US History
"Big Stick" policy - ANSWER✅✅✅Refers to U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy:
"speak softly, and carry a big stick.
"Cross of Gold" Speech - ANSWER✅✅✅Speech delivered by William Jennings Bryan, a former U.S.
Representative from Nebraska, at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 9, 1896. In the
address, Bryan supported bimetallism or "free silver", which he believed would bring the nation
prosperity.
"Great Society" - ANSWER✅✅✅Johnson demanded an end to poverty and racial injustice, promising
to carry on JFK's legacy but wanting to add in his own plans and ideas. He was bent on fixing the
inequalities of US society and planned to end segregation among other racial injustices. He wanted to
secure a reputation like that of FDR with a similar New Deal kind of structure. This is what Johnson
wanted to be known and remembered for but instead he was stuck with the Vietnam war which ended
up taking all his time.
"Hoovervilles" - ANSWER✅✅✅Grim shantytowns where impoverished victims of the Great
Depression slept under newspapers and in makeshift tents. Their visibility (and sarcastic name)
tarnished the reputation of the Hoover administration.
"Open Door" Policy - ANSWER✅✅✅Is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United
States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, as enunciated in Secretary
of State John Hay's Open Door Note, dated September 6, 1899 Message delivered by John to the nations
of the world, begging them to respect Chinese rights and influence in the spirit of fair competition.
"War on Poverty" - ANSWER✅✅✅Waged by Johnson's Great Society programs that presented a
classic liberal platform.
• Civil and voting rights acts
• Public school funding—when the rich moved to the suburbs all the poverty and squalor remained in
the cities, destroying the tax base which of course had negative effects on public education
• Medicare and Medicaid
• National endowment for arts and humanities (PBS)
• Clean air and water quality acts
• Endangered species preservation act (1966)
US History
,US History
"White Man's Burden" - ANSWER✅✅✅A phrase used to justify European imperialism in the
nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; it is the title of a poem by Rudyard Kipling.
13th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅This abolished slavery in the United States and provides that
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall
have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States
14th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅This amendment declared that all persons born or naturalized in
the United States were entitled equal rights regardless of their race, and that their rights were protected
at both the state and national levels.
15th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅The amendment that stated that no one could be rejected voting
rights based on race, color, or ex-slave.
16th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it
among the states or basing it on the U.S. Census.
17th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Established that senators were to be elected directly. This law
was intended to create a more democratic, fair society.
18th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Prohibited the non-medical sale of alcohol This amendment is the
midpoint of a growing drive towards women's rights as well as showing the moral attitude of the era.
19th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to
vote to women in federal or state elections.
26th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅This Amendment prohibits the states and the federal government
from using age as a reason for denying citizens of the United States who are at least eighteen years old
the right to vote.
A. Philip Randolph - ANSWER✅✅✅Labor and Civil Rights leader in the 1940s who led the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters; he demanded that FDR create a Fair Employment Commission to
US History
,US History
investigate job discrimination in war industries. FDR agreed only after he threatened a march on
Washington by African Americans.
Abraham Lincoln - ANSWER✅✅✅Republicans chose him to run against Senator Douglas (a
Democrat) in the senatorial elections of 1858. Although he loss victory to senatorship that year, he came
to be one of the most prominent northern politicians and emerged as a Republican nominee for
president. Although he won the presidential elections of 1860, he was a minority and sectional president
(he was not allowed on the ballot in ten southern states). 16th President of the United States; saved the
Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth.
Affirmative Action - ANSWER✅✅✅An action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from
discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination.
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) - ANSWER✅✅✅A New Deal program designed to raise
agricultural prices by paying farmers not to farm. It was based on the assumption that higher prices
would increase farmers' purchasing power and thereby help alleviate the Great Depression.
Alexander Graham Bell - ANSWER✅✅✅Was an eminent Scottish-born scientist, inventor, engineer
and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone.
Alice Paul - ANSWER✅✅✅An American suffragist, feminist, and women's rights activist, and the
main leader and strategist of the 1910s campaign for the 19th Amendment.
Allied Powers - ANSWER✅✅✅The victorious allied nations of World War I and World War II. In
World War I, included Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and the United States. In World War II, included
Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States.
