(NHA) Medical Assisting Certification
Study Guide
CC - Answer- Chief Complaint
Segment - Answer- Line between two waveforms
P Wave - Answer- Arterial Depolarization
How many 1mm boxes are in a 6 second rhythm strip? - Answer- 30 one millimeter
boxes
The SA node represents which waveform on the EKG? - Answer- Only the P wave
What is the reading you can get from the RR interval? - Answer- Ventricular Pulse
What is the primary stage of Hemolysis? - Answer- Vascular phase and platelet
phase together
What is Electrophoresis? - Answer- Analyzation of the chemical components of
blood, e.g. hemoglobin, serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid based on electrical charge.
Positive testing for occult blood in a stool sample turns which color? - Answer- Turns
blue on a positive test for occult blood in feces
The stages of Hemostasis - Answer- 1. Vascular, 2. Platelet Phase, 3. Coagulation
Phase,
4. Fibronolysis
Blood vessels - Answer- Aorta, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venues, Veins,
Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae
Outer connective tissue layer of a blood vessel - Answer- Tunica Adventitia
Inner endothelial tissue of a blood vessel - Answer- Tunica Intima
The inner smooth layer of a blood vessel - Answer- Tunica tunica media
The standards of right and wrong in a medical setting - Answer- Code of Ethics
What do you find in capillaries? - Answer- A mixture of venous and arterial blood is
found
The average adult has how many liters of blood? - Answer- 5-6 Liters
What is the percentage of water in the blood? - Answer- 92%
,Percentage of plasma in the blood? - Answer- 55%
Percentage of formed elements in the blood? - Answer- 45%
99% of formed elements in the blood - Answer- RBC,s or Erythrocytes
Where do you find hemoglobin? - Answer- RBC,s
Where do all blood cells originate? - Answer- Bone marrow
How many RBC,s per microliter of blood - Answer- 4.2-6.2 million
What is the second most numerous WBC - Answer- Lymphocyte with 20-40%
Their numbers increase in intracellular infections and TB - Answer- Monocytes
Their numbers increase in bacterial infections and are often first on the scene -
Answer- Neutrophils
These WBC,s play an important role in viral infection as well as in immunity -
Answer- Lymphocytes
Number of leukocytes for average adult per microliter - Answer- 5000-10000
Leukopenia - Answer- Decrease in WBC,s seen with viral infection and leukemia
Comprises 3-8% of WBC or leukocytes - Answer- Monocytes
Largest in size of the leukocytes - Answer- Monocytes
Carries histamine - Answer- Basophil
Injury to a blood vessel that causes it to constrict, slowing the clod of blood. -
Answer- Vascular phase of Hemostasis
Preferred site for a venipuncture - Answer- Antecubital Fossa
Test used to evaluate the intrinsic pathway and monitor heparin therapy - Answer-
APTT also know as PTT
Test used to evaluate the extrinsic pathway and also used to monitor warfarin
therapy - Answer- PT
Fibrinolysis - Answer- Breakdown and removal of a clot
Converts the temporary platelet plug in a stable fibrin clot - Answer- Coagulation
Phase
2nd choice vein for venipuncture and most often the only one palatable in an obese
Pt. - Answer- Cephalic vein
, Antiseptics used in Phlebotomy - Answer- 70% isopropyl alcohol pads most
common, provolone - iodine for BC,s and Chlorhexidine gluconate for patients that
are allergic to Betadine/ Iodine
Length of needle commonly used in venipuncture - Answer- 1 inch (up to 1.5")
Average gauge of needle used for drawing blood - Answer- 21-22
Gauge of needle that can cause hemolysis - Answer- smaller than 23 gauge
3 skills of the phlebotomist - Answer- Social, clerical, technical
Analytical errors during collection of blood - Answer- Extended tourniquet time,
hemolysis, wrong order of draw, failure to invert tubes, faulty technique under filling
tubes
Analytical errors before collection of blood - Answer- Patient misidentification,
improper time, wrong tubes, not fasting, exercise (Cortisol levels), Pt. Posture, Poor
coordination with other treatments, improper site prep, medication interference
Analytical errors After collection of blood - Answer- Failure to separate serum from
cell (Glycolisis), improper use of serum separator (Not inverting tubes or not spinning
tubes), delays in processing, exposure to light, improper storage conditions, dimming
clots
Fistula - Answer- Permanent surgical connection between an artery and a vein,
never used for venipuncture
Edima - Answer- Accumulation of fluid in tissue
Thrombophlebitis - Answer- Inflammation of a blood clot formation
Explanation of Hemoconcentration - Answer- The increase in proportion of formed
elements to plasma caused by leaving on the tourniquet for more than two minutes
Consequence of insufficient pressure applied after withdrawal of a needle - Answer-
Thrombus
Additives in a green top tube - Answer- Heparin, sodium, lithium, ammonium
Why is the green top tube never used for hematology? - Answer- Green tops additive
heparin interferes with the Wright's stained blood test
Common tests for the lavender EDTA tube - Answer- CBC, differential or diff, ESR,
sickle cell screening
Common tests for this color tube are Chemistry tests performed on plasma such as
ammonia, carboxyhemoglobin and STAT electrolytes - Answer- Green top tube
(Heparin) tests
Study Guide
CC - Answer- Chief Complaint
Segment - Answer- Line between two waveforms
P Wave - Answer- Arterial Depolarization
How many 1mm boxes are in a 6 second rhythm strip? - Answer- 30 one millimeter
boxes
The SA node represents which waveform on the EKG? - Answer- Only the P wave
What is the reading you can get from the RR interval? - Answer- Ventricular Pulse
What is the primary stage of Hemolysis? - Answer- Vascular phase and platelet
phase together
What is Electrophoresis? - Answer- Analyzation of the chemical components of
blood, e.g. hemoglobin, serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid based on electrical charge.
