GMS 6530 Hypertension Exam Questions And Accurate
Answers Latest Update
Diuretics - Answer - hydrochlorothiazide
- acute -lower BV
- chronic - lower TPR
- adverse - hypoK, alkalosis, increase LDL, gout, type II diabetes, ED
ACEI - Answer - prils
- lower TPR
- lower aldosterone
- may increase bradykinin & prostaglandin
ACEI side effects - Answer - 1st dose hypotension
- cough (5-20%)
- fetopathic renal impairment
- angioedema
- hyperkalemia
ARBS - Answer - sartans
- blocks ANGII receptors
- lowers TPR
ARBS side effects - Answer - hypotension
- fetopathic potential
hyperkalemia
, CCB - Answer - N, D, V
block L-type channels
decrease TPR - DHPs > D > V
decrease HR - V ≥ D
decrease contractility - V ≥ D
CCB side effects - Answer - edema/fluid retention
headache, flushing, dizziness - hypotension related
bradycardia
reflex tachycardia - DHPs
CCB precautions (V,D) - Answer - SA or AV nodal abnormalities
concurrent BB usage
HF
T1/2 increases with hepatic impairment
DHPs - Answer - dihydropyridines
- amlodipine, felodipine, nimodipine
- less reflex tachycardia
Amlodipine - Answer - slow onset of action
- long half life
Nimodipine - Answer - more cerebral dilation
Aldosterone antagonists - Answer - spironolactone, eplerenone
Answers Latest Update
Diuretics - Answer - hydrochlorothiazide
- acute -lower BV
- chronic - lower TPR
- adverse - hypoK, alkalosis, increase LDL, gout, type II diabetes, ED
ACEI - Answer - prils
- lower TPR
- lower aldosterone
- may increase bradykinin & prostaglandin
ACEI side effects - Answer - 1st dose hypotension
- cough (5-20%)
- fetopathic renal impairment
- angioedema
- hyperkalemia
ARBS - Answer - sartans
- blocks ANGII receptors
- lowers TPR
ARBS side effects - Answer - hypotension
- fetopathic potential
hyperkalemia
, CCB - Answer - N, D, V
block L-type channels
decrease TPR - DHPs > D > V
decrease HR - V ≥ D
decrease contractility - V ≥ D
CCB side effects - Answer - edema/fluid retention
headache, flushing, dizziness - hypotension related
bradycardia
reflex tachycardia - DHPs
CCB precautions (V,D) - Answer - SA or AV nodal abnormalities
concurrent BB usage
HF
T1/2 increases with hepatic impairment
DHPs - Answer - dihydropyridines
- amlodipine, felodipine, nimodipine
- less reflex tachycardia
Amlodipine - Answer - slow onset of action
- long half life
Nimodipine - Answer - more cerebral dilation
Aldosterone antagonists - Answer - spironolactone, eplerenone