ATI Fundamentals Exam 2021/2022 (70 Questions with
100% VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS) 2024 version
1. A nurse is reinforcing information with a client who wishes to complete their advance
directives. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
a) “You must have advance directives in place in order to refuse recommended
treatment.”
b) “An attorney is needed in order for you to name a designee in your health care
proxy.”
c) “You can decline to have certain medical procedures performed in your living will.”
d) “A living will can be an oral statement that you agree upon with your provider.”
2. A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis.
Which of the following precautions should the nurse make?
a) Have the client’s visitors put on a gown before entering the room.
b) Escort the client to a room with a negative airglow.
c) Prohibit fresh flowers and plants in the client’s room.
d) Wear a surgical mask when giving the client direct care.
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is premenopausal. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates in understanding of the teaching?
a) “I should stop receiving Papanicolaou tests once I reach menopause.”
b) “The best time to perform a breast self-examination is on the first day of my period.”
c) “I can expect to have regular periods until I am in menopause.”
d) “I might have headaches due to a decline in my estrogen levels.”
4. A nurse in a provider’s office is calculating a client’s BMI. Which of the following pieces
of the client data should the nurse use as a part of the calculation?
a) Daily calorie intake
b) Height
c) Abdominal girth
d) Blood pressure
A nurse is preparing to anchor with tape the catheter tube for a male client who has a newly inserted
indwelling urinary catheter. At which of the following locations should the nurse tape the catheter?
A. Lateral thigh
B. Lower abdomen
C. Medial thigh
,D. Mid-abdominal region - Answer- B. Lower abdomen
The nurse should secure with tape the client's indwelling urinary catheter to the lower abdomen or the
upper aspect of the thigh to eliminate the penoscrotal angle and prevent tissue injury.
5. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the use of a peak flow meter. Which of
the following actions should the nurse make first?
a) Determine the client’s knowledge of the use of the peak flow meter.
b) Show the client a video demonstration of peak flow meter use.
c) Observe the client using the peak flow meter.
d) Emphasize the importance of the daily use of the peak flow meter.
6. A nurse is collecting data about a client’s oral care. The client wears dentures and reports
having mouth sores. The nurse should identify which of the following oral care practices
by the client as a possible cause of the mouth sores?
a) Soaks dentures in water after removal.
b) Applies an adhesive to seal dentures in place.
c) Wears dentures while sleeping at night.
d) Rinses dentures after meals.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication from an ampule. Which of the following
is an appropriate action for the nurse to make?
a) Inject air into the ampule prior to drawing the medication into a syringe.
b) Add 0.5 mL of diluent to the medication.
c) Cleanse the tip of the ampule with an alcohol swab after opening.
d) Use a filter needle to aspirate the medication.
A nurse is performing eye irrigation for a client who was exposed to smoke and ash. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Hold the irrigator 1.25 cm (0.5 in) above the eye
B. Direct the irrigation solution upward toward the upper eyelid
C. Exert pressure on the bony prominences when holding the eyelid open.
D. Direct the irrigation from the outer canthus to the inner canthus of the eye - Answer- C. Exert
pressure on the bony prominences.
The nurse should hold the upper lid against the eyebrow and the lower lid against the cheekbone when
irrigating the eye.
Other Rationales:
The nurse should hold the irrigator 2.5 cm (1 in) above the eye to prevent the irrigator from touching the
eye and to prevent the solution from damaging the eye tissue.
The nurse should direct the irrigation solution onto the lower conjunctiva sac to prevent injuring the
cornea and having contaminated fluid flow down the nasolacrimal duct.
The nurse should direct the irrigation solution from the inner canthus to the outer canthus of the eye to
prevent injuring the cornea and having contaminated fluid flow down the nasolacrimal duct.
,A nurse is preparing to remove an NG tube for a client who had a partial colectomy. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Maintain suction while removing the NG tube.
B. Instill 100 mL of air into the NG tube before removal.
C. Pinch the NG tube while removing the tube.
D. Instruct the client to breathe in and out during the removal of the NG tube. - Answer- C. Pinch the
NG tube while removing the tube.
The nurse should pinch the NG tube while removing the tube to decrease the risk of aspiration of any
gastric contents.
Other Rationales:
The nurse should disconnect the NG tube from the suction apparatus before removal to decrease injury
to the gastrointestinal mucosa.
The nurse should instill 50 mL of air into the tube to clear the contents of gastric drainage and decrease
the risk of aspiration on removal of the tube.
The nurse should instruct the client to take a deep breath and to hold it during the removal of the NG
tube to close off the glottis and decrease the risk of aspiration of any gastric contents.
