CIS 171 final exam terms || 100% ACCURATE!!
Normalization correct answers Process that assigns attributes to entities so that data
redundancies are reduced or eliminated
Denormalization correct answers A process by which a table is changed from a higher-level
normal form to a lower-level normal form, usually to increase processing speed.
Denormalization potentially yields data anomalies.
Prime attribute correct answers A key attribute; that is, an attribute that is part of a key or is
the whole key.
Nonprime attribute /nonkey attribute correct answers An attribute that is not part of a key.
unnormalized data correct answers Raw data in its original state; it might contain redundant
data, multivalued data, and/or other data anomalies not found on normalized data relations.
partial dependency correct answers A condition in which an attribute is dependent on only a
portion (subset) of the primary key.
transitive dependency correct answers A condition in which an attribute is dependent on
another attribute that is not part of the primary key.
repeating group correct answers In a relation, a characteristic describing a group of multiple
entries of the same type for a single key attribute occurrence. For example, a car can have
multiple colors for its top, interior, bottom, trim, and so on.
Dependency diagram correct answers A representation of all data dependencies (primary key,
partial, or transitive) within a table.
first normal form 1NF correct answers The first stage in the normalization process. It
describes a relation depicted in tabular format, with no repeating groups and a primary key
identified. All nonkey attributes in the relation are dependent on the primary key.
second normal form 2NF correct answers The second stage in the normalization process, in
which a relation is in 1NF and there are no partial dependencies (dependencies in only part of
the primary key).
third normal form 3NF correct answers A table is in 3NF when it is in 2NF and no nonkey
attribute is functionally dependent on another nonkey attribute; that is, it cannot include
transitive dependencies.
atomic attribute correct answers An attribute that cannot be further subdivided to produce
meaningful components. For example, a person's last name attribute cannot be meaningfully
subdivided.
Granularity correct answers refers to the level of detail represented by the data
, Boyce Codd normal form BCNF correct answers A special type of third normal form (3NF)
in which every determinant is a candidate key. A table in BCNF must be in 3NF. See also
determinant.
fourth normal form 4NF correct answers A table is in 4NF if it is in 3NF and contains no
multiple independent sets of multivalued dependencies.
Information system IS correct answers A system that provides for data collection, storage,
and retrieval; facilitates the transformation of data into information; and manages both data
and information. An information system is composed of hardware, the DBMS and other
software, databases, people, and procedures.
System analysis correct answers The process that establishes the need for an information
system and its extent.
systems development correct answers The process of creating an information system.
database development correct answers The process of database design and implementation.
Systems Development Life Cycle correct answers the cycle that traces the history of an
information system. The SDLC provides the big picture within which database design and
application development can be mapped out and evaluated
Database Life Cycle correct answers A cycle that traces the history of a database within an
information system. The cycle is divided into six phases: initial study, design,
implementation and loading, testing and evaluation, operation and maintenance, and
evolution.
scope correct answers the part of the system that defines the extent of the design according to
operational requirements
boundaries correct answers The external limits to which any proposed system is subjected.
These limits include budgets, personnel, and existing hardware and software
Virtualization correct answers A technique that creates logical representations of computing
resources that are independent of the underlying physical computing resources.
full backup correct answers A complete copy of an entire database saved and periodically
updated in a separate memory location. A full backup ensures a full recovery of all data after
a physical disaster or database integrity failure.
differential backup correct answers A level of database backup in which only the last
modifications to the database are copied.
transaction log backup correct answers A backup of only the transaction log operations that
are not reflected in a previous backup copy of the database.
Conceptual design correct answers A process that uses data-modeling techniques to create a
model of a database structure that represents real-world objects as realistically as possible.
The techniques are both software- and hardware-independent.
Normalization correct answers Process that assigns attributes to entities so that data
redundancies are reduced or eliminated
Denormalization correct answers A process by which a table is changed from a higher-level
normal form to a lower-level normal form, usually to increase processing speed.
Denormalization potentially yields data anomalies.
Prime attribute correct answers A key attribute; that is, an attribute that is part of a key or is
the whole key.
Nonprime attribute /nonkey attribute correct answers An attribute that is not part of a key.
unnormalized data correct answers Raw data in its original state; it might contain redundant
data, multivalued data, and/or other data anomalies not found on normalized data relations.
partial dependency correct answers A condition in which an attribute is dependent on only a
portion (subset) of the primary key.
transitive dependency correct answers A condition in which an attribute is dependent on
another attribute that is not part of the primary key.
repeating group correct answers In a relation, a characteristic describing a group of multiple
entries of the same type for a single key attribute occurrence. For example, a car can have
multiple colors for its top, interior, bottom, trim, and so on.
Dependency diagram correct answers A representation of all data dependencies (primary key,
partial, or transitive) within a table.
first normal form 1NF correct answers The first stage in the normalization process. It
describes a relation depicted in tabular format, with no repeating groups and a primary key
identified. All nonkey attributes in the relation are dependent on the primary key.
second normal form 2NF correct answers The second stage in the normalization process, in
which a relation is in 1NF and there are no partial dependencies (dependencies in only part of
the primary key).
third normal form 3NF correct answers A table is in 3NF when it is in 2NF and no nonkey
attribute is functionally dependent on another nonkey attribute; that is, it cannot include
transitive dependencies.
atomic attribute correct answers An attribute that cannot be further subdivided to produce
meaningful components. For example, a person's last name attribute cannot be meaningfully
subdivided.
Granularity correct answers refers to the level of detail represented by the data
, Boyce Codd normal form BCNF correct answers A special type of third normal form (3NF)
in which every determinant is a candidate key. A table in BCNF must be in 3NF. See also
determinant.
fourth normal form 4NF correct answers A table is in 4NF if it is in 3NF and contains no
multiple independent sets of multivalued dependencies.
Information system IS correct answers A system that provides for data collection, storage,
and retrieval; facilitates the transformation of data into information; and manages both data
and information. An information system is composed of hardware, the DBMS and other
software, databases, people, and procedures.
System analysis correct answers The process that establishes the need for an information
system and its extent.
systems development correct answers The process of creating an information system.
database development correct answers The process of database design and implementation.
Systems Development Life Cycle correct answers the cycle that traces the history of an
information system. The SDLC provides the big picture within which database design and
application development can be mapped out and evaluated
Database Life Cycle correct answers A cycle that traces the history of a database within an
information system. The cycle is divided into six phases: initial study, design,
implementation and loading, testing and evaluation, operation and maintenance, and
evolution.
scope correct answers the part of the system that defines the extent of the design according to
operational requirements
boundaries correct answers The external limits to which any proposed system is subjected.
These limits include budgets, personnel, and existing hardware and software
Virtualization correct answers A technique that creates logical representations of computing
resources that are independent of the underlying physical computing resources.
full backup correct answers A complete copy of an entire database saved and periodically
updated in a separate memory location. A full backup ensures a full recovery of all data after
a physical disaster or database integrity failure.
differential backup correct answers A level of database backup in which only the last
modifications to the database are copied.
transaction log backup correct answers A backup of only the transaction log operations that
are not reflected in a previous backup copy of the database.
Conceptual design correct answers A process that uses data-modeling techniques to create a
model of a database structure that represents real-world objects as realistically as possible.
The techniques are both software- and hardware-independent.
