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ADJ 107 Midterm Study Guide_ Definitions and Concepts Questions and Answers

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ADJ 107 Midterm Study Guide_ Definitions and Concepts Questions and Answers

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31 Multiple choice questions

Definition 1 of 31
A 2006 study found individuals who start drinking by the age of 14 are ______ times more likely to
become alcoholics than people who hold off on drinking until the age of 21.

Five


Get Tough Movement

California

Status Frustration

Definition 2 of 31
________ is form of criminology that believes poverty is a form of suffering that causes crime.

Peacemaking Criminology

Self-Stigma

Deterrence Theorists

Attachments

,Definition 3 of 31
Techniques of Neutralization:
-Deny ___, __, __
-Condemn condemners
-Appeal to _______

Deterrence Theorists

-Deny responsibility, injury, victim
-Condemn condemners
-Appeal to higher loyalties

-Schizophrenic disorders
-Paranoid disorders
-Mood disorders
-Antisocial personality disorder

Chicago School (Ecological); - Choices; Conditions

Definition 4 of 31
_____ does not believe criminal behavior is a result of individual traits, rather a function of
personal ______ combined with environmental _______..

burglary, drug dealing, robbery, and assault


Attachments

Chicago School (Ecological); - Choices; Conditions

Deterrence Theorists

Definition 5 of 31
Today, Critical Criminologists focus on reviewing elements of _______ within society and feel it
has replaced imperialism and colonization as a new form of economic domination and
oppression by Westerners.

Globalization

Instrumental; Rich


unemployed

20 Million

,Definition 6 of 31
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) indicated the annual number of victimizations
in the United States is approximately _____ million.

20 Million


unemployed

Self-Stigma

Globalization

Definition 7 of 31
_____ is the system of practices and institutions of governments directed at upholding social
control, deterring and mitigating crime, or sanctioning those who violate laws with criminal
penalties and rehabilitation efforts.

Criminal Justice

65%


Super Ego

1. To be notified of proceedings and the status of the defendant.
2. To be present at criminal justice proceedings.
3. To make a statement at sentencing and to receive restitution from a convicted
offender.
4. To be consulted before a case is dismissed or a plea agreement entered.
5. To a speedy trial.
6. To their contact information being kept confidential

, Definition 8 of 31
Cesare Beccaria's focus was not to develop a theory of crime, but to call for _______ punishment
in order deter crime within society. He expressed his frustration with the laws and the justice
system within society. His writings and thoughts soon influenced laws in France, _____, and even
______. Beccaria also felt individuals are self-centered and fear of punishment must take place
within society.

Globalization

Instrumental; Rich

Fair & Certain; Austria, Russia

Schizophrenia

Definition 9 of 31
_____ theorists are inclined to believe the certainty of punishment has a greater impact than its
severity or speed.

Peacemaking Criminology

Attachments

Deterrence Theorists

Self-Stigma

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