TEST BANK FOR Understanding Pharmacology, Essentials for Medication Safety, 2nd Edition,Workman & LaCharity Chapter 9-34 Final Exam

TEST BANK FOR Understanding Pharmacology, Essentials for Medication Safety, 2nd Edition,Workman & LaCharity Chapter 9-34 Final Exam Drugs that inhibit skeletal muscle contraction by blocking conduction within the spinal cord are known as _____. A. spasmolytics (B. peripheral skeletal muscle relaxants C. cholinergic drugs D. parasympathomimetics ) - CORRECT ANSWER-A. spasmolytics The binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to the nicotinic-muscle receptors at the neuromuscular junction enables: (A. potassium ions to move into the cells. B. sodium ions to move out of the cells. ) C. sodium ions to move into the cells. (D. magnesium ions to enter the cells. ) - CORRECT ANSWER-C. sodium ions to move into the cells. Which of the following types of drugs inhibits muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction or within the contractile process? A. Spasmolytics B. Peripheral skeletal muscle relaxants C. Parasympathomimetic drugs D. Cholinergic drugs - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Peripheral skeletal muscle relaxants Identify a difference between nondepolarizing blockers and depolarizing blockers. B. The nondepolarizing blockers inhibit cholinergic activity by occupying the nicotinic-muscle sites so that acetylcholine (ACH) cannot bind with the receptors, whereas depolarizing blockers inhibit cholinergic activity by altering the Nm receptors so that they cannot respond to ACH stimulation. - CORRECT ANSWER-B. The nondepolarizing blockers inhibit cholinergic activity by occupying the nicotinic-muscle sites so that acetylcholine (ACH) cannot bind with the receptors, whereas depolarizing blockers inhibit cholinergic activity by altering the Nm receptors so that they cannot respond to ACH stimulation. _____ is the only available depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug. (A. Pancuronium B. Atracurium) C. Succinylcholine (D. Carbachol) - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Succinylcholine Which of the following statements is true of nondepolarizing blockers? A. The nondepolarizing blockers combine with, but do not stimulate, the nicotinic-muscle (Nm) receptors. ( B. The nondepolarizing blockers allow acetylcholine to combine with the Nm receptors to induce depolarization. You Answered C. The only available nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug available today is succinylcholine. D. After binding to the Nm receptors, nondepolarizing drugs alter the receptors so that they cannot respond to endogenous ACH stimulation.) - CORRECT ANSWER-A. The nondepolarizing blockers combine with, but do not stimulate, the nicotinic-muscle (Nm) receptors. One of the ways to prolong the effects of a rapidly metabolized skeletal muscle relaxant is to administer the medication: A. through an intravenous injection. B. by intravenous infusion. C. through an intramuscular injection. D. intradermally - CORRECT ANSWER-B. by intravenous infusion. Neuromuscular blockers inhibit skeletal muscle contraction by interfering with the _____. A. nicotinic-muscle receptors B. nicotinic-neural receptors C. muscarinic receptors D. ganglionic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER-A. nicotinic-muscle receptors The drug dantrolene relaxes skeletal muscle by inhibiting the release of which ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum? A. Sodium ions B. Chloride ions C. Potassium ions D. Calcium ions - CORRECT ANSWER-D. Calcium ions Which of the following types of skeletal muscle relaxants can be considered a cholinergic receptor antagonist? A. A nondepolarizing drug ( B. A depolarizing drug C. A direct-acting cholinergic drug D. An indirect-acting cholinergic drug ) - CORRECT ANSWER-A. A nondepolarizing drug Which of the following should be taken into consideration when selecting a neuromuscular blocking drug for surgical relaxation? A. Duration of action B. Time of onset C. Reversibility of the drug D. All of these - CORRECT ANSWER-D. All of these Austin has accidently taken an overdose of atracurium, a drug belonging to the class of nondepolarizing blockers. He slips into a state of respiratory paralysis and struggles to control his breathing. On arriving at the hospital, the doctors give Austin a dose of a certain drug in an attempt to reverse his condition. Based on the information provided in this scenario, which of the following drugs have the doctors given Austin? A. Atropine B. Oxybutynin C. Neostigmine D. Scopolamine - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Neostigmine The major toxicity associated with neuromuscular blocker overdose is: A. respiratory muscle paralysis. B. cardiovascular collapse. C. hypercalcemia D. hyponatremia - CORRECT ANSWER-A. respiratory muscle paralysis. Ella has been taking large doses of a particular neuromuscular blocker over a very long period of time. Consequently, she has developed signs of respiratory paralysis and has severe trouble breathing. After Dr. Kurt examines her, he concludes that Ella�s deteriorating health is the result of the growing concentration of the neuromuscular blocker drug in her system. He prescribes the drug neostigmine to relieve her symptoms. How will the drug neostigmine help counteract the effects of the neuromuscular blocker drug? A. It will inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase so that acetylcholine (ACH) accumulates within the synaptic junctions. (B. It will attach itself to the synaptic vesicles containing ACH and prevent ACH from being released into the synaptic cleft. C. It will damage the nicotinic-muscle receptors, thereby altering the ability of these receptors to become stimulated. D. It will enhance the activity o - CORRECT ANSWER-A. It will inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase so that acetylcholine (ACH) accumulates within the synaptic junctions. The antidote that is administered for depolarizing neuromuscular blocker toxicity is: A. pancuronium B. succinylcholine C. demecarium D. No antidote is available. - CORRECT ANSWER-D. No antidote is available. Which factor is most likely responsible for the variation of duration of action in nondepolarizing skeletal muscle relaxants?] A. Drug excretion ( B. Drug metabolism C. Drug absorption D. Drug distribution ) - CORRECT ANSWER-A. Drug excretion Which of the following muscles are the first to become relaxed after the administration of a low dose of a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant? A. The muscles of the eyes and face (B. The muscles of the limbs C. The muscles of the trunk