OSSF EPITHELIUM EXAM WITH QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
What are the 4 basic cell types that organs are made of?
Epithelial cells, connective tissue, muscle cells, nerve cells
What basic cell protect, absorb and secrete and have high mitotic
activity (continuously dividing)?
Epithelial cells
What basic cell provides mechanical support and immune surveillance
with variable mitotic activity?
Connective tissue (including blood)
What basic cell is specialized for contractility and is mitotically static
(some exceptions)?
Muscle cells
What do muscle cells use for growth since they're usually mitotically
static?
Stem cells, cells get bigger in size, not number
What basic cell is specialized to conduce electrical impulses?
Nerve cells
What do nerve cells do when damaged?
Since neurons are mitotically static, they rewire things and go around the
damage
Which of these cells is most likely to be epithelial?
B- the Romanovsky staining of it makes it basophilic (blue) because
there are lot of ribosomes present which means a lot of protein and cell
division, the cells are closely adhered to another even out of vivo
What cells line blood vessels and lymphatics?
Endothelial cells
What cells line body cavities?
Mesothelial cells
, What does the mesoderm of embryonic tissue give rise to?
Muscle and connective tissue
What does the ectoderm of embryonic tissue give rise to?
Nervous tissue
What does the endoderm of embryonic tissue give rise to?
Lining of digestive tract and lungs
The position of organelles, apical surface characteristics, cell-cell
junctions and cell-basement membrane junctions all contribute to what?
Cell polarity
What are 4 epithelial specializations of the apical surface?
Glycocalyx, microvilli, cilia, sterocilia
What 4 things does a glycocalyx offer?
Protection, permeability barrier, cell recognition, cell adhesion
What is the gelatinous glycoprotein-polysaccharide that covers the
apical surface of some epithelial cells called?
glycocalyx
What type of stain is used to highlight carbohydrates (and goblet cells) in
the glycocalyx?
Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)
Why is PAS used to stain the glycocalyx and mucous?
It's not stained with H&E alone
What is present in the surface of most epithelial cells that increases SA
for absorption or secretion?
Microvilli
What makes up the core of microvilli?
Bundle of cross-linked actin filaments
What is the proximal end of microvilli anchored to?
Terminal web (TW)
Which organelle creates the glycoproteins that are part of the
glycocalyx?
Golgi apparatus (adds sugars)
What is motile, has coordinated beating and has a core of 9+2
microtubules?
Motile cilia
What are 2 locations motile cilia would be present?
Upper respiratory tract (nasal passage, trachea, bronchi) and
reproductive tracts (oviduct, sperm)
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
What are the 4 basic cell types that organs are made of?
Epithelial cells, connective tissue, muscle cells, nerve cells
What basic cell protect, absorb and secrete and have high mitotic
activity (continuously dividing)?
Epithelial cells
What basic cell provides mechanical support and immune surveillance
with variable mitotic activity?
Connective tissue (including blood)
What basic cell is specialized for contractility and is mitotically static
(some exceptions)?
Muscle cells
What do muscle cells use for growth since they're usually mitotically
static?
Stem cells, cells get bigger in size, not number
What basic cell is specialized to conduce electrical impulses?
Nerve cells
What do nerve cells do when damaged?
Since neurons are mitotically static, they rewire things and go around the
damage
Which of these cells is most likely to be epithelial?
B- the Romanovsky staining of it makes it basophilic (blue) because
there are lot of ribosomes present which means a lot of protein and cell
division, the cells are closely adhered to another even out of vivo
What cells line blood vessels and lymphatics?
Endothelial cells
What cells line body cavities?
Mesothelial cells
, What does the mesoderm of embryonic tissue give rise to?
Muscle and connective tissue
What does the ectoderm of embryonic tissue give rise to?
Nervous tissue
What does the endoderm of embryonic tissue give rise to?
Lining of digestive tract and lungs
The position of organelles, apical surface characteristics, cell-cell
junctions and cell-basement membrane junctions all contribute to what?
Cell polarity
What are 4 epithelial specializations of the apical surface?
Glycocalyx, microvilli, cilia, sterocilia
What 4 things does a glycocalyx offer?
Protection, permeability barrier, cell recognition, cell adhesion
What is the gelatinous glycoprotein-polysaccharide that covers the
apical surface of some epithelial cells called?
glycocalyx
What type of stain is used to highlight carbohydrates (and goblet cells) in
the glycocalyx?
Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)
Why is PAS used to stain the glycocalyx and mucous?
It's not stained with H&E alone
What is present in the surface of most epithelial cells that increases SA
for absorption or secretion?
Microvilli
What makes up the core of microvilli?
Bundle of cross-linked actin filaments
What is the proximal end of microvilli anchored to?
Terminal web (TW)
Which organelle creates the glycoproteins that are part of the
glycocalyx?
Golgi apparatus (adds sugars)
What is motile, has coordinated beating and has a core of 9+2
microtubules?
Motile cilia
What are 2 locations motile cilia would be present?
Upper respiratory tract (nasal passage, trachea, bronchi) and
reproductive tracts (oviduct, sperm)
