access
TCP/IP Stack =APPLICATION
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→ ~~> Represents Data users, encodes and controls the dialog (OSI comparison
=Application, Presentation, Session)
TCP/IP Stack =TRANSPORT
→ ~~> Supports communication between end devices across a divers network(OSI
comparison =Transport)
TCP/IP Stack =INTERNET
→ ~~> Provides logical addressing and determines the best path through the
network(OSI comparison =Network)
TCP/IP Stack =NETWORK ACCESS
→ ~~> Controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network (OSI
comparison =Data-link, Physical)
Protocol Data Unit (PDU)
→ ~~> A generic term referring to the header defined by some layer of a networking
model, and the data encapsulated by the header (and possibly trailer) of that layer,
but specifically not including any lower-layer headers and trailers.
Application Layer
→ ~~> -Provides network services to the applications of the user
-does not provide services to any other OSI layer
-establishes the avialability of intended communication partners
-Synchronizes and establishes agreement on procedures for error recovery and control of
data integrity
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