American Federation of Labor - ANSWER✅✅✅Was the first federation of labor unions in the United
States. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of
Labor, a national labor association and led by Samuel Gompers; an alliance of skilled workers in craft
unions; concentrated on bread-and-butter issues such as higher wages, shorter hours, and better
working conditions.
US History
, US History
American Indian Movement (AIM) - ANSWER✅✅✅A coalition that fought for Indian rights
guaranteed by treaties(broken by the U.S. government many, many times over) and better conditions
and opportunities for American Indians.
Americanization - ANSWER✅✅✅The influence of the U.S. on the culture of other countries. Also
refers to the process of acculturation by immigrants or annexed populations to American customs and
values.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - ANSWER✅✅✅Legislation passed in 1990 that prohibits
discrimination against people with disabilities. Under this Act, discrimination against a disabled person is
illegal in employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications and government
activities.
Andrew Carnegie - ANSWER✅✅✅Was a Scottish American industrialist who led the enormous
expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. He built a leadership role as a
philanthropist. He gave away to charities and foundations about $350 million.
Anti-Imperialist League - ANSWER✅✅✅Objected to the annexation of the Philippines and the
building of an American empire. Idealism, self-interest, racism, constitutionalism, and other reasons
motivated them, but they failed to make their case; the Philippines were annexed in 1900
Antiwar protests - ANSWER✅✅✅was a student protest that started as the Free Speech movement
in California and spread around the world. All members of the Anti-War Movement shared an
opposition to war in Vietnam and condemned U.S. presence there. They claimed this was violating
Vietnam's rights. This movement resulted in growing activism on campuses aimed at social reform etc.
Primarily a middle-class movement. CULTURAL.
Appeasement - ANSWER✅✅✅In a political context is a diplomatic policy of making political or
material concessions to an enemy power in order to avoid conflict.
In WWII it was the term for the British-French policy of attempting to prevent war by granting German
demands.
Appomattox - ANSWER✅✅✅Site Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union general
Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865, effectively ending the Civil War..
US History
"Big Stick" policy - ANSWER✅✅✅Refers to U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy:
"speak softly, and carry a big stick.
"Cross of Gold" Speech - ANSWER✅✅✅Speech delivered by William Jennings Bryan, a former U.S.
Representative from Nebraska, at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 9, 1896. In the
address, Bryan supported bimetallism or "free silver", which he believed would bring the nation
prosperity.
"Great Society" - ANSWER✅✅✅Johnson demanded an end to poverty and racial injustice, promising
to carry on JFK's legacy but wanting to add in his own plans and ideas. He was bent on fixing the
inequalities of US society and planned to end segregation among other racial injustices. He wanted to
secure a reputation like that of FDR with a similar New Deal kind of structure. This is what Johnson
wanted to be known and remembered for but instead he was stuck with the Vietnam war which ended
up taking all his time.
"Hoovervilles" - ANSWER✅✅✅Grim shantytowns where impoverished victims of the Great
Depression slept under newspapers and in makeshift tents. Their visibility (and sarcastic name)
tarnished the reputation of the Hoover administration.
"Open Door" Policy - ANSWER✅✅✅Is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United
States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, as enunciated in Secretary
of State John Hay's Open Door Note, dated September 6, 1899 Message delivered by John to the nations
of the world, begging them to respect Chinese rights and influence in the spirit of fair competition.
"War on Poverty" - ANSWER✅✅✅Waged by Johnson's Great Society programs that presented a
classic liberal platform.
• Civil and voting rights acts
• Public school funding—when the rich moved to the suburbs all the poverty and squalor remained in
the cities, destroying the tax base which of course had negative effects on public education
• Medicare and Medicaid
• National endowment for arts and humanities (PBS)
• Clean air and water quality acts
• Endangered species preservation act (1966)
US History
,US History
"White Man's Burden" - ANSWER✅✅✅A phrase used to justify European imperialism in the
nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; it is the title of a poem by Rudyard Kipling.
13th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅This abolished slavery in the United States and provides that
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall
have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States
14th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅This amendment declared that all persons born or naturalized in
the United States were entitled equal rights regardless of their race, and that their rights were protected
at both the state and national levels.