Eye Charts
1. Snellen
- Stand 20 ft away
2. Rosenbaum
- Stand 14 inches away
SAFTEY IS BIG ON THIS ATI!
Factors that affect the patient's ability to protect themselves
- Age
- Mobility
- Cognitive and sensory awareness
- Emotional state
- Ability to communicate
- Lifestyle
- Safety Awareness
Fall Risk
- Decreased visual acuity
- Generalized weakness
- Urinary frequency
- Gait and balance problems (Cerebral palsy, MS, Parkinsons)
- Cognitive dysfunction
- Medication side effects
, Seizure precautions
- Have oxygen, suction, oral airway at bedside
- Padded side rails
- Saline locked IV for immediate access (High risk patients)
- Rapid intervention to maintain airway patency.
- Clutter free environment
- Make sure everyone (family too) knows that if pt. has a seizure, to not put anything in their mouth
during seizure. *Only thing that would go in mouth during seizure is airway for status epilepticus.
- During seizure do not restrain pt. Lower pt. to floor or bed and protect pt. head. Remove nearby
furniture. Put patient on side with head flexed slightly forward if possible and loosen his clothing.
How would you help prevent falls for a patient with orthostatic hypotension?
- Avoid getting up to quickly
- Sit on the side of the bed for a few seconds prior to standing
- Stand at the side of the bed a few seconds prior to walking
Seclusion and Restraints
- When everything else fails (orientation to environment, family member, sitter, diversional activities,
electronic devices) is when you use restraints.
- Provider must prescribe after seeing the patient face to face
Provider prescription for restraints must include what?
- Reason for restraints
- Type of restraints
- Location of restraints
- How long to use restraints
- Type of behavior that warrants restraints
- Prescription only last 4 hours for an adult. Providers may renew these prescriptions with a
maximum of 24 consecutive hours.
Restraints in an emergency situation
- When there is an immediate risk to the patient or others, nurses may place restraints on patient.
- The nurse must then obtain a prescription from the provider ASAP, usually within 1 hour.
Nursing Responsibilities for patients in restraints
- Explain the need for restraints to pt. and family. They are for safety and are temporary.
- Ask pt. or guardian to sign consent form.
- Assess skin integrity and provide skin care according to hospital protocol, usually Q2.
- Offer fluid and food.
- Provide means for hygiene and elimination.
- Monitor Vitals
- Offer range of motion exercises of extremities.
100% VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS) 2024 version
1. A nurse is reinforcing information with a client who wishes to complete their advance
directives. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
a) “You must have advance directives in place in order to refuse recommended
treatment.”
b) “An attorney is needed in order for you to name a designee in your health care
proxy.”
c) “You can decline to have certain medical procedures performed in your living will.”
d) “A living will can be an oral statement that you agree upon with your provider.”
2. A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis.
Which of the following precautions should the nurse make?
a) Have the client’s visitors put on a gown before entering the room.
b) Escort the client to a room with a negative airglow.
c) Prohibit fresh flowers and plants in the client’s room.
d) Wear a surgical mask when giving the client direct care.
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is premenopausal. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates in understanding of the teaching?
a) “I should stop receiving Papanicolaou tests once I reach menopause.”
b) “The best time to perform a breast self-examination is on the first day of my period.”
c) “I can expect to have regular periods until I am in menopause.”
d) “I might have headaches due to a decline in my estrogen levels.”
4. A nurse in a provider’s office is calculating a client’s BMI. Which of the following pieces
of the client data should the nurse use as a part of the calculation?
a) Daily calorie intake
b) Height
c) Abdominal girth
d) Blood pressure
A nurse is preparing to anchor with tape the catheter tube for a male client who has a newly inserted
indwelling urinary catheter. At which of the following locations should the nurse tape the catheter?
A. Lateral thigh
B. Lower abdomen
C. Medial thigh
,D. Mid-abdominal region - Answer- B. Lower abdomen
The nurse should secure with tape the client's indwelling urinary catheter to the lower abdomen or the
upper aspect of the thigh to eliminate the penoscrotal angle and prevent tissue injury.
5. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the use of a peak flow meter. Which of
the following actions should the nurse make first?
a) Determine the client’s knowledge of the use of the peak flow meter.
b) Show the client a video demonstration of peak flow meter use.
c) Observe the client using the peak flow meter.
d) Emphasize the importance of the daily use of the peak flow meter.