Positive testing for occult blood in a stool sample turns which color? - Answer- Turns
blue on a positive test for occult blood in feces
The stages of Hemostasis - Answer- 1. Vascular, 2. Platelet Phase, 3. Coagulation
Phase,
4. Fibronolysis
Blood vessels - Answer- Aorta, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venues, Veins,
Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae
Outer connective tissue layer of a blood vessel - Answer- Tunica Adventitia
Inner endothelial tissue of a blood vessel - Answer- Tunica Intima
The inner smooth layer of a blood vessel - Answer- Tunica tunica media
The standards of right and wrong in a medical setting - Answer- Code of Ethics
What do you find in capillaries? - Answer- A mixture of venous and arterial blood is
found
The average adult has how many liters of blood? - Answer- 5-6 Liters
What is the percentage of water in the blood? - Answer- 92%
,Percentage of plasma in the blood? - Answer- 55%
Percentage of formed elements in the blood? - Answer- 45%
99% of formed elements in the blood - Answer- RBC,s or Erythrocytes
Where do you find hemoglobin? - Answer- RBC,s
Where do all blood cells originate? - Answer- Bone marrow
How many RBC,s per microliter of blood - Answer- 4.2-6.2 million
What is the second most numerous WBC - Answer- Lymphocyte with 20-40%
Their numbers increase in intracellular infections and TB - Answer- Monocytes
Their numbers increase in bacterial infections and are often first on the scene -
Answer- Neutrophils
These WBC,s play an important role in viral infection as well as in immunity -
Answer- Lymphocytes
Number of leukocytes for average adult per microliter - Answer- 5000-10000
Leukopenia - Answer- Decrease in WBC,s seen with viral infection and leukemia
Comprises 3-8% of WBC or leukocytes - Answer- Monocytes
Largest in size of the leukocytes - Answer- Monocytes
Carries histamine - Answer- Basophil
Injury to a blood vessel that causes it to constrict, slowing the clod of blood. -
Answer- Vascular phase of Hemostasis
Preferred site for a venipuncture - Answer- Antecubital Fossa
Test used to evaluate the intrinsic pathway and monitor heparin therapy - Answer-
APTT also know as PTT
Test used to evaluate the extrinsic pathway and also used to monitor warfarin
therapy - Answer- PT
Fibrinolysis - Answer- Breakdown and removal of a clot
Converts the temporary platelet plug in a stable fibrin clot - Answer- Coagulation
Phase
2nd choice vein for venipuncture and most often the only one palatable in an obese
Pt. - Answer- Cephalic vein
, Antiseptics used in Phlebotomy - Answer- 70% isopropyl alcohol pads most
common, provolone - iodine for BC,s and Chlorhexidine gluconate for patients that
are allergic to Betadine/ Iodine
Length of needle commonly used in venipuncture - Answer- 1 inch (up to 1.5")
Average gauge of needle used for drawing blood - Answer- 21-22
Gauge of needle that can cause hemolysis - Answer- smaller than 23 gauge
3 skills of the phlebotomist - Answer- Social, clerical, technical
Analytical errors during collection of blood - Answer- Extended tourniquet time,
hemolysis, wrong order of draw, failure to invert tubes, faulty technique under filling
tubes
Analytical errors before collection of blood - Answer- Patient misidentification,
improper time, wrong tubes, not fasting, exercise (Cortisol levels), Pt. Posture, Poor
coordination with other treatments, improper site prep, medication interference
Analytical errors After collection of blood - Answer- Failure to separate serum from
cell (Glycolisis), improper use of serum separator (Not inverting tubes or not spinning
tubes), delays in processing, exposure to light, improper storage conditions, dimming
clots
Fistula - Answer- Permanent surgical connection between an artery and a vein,
never used for venipuncture
Edima - Answer- Accumulation of fluid in tissue
Thrombophlebitis - Answer- Inflammation of a blood clot formation
Explanation of Hemoconcentration - Answer- The increase in proportion of formed
elements to plasma caused by leaving on the tourniquet for more than two minutes
Consequence of insufficient pressure applied after withdrawal of a needle - Answer-
Thrombus
Additives in a green top tube - Answer- Heparin, sodium, lithium, ammonium
Why is the green top tube never used for hematology? - Answer- Green tops additive
heparin interferes with the Wright's stained blood test
Common tests for the lavender EDTA tube - Answer- CBC, differential or diff, ESR,
sickle cell screening
Common tests for this color tube are Chemistry tests performed on plasma such as
ammonia, carboxyhemoglobin and STAT electrolytes - Answer- Green top tube
(Heparin) tests
