CHAPTER 1-4 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

CHAPTER 1-4 ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS



Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k


the study of the structure of the body
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Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k


the study of the function of the body
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Chemical level - CORRECT ANSWER-k k k k


represents the atoms and molecules that make up cells (Consists
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kof Atomic level and molecular level)
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Cellular level - CORRECT ANSWER-
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represents the basic unit of all living things
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Tissue level - CORRECT ANSWER-
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a group of cells with similar or common function
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Organ level - CORRECT ANSWER-
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a group of tissues with similar or common function
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Organ system level - CORRECT ANSWER-
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a group of organs with similar or common function
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Organismic level - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


the entire body consisting of the various organ systems.
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Integumentary System - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


controls body temperature & protects body from environmental h
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azards

,Skeletal System - CORRECT ANSWER-
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supports body, protects soft body parts, stores minerals, forms bl
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ood cells
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Muscular System - CORRECT ANSWER-
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movement, support and produces heat k k k k




Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWER-
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controls immediate responses to stimuli
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Endocrine System - CORRECT ANSWER-controls long-
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term responses in body
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Cardiovascular System - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


internal transport of nutrients, wastes, oxygen, carbon dioxide an
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d cells
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Lymphatic & Immune Systems - CORRECT ANSWER-
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defense, immunity and returns lost fluids to cardiovascular syste
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m

Respiratory System - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


exchange of air and delivery of blood gases to/from tissues
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Digestive System - CORRECT ANSWER-
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ingestion, breakdown and absorption of food & elimination of indi
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gestible wastes k




Urinary System - CORRECT ANSWER-
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filtration of blood to maintain proper water and salt balance and to
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keliminate waste products k k




Reproductive System - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


produces sex cells and hormones related to reproduction
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,homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k


condition in which body's internal environment remains within cer
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tain narrow physiological limits
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homeostatic regulation - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


adjustment of physiological system to maintain homeostasis k k k k k k




receptor - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k


monitors change in controlled condition (stimulus) and sends inp
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ut to control center
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control (integration) center - CORRECT ANSWER-
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receives input from receptor & determines appropriate response
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effector - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k


cell or organ that receives information (output) from control center
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and produces a response (effect)
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interactions of a feedback system - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k k k k


stimulus -> receptor -> input (afferent pathway) -> control center -
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> output (efferent pathway) -> response
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positive feedback - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


the response by the effector to the initial change is to further exag
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gerate the change. Example in labor contractions, the contraction
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kof the uterus forces the baby towards the birth canal, which
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places pressure on the cervix; the pressure of the baby against th
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e cervix causes uterine contraction, etc. - CORRECT ANSWER-
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...

Negative feedback - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k k


the response by the effector to the initial change is to counter or re
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duce that change, thus bringing the system back to its "normal" st
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ate. Example When blood sugar level rises, the pancreas secrete
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s

, insulin which causes the cells of the body to take in glucose, thus
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removing glucose from the blood and lowering blood sugar level.
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- CORRECT ANSWER-...
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Anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER-
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patient is erect, feet apart and palms facing anteriorly Cephalic =
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head

Cranial - CORRECT ANSWER-
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upper portion of head surrounding brain
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Facial - CORRECT ANSWER-face
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cervical - CORRECT ANSWER-neck
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thoracic - CORRECT ANSWER-chest
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axillary - CORRECT ANSWER-armpit
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acromial - CORRECT ANSWER-point of shoulder
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deltoid - CORRECT ANSWER-fleshy portion of shoulder
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brachial - CORRECT ANSWER-upper arm
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antebrachial - CORRECT ANSWER-forearm
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antecubital - CORRECT ANSWER-front of elbow
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carpal - CORRECT ANSWER-wrist
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manual - CORRECT ANSWER-hand
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digital (phalangeal) - CORRECT ANSWER-fingers or toes
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abdominal - CORRECT ANSWER- k k k


region of trunk between diaphragm and pelvis
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