NU 410 Exam 2 Guide With
Complete Solution
Eight rights of pediatric medication - ANSWER - Right medication
- Right patient
- Right time
- Right route of administration
- Right dose
- Right documentation
- Right to be educated
- Right to refuse
oral medication absorption in children - ANSWER lower gastric emptying,
increased intestinal motility, a proportionately larger small intestine surface
area, higher gastric pH, and decreased lipase and amylase secretion
compared with adults
IM medication absorption in children - ANSWER decreased due to smaller
muscle mass, muscle tone
subQ medication absorption in children - ANSWER decreased
topical absorption of medications - ANSWER increased due to greater body
surface area and greater permeability of infant's skin
Developmentally Appropriate Explanations for Medications for Children -
,ANSWER - Why the drug is needed
- What the child will experience
- What is expected of the child
- How the parents can participate and support their child
- share information before during and after procedures
Determining Children's Doses by Body Weight - ANSWER - Weigh the child.
- Check a drug reference for the safe dose range (e.g., 10 to 20 mg/kg of
body weight).
- Calculate the low safe dose.
- Calculate the high safe dose.
- Determine if the dose ordered is within this range.
oral medications for children - ANSWER Direct to posterior
Allow time to swallow
Elevate at least 45 degrees
Tell child med is in Food. Don't Put in a Bottle!
NO forcing
No pinching nose (unless child wants to pinch their own nose)
Mom can blow in child's face. However, not the RN
rectal administration in children - ANSWER - Not a preferred route due to
,erratic & unpredictable absorption; invasive method of administration
- vomiting or NPO
- Use age-appropriate explanations & reassurance
- Lubricate suppository, have child in side-lying position
- Insert above anal sphincter - use 5th finger for child less than 3 years; use
index finger for older child
- Hold buttocks together for several minutes
- If child has bowel movement within 30 min after administration, observe
stool for suppository, notify physician if observed to see if sup should be
re-admin
Ophthalmic Administration - ANSWER Supine, hyper-extended neck, heel of
hand on forehead, Wear gloves, place in the conjunctival sac
ear medication administration - ANSWER Pinna up & back if over 3 years
Pinna down & back if less than 3 years
nasal drop administration - ANSWER Remain hyperextended 1 min
IM med admin - ANSWER Vastus lateralis -preferred for peds patients
, Ventrogluteal - Must have been walking for at least one year. Some research
says school age
Deltoid - Used as site in children older than 3 or with enough muscle mass
Dorsogluteal - Not recommended anymore
Subcutaneous administration - ANSWER - Distributes medication into the
fatty layers of the body
- Insulin administration, heparin, and certain immunizations, such as MMR
intradermal administration - ANSWER - Deposits medication just under the
epidermis
- Tuberculosis screening and allergy testing
IV sites in pediatrics - ANSWER -frontal
-superficial temporal
-occipital
-external jugular
-cephalic
-basilic
-dorsal arch
-digital
Complete Solution
Eight rights of pediatric medication - ANSWER - Right medication
- Right patient
- Right time
- Right route of administration
- Right dose
- Right documentation
- Right to be educated
- Right to refuse
oral medication absorption in children - ANSWER lower gastric emptying,
increased intestinal motility, a proportionately larger small intestine surface
area, higher gastric pH, and decreased lipase and amylase secretion
compared with adults
IM medication absorption in children - ANSWER decreased due to smaller
muscle mass, muscle tone
subQ medication absorption in children - ANSWER decreased
topical absorption of medications - ANSWER increased due to greater body
surface area and greater permeability of infant's skin
Developmentally Appropriate Explanations for Medications for Children -
,ANSWER - Why the drug is needed
- What the child will experience
- What is expected of the child
- How the parents can participate and support their child
- share information before during and after procedures
Determining Children's Doses by Body Weight - ANSWER - Weigh the child.
- Check a drug reference for the safe dose range (e.g., 10 to 20 mg/kg of
body weight).
- Calculate the low safe dose.
- Calculate the high safe dose.
- Determine if the dose ordered is within this range.
oral medications for children - ANSWER Direct to posterior
Allow time to swallow
Elevate at least 45 degrees
Tell child med is in Food. Don't Put in a Bottle!
NO forcing
No pinching nose (unless child wants to pinch their own nose)
Mom can blow in child's face. However, not the RN
rectal administration in children - ANSWER - Not a preferred route due to
,erratic & unpredictable absorption; invasive method of administration
- vomiting or NPO
- Use age-appropriate explanations & reassurance
- Lubricate suppository, have child in side-lying position
- Insert above anal sphincter - use 5th finger for child less than 3 years; use
index finger for older child
- Hold buttocks together for several minutes
- If child has bowel movement within 30 min after administration, observe
stool for suppository, notify physician if observed to see if sup should be
re-admin
Ophthalmic Administration - ANSWER Supine, hyper-extended neck, heel of
hand on forehead, Wear gloves, place in the conjunctival sac
ear medication administration - ANSWER Pinna up & back if over 3 years
Pinna down & back if less than 3 years
nasal drop administration - ANSWER Remain hyperextended 1 min
IM med admin - ANSWER Vastus lateralis -preferred for peds patients
, Ventrogluteal - Must have been walking for at least one year. Some research
says school age
Deltoid - Used as site in children older than 3 or with enough muscle mass
Dorsogluteal - Not recommended anymore
Subcutaneous administration - ANSWER - Distributes medication into the
fatty layers of the body
- Insulin administration, heparin, and certain immunizations, such as MMR
intradermal administration - ANSWER - Deposits medication just under the
epidermis
- Tuberculosis screening and allergy testing
IV sites in pediatrics - ANSWER -frontal
-superficial temporal
-occipital
-external jugular
-cephalic
-basilic
-dorsal arch
-digital