15th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅The amendment that stated that no one could be rejected voting
rights based on race, color, or ex-slave.
16th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it
among the states or basing it on the U.S. Census.
17th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Established that senators were to be elected directly. This law
was intended to create a more democratic, fair society.
18th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Prohibited the non-medical sale of alcohol This amendment is the
midpoint of a growing drive towards women's rights as well as showing the moral attitude of the era.
19th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to
vote to women in federal or state elections.
26th Amendment - ANSWER✅✅✅This Amendment prohibits the states and the federal government
from using age as a reason for denying citizens of the United States who are at least eighteen years old
the right to vote.
A. Philip Randolph - ANSWER✅✅✅Labor and Civil Rights leader in the 1940s who led the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters; he demanded that FDR create a Fair Employment Commission to
US History
,US History
investigate job discrimination in war industries. FDR agreed only after he threatened a march on
Washington by African Americans.
Abraham Lincoln - ANSWER✅✅✅Republicans chose him to run against Senator Douglas (a
Democrat) in the senatorial elections of 1858. Although he loss victory to senatorship that year, he came
to be one of the most prominent northern politicians and emerged as a Republican nominee for
president. Although he won the presidential elections of 1860, he was a minority and sectional president
(he was not allowed on the ballot in ten southern states). 16th President of the United States; saved the
Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth.
Affirmative Action - ANSWER✅✅✅An action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from
discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination.
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) - ANSWER✅✅✅A New Deal program designed to raise
agricultural prices by paying farmers not to farm. It was based on the assumption that higher prices
would increase farmers' purchasing power and thereby help alleviate the Great Depression.
Alexander Graham Bell - ANSWER✅✅✅Was an eminent Scottish-born scientist, inventor, engineer
and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone.
Alice Paul - ANSWER✅✅✅An American suffragist, feminist, and women's rights activist, and the
main leader and strategist of the 1910s campaign for the 19th Amendment.
Allied Powers - ANSWER✅✅✅The victorious allied nations of World War I and World War II. In
World War I, included Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and the United States. In World War II, included
Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States.
American Federation of Labor - ANSWER✅✅✅Was the first federation of labor unions in the United
States. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of
Labor, a national labor association and led by Samuel Gompers; an alliance of skilled workers in craft
unions; concentrated on bread-and-butter issues such as higher wages, shorter hours, and better
working conditions.
US History
, US History
American Indian Movement (AIM) - ANSWER✅✅✅A coalition that fought for Indian rights
guaranteed by treaties(broken by the U.S. government many, many times over) and better conditions
and opportunities for American Indians.
Americanization - ANSWER✅✅✅The influence of the U.S. on the culture of other countries. Also
refers to the process of acculturation by immigrants or annexed populations to American customs and
values.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - ANSWER✅✅✅Legislation passed in 1990 that prohibits
discrimination against people with disabilities. Under this Act, discrimination against a disabled person is
illegal in employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications and government
activities.
Andrew Carnegie - ANSWER✅✅✅Was a Scottish American industrialist who led the enormous
expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. He built a leadership role as a
philanthropist. He gave away to charities and foundations about $350 million.
Anti-Imperialist League - ANSWER✅✅✅Objected to the annexation of the Philippines and the
building of an American empire. Idealism, self-interest, racism, constitutionalism, and other reasons
motivated them, but they failed to make their case; the Philippines were annexed in 1900
Antiwar protests - ANSWER✅✅✅was a student protest that started as the Free Speech movement
in California and spread around the world. All members of the Anti-War Movement shared an
opposition to war in Vietnam and condemned U.S. presence there. They claimed this was violating
Vietnam's rights. This movement resulted in growing activism on campuses aimed at social reform etc.
Primarily a middle-class movement. CULTURAL.
Appeasement - ANSWER✅✅✅In a political context is a diplomatic policy of making political or
material concessions to an enemy power in order to avoid conflict.
In WWII it was the term for the British-French policy of attempting to prevent war by granting German
demands.
Appomattox - ANSWER✅✅✅Site Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union general
Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865, effectively ending the Civil War..
US History
