NU129 Final Exam With
Complete Solution
Urinary anti-infectives are used only in urinary tract infections. What causes
urinary anti-infectives to be so effective in treating UTIs? - ANSWER They act
specifically within the urinary tract
Urinary tract anti-infectives act specifically within the urinary tract to destroy
bacteria, either through a direct antibiotic effect or through acidification of
the urine. They are not used in systemic infections because they do not attain
therapeutic plasma levels. These drugs are not excreted through the liver,
and they do not sterilize the feces.
The nurse is preparing to administer a sulfonamide to a client when the client
states, "I woke up this morning with a lot of sores in my mouth." What is the
nurse's next best action? - ANSWER "I'm going to contact your health care
provider before I administer your medication."
The nurse should withhold the medication and notify the health care provider
when a client develops an adverse reaction. In this case, the client developed
,numerous mouth sores overnight so it must be addressed before proceeding
with medication administration. The other responses do not state that the
medication should be withheld.
A client who is taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for urinary analgesia along
with nitrofurantoin calls the clinic to report that her sclera appears yellowish.
What is the nurse's best response to this client? - ANSWER "Phenazopyridine
can cause your skin and your sclera to develop a yellowish discoloration."
Explanation: Phenazopyridine may cause a yellowish discoloration of the skin
or sclera. It is not related to the nitrofurantoin, does not indicate the
development of hepatitis, and is not a res... (more)
Phenazopyridine may cause a yellowish discoloration of the skin or sclera. It
is not related to the nitrofurantoin, does not indicate the development of
hepatitis, and is not a result of the urinary tract infection.
A patient has been prescribed a tetracycline drug for Rocky Mountain
spotted fever. The patient also takes antacids. Which of the following effects
is likely to occur due to an interaction between the two drugs? - ANSWER
Decreased absorption of tetracycline
Correct
,Explanation: Interaction of antacids with a tetracycline drug causes decreased
absorption of tetracycline. Increased action of neuromuscular-blocking drugs
and increased profound respiratory de... (more)
Interaction of antacids with a tetracycline drug causes decreased absorption
of tetracycline. Increased action of neuromuscular-blocking drugs and
increased profound respiratory depression are the result of interaction
between neuromuscular-blocking drugs and tetracyclines. Increased risk of
bleeding is a result of interaction between anticoagulants and tetracyclines.
The nurse instructs a patient on sulfonamide therapy to drink a full glass of
water when taking the medication and to also drink at least 8 large glasses of
water each day until therapy is finished. The nurse is trying to prevent which
of the following complications associated with sulfonamide therapy? -
ANSWER Crystalluria
Correct
Explanation: Sulfonamides may cause the urine and skin to take on an
orange-yellow color. Crystalluria may occur during administration of a
sulfonamide. Often this problem can be prevented by i... (more)
, Sulfonamides may cause the urine and skin to take on an orange-yellow
color. Crystalluria may occur during administration of a sulfonamide. Often
this problem can be prevented by increasing fluid intake during treatmeent.
It is important to instruct the patient to drink a full glass of water when
taking an oral sulfonamide and to drink at least 8 large glasses of water each
day until therapy is finished. Although drinking water will prevent
dehydration, this is not a side effect of this type of drug therapy nor is fluid
volume disturbance. There is also no proof that sulfonamides cause
hypokalemia.
(see full question) A nurse is caring for a patient with crystalluria. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse perform to prevent more stones
from forming? - ANSWER Instruct the patient to increase fluid intake to 2000
mL
Correct
Explanation: The nurse should instruct the patient to drink more fluids, so
that the formation of crystals in urine (crystalluria) can be prevented. Unlike
patients with thrombocytopenia, patie... (more)
The nurse should instruct the patient to drink more fluids, so that the
formation of crystals in urine (crystalluria) can be prevented. Unlike patients
with thrombocytopenia, patients with crystalluria do not bruise easily so
Complete Solution
Urinary anti-infectives are used only in urinary tract infections. What causes
urinary anti-infectives to be so effective in treating UTIs? - ANSWER They act
specifically within the urinary tract
Urinary tract anti-infectives act specifically within the urinary tract to destroy
bacteria, either through a direct antibiotic effect or through acidification of
the urine. They are not used in systemic infections because they do not attain
therapeutic plasma levels. These drugs are not excreted through the liver,
and they do not sterilize the feces.
