ASCP MLT CHEMISTRY EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES

ASCP MLT CHEMISTRY EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES Which element in proteins differentiates substance from carbohydrates and lipids? - Answer️️ -nitrogen What proteins is soluble in water? - Answer️️ -albumin How are amino acids joined together to form a chain like structure? - Answer️️ - peptide bonding Proteins may become denatured when subjected to? - Answer️️ -mechanical agitation, heat, chemical treatments What does denaturation of proteins refer to? - Answer️️ -alteration in tertiary structure Which aminoacidopathy is NOT caused by an enzyme deficiency? - Answer️️ - cystinuria How many immunoglobulin classes are currently recognized? - Answer️️ -five which reagent is employed in the serum protein determination? - Answer️️ -biuret What should hemolyzed serum not be used for total protein analysis? - Answer️️ - hemoglobin is absorbed at the same wavelength as protein in the reagent What is NOT true of the biuret reaction? - Answer️️ -is relatively free from interference by lipids and hemoglobin TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 Why is bromcresol purple the preferred indicator for albumin dye binding techniques? - Answer️️ -there is less interference from pigment (s) What is the most anodic protein on electrophoresis at pH 8.6? - Answer️️ -albumin A serum protein electrophoretic pattern displaying a beta gamma bridge or broad gamma is seen in which disease state? - Answer️️ -acute inflammation If an electrophoretic pattern shows 30% albumin, 4%-10% alpha-globulin, 4-10% beta- globulin, and 45% gamma-globulin, then what condition may exist in the patient? - Answer️️ -monoclonal gammopathy Glycoproteins and mucoproteins are usually bound to which substance? - Answer️️ - carbohydrates Name some glycoproteins? - Answer️️ -ceruloplasmin, follicle-stimulating hormone, cryoglobulin What applies to cryoglobulins? - Answer️️ -they are temperature-sensitive proteins What is true of albumen? - Answer️️ -it is produced in the liver and it is water soluble Decreased alpha-fetoprotein values are associated with what condition? - Answer️️ - Down Syndrome What protein transports iron? - Answer️️ -transferrin In acute renal failure, what non protein nitrogen rises the fastest? - Answer️️ -blood urea nitrogen TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 By the urease method, urea is enzymatically converted to which end product? - Answer️️ -ammonia Why can untreated urine be used for the determination of urea by the diacetyl monoxime method? - Answer️️ -The method is not measureing ammonia An elevated creatinine value is most likely to be accompanied by what values? - Answer️️ -elevated blood urea nitrogen, 10X creatinine value What is the classical method for creatinine reaction? - Answer️️ -Jaffe The measurement of creatinine is based on the formation of a yellow-red color and which reagent? - Answer️️ -titan yellow The creatinine clearance test is based on what assumption? - Answer️️ -Creatinine passes into the ultrafiltrate What is the most common clearance test used to measure the glomerular filtration rate? - Answer️️ -creatinine Creatinine clearance formula - Answer️️ -UV/P or UV/P (1.73/correction factor) 1440 mls/min A creatinine clearance test is performed. The 24-hour urine volume is 770 mL; serum creatinine is 2.0 mg/dL and urine creatinine is 240 mg/dL. What is the clearance, assuming average body surface area? - Answer️️ -64 mL/minute TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 What disease state is associated with an elevation of serum uric acid? - Answer️️ - gout Which reagent is employed in the alkaline oxidation of uric acid? - Answer️️ - phosphotungistic acid What does the uricase method for uric acid depend on? - Answer️️ -ultraviolet absorption at 290 nm before/after treatment with uricase Which analytes is used as a prognostic indicator for liver failure? - Answer️️ -ammonia Which disaccharide is composed of two glucose molecules? - Answer️️ -maltose What term is used to describe the process of glycogen degradation? - Answer️️ - glycogenolysis What is the renal threshold for glucose? - Answer️️ -140-160 mg/dL Which hormone is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans? - Answer️️ - insulin What hormones is considered a glucocorticoid? - Answer️️ -cortisol A 40-year-old male has a random glucose of 470 mg/dL. This lab finding is consistent with what clinical conditions? - Answer️️ -DIABETES MELLITUS What disease is associated with hypoglycemia? - Answer️️ -von Gierke's disease What is the specimen of choice for glucose determinations? - Answer️️ -fluorinated plasma TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 What is the most frequently employed automated method for glucose? - Answer️️ - coupled enzyme system consisting of glucose oxidse and peroxidase Contamination of the glucose reagent with catalase is a problem with what glucose method? - Answer️️ -glucose oxidase What is the hexokinase methodology for glucose determination based on? - Answer️️ - coupled enzymatic reaction consisting of oxidase and peroxidase What is the normal fasting blood glucose reference range for adults? - Answer️️ -70- 110 mg/dL Prenatal patients with borderline blood glucose levels are further evaluate