BIO GENETICS 210 FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS |ACCURATE
ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS
What are deleterious genes and list one example - ANSWER>>alleles whose
phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle -
short legs
Genetics - ANSWER>>The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as - ANSWER>>"Father of Genetics"
What plant did Gregor Mendel study? - ANSWER>>peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they
looking for or at differently) - ANSWER>>1. Picked easy organism to experiment
2. Picked plant that was diploid
3. Picked traits that were simply inherited
4. Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples - ANSWER>>The betterment of
an organism;
1. bigger
2. smaller
3. faster
4. hairless
5. quicker weight gain
Who created the term "genetics?' - ANSWER>>William Batesone
,What is a chromosome? - ANSWER>>a DNA molecule composed of RNA and
proteins to form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis
(contains the genes)
What is located on a chromosome? - ANSWER>>genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand? - ANSWER>>double
helix
Define DNA - ANSWER>>Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes up
a chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA - ANSWER>>Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together? - ANSWER>>Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle - ANSWER>>Dominant - polled
Recessive - horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens - ANSWER>>Dominant - feathered shanks
Recessive - clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Horses - ANSWER>>Dominant - smooth hair
Recessive - curly hair
,List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs - ANSWER>>Dominant - wire hair
Recessive - smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats - ANSWER>>Dominant - short hair
Recessive - long hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Tomato - ANSWER>>Dominant - small fruit
Recessive - large fruit
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Seed color - ANSWER>>yellow, green
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Flower color - ANSWER>>purple, white
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Seed shape - ANSWER>>round, wrinkled
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Pod color - ANSWER>>green, yellow
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Pod shape - ANSWER>>inflated, constricted
, List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Flower position - ANSWER>>axial, terminal
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Plant height - ANSWER>>tall, dwarf
What is a testcross? - ANSWER>>A cross between an individual whose genotype
at one or more loci may be unknown and an individual who is homozygous
recessive of the genes in question
What is the genotype of the parental cross (in a monohybrid) for a testcross? -
ANSWER>>G? x gg
List the resulting phenotypic and genotypic ratios of a testcross -
ANSWER>>Alternative 1 - PR all have same phenotype of dominant trait; GR all
have the same heterozygous genotype Gg
Alternative 2 - PR 1:1 half have dominant trait and half recessive trait, GR 1:1 half
heterozygous, half homozygous recessive
What does a test cross hope to confirm about one of the parents? -
ANSWER>>determine is the unknown parent is homozygous dominant or
heterozygous
What ratio does epistasis effect? - ANSWER>>phenotypic ratio
What generation does epistasis effect? - ANSWER>>F2
List 3 commonly affected ratios as a result of epistasis - ANSWER>>13:3
9:6:1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS |ACCURATE
ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS
What are deleterious genes and list one example - ANSWER>>alleles whose
phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle -
short legs
Genetics - ANSWER>>The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as - ANSWER>>"Father of Genetics"
What plant did Gregor Mendel study? - ANSWER>>peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they
looking for or at differently) - ANSWER>>1. Picked easy organism to experiment
2. Picked plant that was diploid
3. Picked traits that were simply inherited
4. Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples - ANSWER>>The betterment of
an organism;
1. bigger
2. smaller
3. faster
4. hairless
5. quicker weight gain
Who created the term "genetics?' - ANSWER>>William Batesone
,What is a chromosome? - ANSWER>>a DNA molecule composed of RNA and
proteins to form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis
(contains the genes)
What is located on a chromosome? - ANSWER>>genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand? - ANSWER>>double
helix
Define DNA - ANSWER>>Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes up
a chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA - ANSWER>>Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together? - ANSWER>>Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle - ANSWER>>Dominant - polled
Recessive - horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens - ANSWER>>Dominant - feathered shanks
Recessive - clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Horses - ANSWER>>Dominant - smooth hair
Recessive - curly hair
,List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs - ANSWER>>Dominant - wire hair
Recessive - smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats - ANSWER>>Dominant - short hair
Recessive - long hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Tomato - ANSWER>>Dominant - small fruit
Recessive - large fruit
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Seed color - ANSWER>>yellow, green
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Flower color - ANSWER>>purple, white
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Seed shape - ANSWER>>round, wrinkled
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Pod color - ANSWER>>green, yellow
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Pod shape - ANSWER>>inflated, constricted
, List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Flower position - ANSWER>>axial, terminal
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Plant height - ANSWER>>tall, dwarf
What is a testcross? - ANSWER>>A cross between an individual whose genotype
at one or more loci may be unknown and an individual who is homozygous
recessive of the genes in question
What is the genotype of the parental cross (in a monohybrid) for a testcross? -
ANSWER>>G? x gg
List the resulting phenotypic and genotypic ratios of a testcross -
ANSWER>>Alternative 1 - PR all have same phenotype of dominant trait; GR all
have the same heterozygous genotype Gg
Alternative 2 - PR 1:1 half have dominant trait and half recessive trait, GR 1:1 half
heterozygous, half homozygous recessive
What does a test cross hope to confirm about one of the parents? -
ANSWER>>determine is the unknown parent is homozygous dominant or
heterozygous
What ratio does epistasis effect? - ANSWER>>phenotypic ratio
What generation does epistasis effect? - ANSWER>>F2
List 3 commonly affected ratios as a result of epistasis - ANSWER>>13:3
9:6:1
