Chapter 01 9e Maxfield
Complete Chapters Included ✅
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Much of our knowledge is based on agreement rather than on direct experience.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. We can understand something by knowing the why before the what.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
3. Inquiry is hindered when we depend on the authority of experts who are speaking outside their realm of
expertise.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. Casual human inquiry is a more rigorous way of investigation than probability and causality.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
5. We live in a world of two realities: empirical and agreement.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
6. The four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Selective observation is a danger of overgeneralization.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 9e Maxfield
8. The tendency to overgeneralize is probably greatest when there is an absence of pressure to reach a judgement.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
9. The keystone of inquiry is observation.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
10. Things we know from direct experience are a direct result of which type of reality?
a. Agreement
b. Expressed
c. Assumed
d. Experiential
ANSWER: d
11. Which of the following would be the best example of the potential for inaccurate observations in the criminal
justice system?
a. Eyewitness testimony
b. Police officers on a stake-out
c. The state witnesses at an execution
d. Correction officers watching a potentially suicidal prisoner
ANSWER: a
12. Acceptance of knowledge that others give us is known as
a. authority.
b. tradition.
c. agreement reality.
d. understanding.
ANSWER: c
13. What factor has caused related problems when separating Internet research findings?
a. Unreliable government sources
b. Poor Wi-Fi
c. Too much information on too little topics
d. The demented ramblings of ideologues
ANSWER: d
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 9e Maxfield
14. The role of the Bureau of Justice Statistics is to
a. collect and disseminate criminal justice statistics, including information about crime and victims of crime.
b. sort computer readouts and news reports on crime trends.
c. share applied research on law enforcement and general justice problems.
d. solely provide grant opportunities.
ANSWER: a
15. Stepping on a thorn for the first time and realizing that it is painful before anyone tells you it is painful is an
example of
a. agreement reality.
b. inaccurate observation.
c. experiential reality.
d. a nomothetic explanation.
ANSWER: c
16. The culture we are born into is made up of accepted knowledge about the world around us and is known as
a. legend.
b. myth.
c. tradition.
d. rustic.
ANSWER: c
17. Eyewitness testimony that turns out to be erroneous is an example of this type of observational error in personal
human inquiry.
a. Inaccurate
b. Fair
c. Factual
d. Theoretical
ANSWER: a
18. Things we consider real because we’ve been told they are real is an example of
a. agreement reality.
b. expressed reality.
c. assumed reality.
d. experiential reality.
ANSWER: a
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 9e Maxfield
19. Which of the following is an important element that is often overlooked when creating a research project?
a. The budget
b. The population
c. Research methods
d. Stakeholders
ANSWER: a
20. When a policy change is being considered, the most appropriate study would be
a. descriptive.
b. explanatory.
c. explorative.
d. applicative.
ANSWER: c
21. Patterns of cause and effect are __________.
a. probabilistic in nature
b. inevitable in nature
c. accurate in nature
d. unobtainable in nature
ANSWER: a
22. Which of the following describes the role of politics in social science/CJ research?
a. Can play a role
b. Never plays a role
c. Rarely plays a role
d. Plays an essential role
ANSWER: a
23. When you repeat a study to see if you achieve similar results, you are doing
a. too much work.
b. following the pattern.
c. replication.
d. theoretical repetition.
ANSWER: c
Page 4
Complete Chapters Included ✅
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Much of our knowledge is based on agreement rather than on direct experience.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
2. We can understand something by knowing the why before the what.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
3. Inquiry is hindered when we depend on the authority of experts who are speaking outside their realm of
expertise.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
4. Casual human inquiry is a more rigorous way of investigation than probability and causality.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
5. We live in a world of two realities: empirical and agreement.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
6. The four purposes of research are exploration, description, explanation, and application.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Selective observation is a danger of overgeneralization.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 9e Maxfield
8. The tendency to overgeneralize is probably greatest when there is an absence of pressure to reach a judgement.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
9. The keystone of inquiry is observation.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
10. Things we know from direct experience are a direct result of which type of reality?
a. Agreement
b. Expressed
c. Assumed
d. Experiential
ANSWER: d
11. Which of the following would be the best example of the potential for inaccurate observations in the criminal
justice system?
a. Eyewitness testimony
b. Police officers on a stake-out
c. The state witnesses at an execution
d. Correction officers watching a potentially suicidal prisoner
ANSWER: a
12. Acceptance of knowledge that others give us is known as
a. authority.
b. tradition.
c. agreement reality.
d. understanding.
ANSWER: c
13. What factor has caused related problems when separating Internet research findings?
a. Unreliable government sources
b. Poor Wi-Fi
c. Too much information on too little topics
d. The demented ramblings of ideologues
ANSWER: d
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 9e Maxfield
14. The role of the Bureau of Justice Statistics is to
a. collect and disseminate criminal justice statistics, including information about crime and victims of crime.
b. sort computer readouts and news reports on crime trends.
c. share applied research on law enforcement and general justice problems.
d. solely provide grant opportunities.
ANSWER: a
15. Stepping on a thorn for the first time and realizing that it is painful before anyone tells you it is painful is an
example of
a. agreement reality.
b. inaccurate observation.
c. experiential reality.
d. a nomothetic explanation.
ANSWER: c
16. The culture we are born into is made up of accepted knowledge about the world around us and is known as
a. legend.
b. myth.
c. tradition.
d. rustic.
ANSWER: c
17. Eyewitness testimony that turns out to be erroneous is an example of this type of observational error in personal
human inquiry.
a. Inaccurate
b. Fair
c. Factual
d. Theoretical
ANSWER: a
18. Things we consider real because we’ve been told they are real is an example of
a. agreement reality.
b. expressed reality.
c. assumed reality.
d. experiential reality.
ANSWER: a
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 9e Maxfield
19. Which of the following is an important element that is often overlooked when creating a research project?
a. The budget
b. The population
c. Research methods
d. Stakeholders
ANSWER: a
20. When a policy change is being considered, the most appropriate study would be
a. descriptive.
b. explanatory.
c. explorative.
d. applicative.
ANSWER: c
21. Patterns of cause and effect are __________.
a. probabilistic in nature
b. inevitable in nature
c. accurate in nature
d. unobtainable in nature
ANSWER: a
22. Which of the following describes the role of politics in social science/CJ research?
a. Can play a role
b. Never plays a role
c. Rarely plays a role
d. Plays an essential role
ANSWER: a
23. When you repeat a study to see if you achieve similar results, you are doing
a. too much work.
b. following the pattern.
c. replication.
d. theoretical repetition.
ANSWER: c
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