The nurse is preparing to administer a sulfonamide to a client when the client
states, "I woke up this morning with a lot of sores in my mouth." What is the
nurse's next best action? - ANSWER "I'm going to contact your health care
provider before I administer your medication."
The nurse should withhold the medication and notify the health care provider
when a client develops an adverse reaction. In this case, the client developed
,numerous mouth sores overnight so it must be addressed before proceeding
with medication administration. The other responses do not state that the
medication should be withheld.
A client who is taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for urinary analgesia along
with nitrofurantoin calls the clinic to report that her sclera appears yellowish.
What is the nurse's best response to this client? - ANSWER "Phenazopyridine
can cause your skin and your sclera to develop a yellowish discoloration."
Explanation: Phenazopyridine may cause a yellowish discoloration of the skin
or sclera. It is not related to the nitrofurantoin, does not indicate the
development of hepatitis, and is not a res... (more)
Phenazopyridine may cause a yellowish discoloration of the skin or sclera. It
is not related to the nitrofurantoin, does not indicate the development of
hepatitis, and is not a result of the urinary tract infection.
A patient has been prescribed a tetracycline drug for Rocky Mountain
spotted fever. The patient also takes antacids. Which of the following effects
is likely to occur due to an interaction between the two drugs? - ANSWER
Decreased absorption of tetracycline
Correct
,Explanation: Interaction of antacids with a tetracycline drug causes decreased
absorption of tetracycline. Increased action of neuromuscular-blocking drugs
and increased profound respiratory de... (more)
Interaction of antacids with a tetracycline drug causes decreased absorption
of tetracycline. Increased action of neuromuscular-blocking drugs and
increased profound respiratory depression are the result of interaction
between neuromuscular-blocking drugs and tetracyclines. Increased risk of
bleeding is a result of interaction between anticoagulants and tetracyclines.
The nurse instructs a patient on sulfonamide therapy to drink a full glass of
water when taking the medication and to also drink at least 8 large glasses of
water each day until therapy is finished. The nurse is trying to prevent which
of the following complications associated with sulfonamide therapy? -
ANSWER Crystalluria
Correct
Explanation: Sulfonamides may cause the urine and skin to take on an
orange-yellow color. Crystalluria may occur during administration of a
sulfonamide. Often this problem can be prevented by i... (more)
, Sulfonamides may cause the urine and skin to take on an orange-yellow
color. Crystalluria may occur during administration of a sulfonamide. Often
this problem can be prevented by increasing fluid intake during treatmeent.
It is important to instruct the patient to drink a full glass of water when
taking an oral sulfonamide and to drink at least 8 large glasses of water each
day until therapy is finished. Although drinking water will prevent
dehydration, this is not a side effect of this type of drug therapy nor is fluid
volume disturbance. There is also no proof that sulfonamides cause
hypokalemia.
(see full question) A nurse is caring for a patient with crystalluria. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse perform to prevent more stones
from forming? - ANSWER Instruct the patient to increase fluid intake to 2000
mL
Correct
Explanation: The nurse should instruct the patient to drink more fluids, so
that the formation of crystals in urine (crystalluria) can be prevented. Unlike
patients with thrombocytopenia, patie... (more)
The nurse should instruct the patient to drink more fluids, so that the
formation of crystals in urine (crystalluria) can be prevented. Unlike patients
with thrombocytopenia, patients with crystalluria do not bruise easily so