6. A nurse is collecting data about a client’s oral care. The client wears dentures and reports
having mouth sores. The nurse should identify which of the following oral care practices
by the client as a possible cause of the mouth sores?
a) Soaks dentures in water after removal.
b) Applies an adhesive to seal dentures in place.
c) Wears dentures while sleeping at night.
d) Rinses dentures after meals.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication from an ampule. Which of the following
is an appropriate action for the nurse to make?
a) Inject air into the ampule prior to drawing the medication into a syringe.
b) Add 0.5 mL of diluent to the medication.
c) Cleanse the tip of the ampule with an alcohol swab after opening.
d) Use a filter needle to aspirate the medication.
A nurse is performing eye irrigation for a client who was exposed to smoke and ash. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Hold the irrigator 1.25 cm (0.5 in) above the eye
B. Direct the irrigation solution upward toward the upper eyelid
C. Exert pressure on the bony prominences when holding the eyelid open.
D. Direct the irrigation from the outer canthus to the inner canthus of the eye - Answer- C. Exert
pressure on the bony prominences.
The nurse should hold the upper lid against the eyebrow and the lower lid against the cheekbone when
irrigating the eye.
Other Rationales:
The nurse should hold the irrigator 2.5 cm (1 in) above the eye to prevent the irrigator from touching the
eye and to prevent the solution from damaging the eye tissue.
The nurse should direct the irrigation solution onto the lower conjunctiva sac to prevent injuring the
cornea and having contaminated fluid flow down the nasolacrimal duct.
The nurse should direct the irrigation solution from the inner canthus to the outer canthus of the eye to
prevent injuring the cornea and having contaminated fluid flow down the nasolacrimal duct.
,A nurse is preparing to remove an NG tube for a client who had a partial colectomy. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Maintain suction while removing the NG tube.
B. Instill 100 mL of air into the NG tube before removal.
C. Pinch the NG tube while removing the tube.
D. Instruct the client to breathe in and out during the removal of the NG tube. - Answer- C. Pinch the
NG tube while removing the tube.
The nurse should pinch the NG tube while removing the tube to decrease the risk of aspiration of any
gastric contents.
Other Rationales:
The nurse should disconnect the NG tube from the suction apparatus before removal to decrease injury
to the gastrointestinal mucosa.
The nurse should instill 50 mL of air into the tube to clear the contents of gastric drainage and decrease
the risk of aspiration on removal of the tube.
The nurse should instruct the client to take a deep breath and to hold it during the removal of the NG
tube to close off the glottis and decrease the risk of aspiration of any gastric contents.
Eye Charts
1. Snellen
- Stand 20 ft away
2. Rosenbaum
- Stand 14 inches away
SAFTEY IS BIG ON THIS ATI!
Factors that affect the patient's ability to protect themselves
- Age
- Mobility
- Cognitive and sensory awareness
- Emotional state
- Ability to communicate
- Lifestyle
- Safety Awareness
Fall Risk
- Decreased visual acuity
- Generalized weakness
- Urinary frequency
- Gait and balance problems (Cerebral palsy, MS, Parkinsons)
- Cognitive dysfunction
- Medication side effects
, Seizure precautions
- Have oxygen, suction, oral airway at bedside
- Padded side rails
- Saline locked IV for immediate access (High risk patients)
- Rapid intervention to maintain airway patency.
- Clutter free environment
- Make sure everyone (family too) knows that if pt. has a seizure, to not put anything in their mouth
during seizure. *Only thing that would go in mouth during seizure is airway for status epilepticus.
- During seizure do not restrain pt. Lower pt. to floor or bed and protect pt. head. Remove nearby
furniture. Put patient on side with head flexed slightly forward if possible and loosen his clothing.
How would you help prevent falls for a patient with orthostatic hypotension?
- Avoid getting up to quickly
- Sit on the side of the bed for a few seconds prior to standing
- Stand at the side of the bed a few seconds prior to walking
Seclusion and Restraints
- When everything else fails (orientation to environment, family member, sitter, diversional activities,
electronic devices) is when you use restraints.
- Provider must prescribe after seeing the patient face to face
Provider prescription for restraints must include what?
- Reason for restraints
- Type of restraints
- Location of restraints
- How long to use restraints
- Type of behavior that warrants restraints
- Prescription only last 4 hours for an adult. Providers may renew these prescriptions with a
maximum of 24 consecutive hours.
Restraints in an emergency situation
- When there is an immediate risk to the patient or others, nurses may place restraints on patient.
- The nurse must then obtain a prescription from the provider ASAP, usually within 1 hour.
Nursing Responsibilities for patients in restraints
- Explain the need for restraints to pt. and family. They are for safety and are temporary.
- Ask pt. or guardian to sign consent form.
- Assess skin integrity and provide skin care according to hospital protocol, usually Q2.
- Offer fluid and food.
- Provide means for hygiene and elimination.
- Monitor Vitals
- Offer range of motion exercises of extremities.
