Pathophysiology Overview
Homeostasis - ANSWER The body being in a stable state, maintaining homeostasis reduces the risk of
diseases.
Subclinical state - ANSWER Exposed to pathogens without showing symptoms.
Latent stage/Incubation period - ANSWER Bacteria inside the body without symptoms, dormant.
Prodromal state - ANSWER Experiencing initial symptoms like fatigue and fever.
Manifestations - ANSWER Signs and symptoms of a condition.
Sign - ANSWER Objective observation by a nurse.
Symptoms - ANSWER Subjective feelings reported by a patient.
Remission - ANSWER Signs and symptoms disappear or decrease.
Exacerbation - ANSWER Worsening of signs and symptoms.
Precipitating factor - ANSWER Something triggering symptoms or an acute episode.
Complication - ANSWER New or additional issues arising.
Therapy - ANSWER Treatment measures to promote recovery or slow progress.
Sequelae - ANSWER Unexpected or unwanted outcomes.
Convalescence/Rehabilitation - ANSWER Period of recovery and return to a healthy state.
Cellular adaptations - ANSWER Changes in cell size or number in response to stimuli.
, Atrophy - ANSWER Shrinking of cell size or tissue mass.
Hypertrophy - ANSWER Increase in cell size or tissue mass.
Hyperplasia - ANSWER Increase in the number of cells.
Metaplasia - ANSWER Replacement of one mature cell type by another.
Dysplasia - ANSWER Variation in size and shape of cells in tissue.
Anaplasia - ANSWER Undifferentiated cells with irregular borders, potentially cancerous.
Neoplasia - ANSWER New growth or tumor, may be cancerous.
Apoptosis - ANSWER Programmed cell death.
Pyroptosis - ANSWER Cell death resulting in lysis, often due to inflammation.
Benign - ANSWER Non-cancerous, differentiated, and encapsulated.
Ischemia - ANSWER Lack of oxygen in cells.
Malignant - ANSWER Undifferentiated, cancerous, and non-encapsulated, with potential to spread.
Hypoxia - ANSWER Decreased oxygen to cells.
Cyanosis - ANSWER Bluish discoloration of mucous membranes or fingertips.
Mitosis - ANSWER Cell regeneration process requiring DNA and RNA.
Homeostasis - ANSWER The body being in a stable state, maintaining homeostasis reduces the risk of
diseases.
Subclinical state - ANSWER Exposed to pathogens without showing symptoms.
Latent stage/Incubation period - ANSWER Bacteria inside the body without symptoms, dormant.
Prodromal state - ANSWER Experiencing initial symptoms like fatigue and fever.
Manifestations - ANSWER Signs and symptoms of a condition.
Sign - ANSWER Objective observation by a nurse.
Symptoms - ANSWER Subjective feelings reported by a patient.
Remission - ANSWER Signs and symptoms disappear or decrease.
Exacerbation - ANSWER Worsening of signs and symptoms.
Precipitating factor - ANSWER Something triggering symptoms or an acute episode.
Complication - ANSWER New or additional issues arising.
Therapy - ANSWER Treatment measures to promote recovery or slow progress.
Sequelae - ANSWER Unexpected or unwanted outcomes.
Convalescence/Rehabilitation - ANSWER Period of recovery and return to a healthy state.
Cellular adaptations - ANSWER Changes in cell size or number in response to stimuli.
, Atrophy - ANSWER Shrinking of cell size or tissue mass.
Hypertrophy - ANSWER Increase in cell size or tissue mass.
Hyperplasia - ANSWER Increase in the number of cells.
Metaplasia - ANSWER Replacement of one mature cell type by another.
Dysplasia - ANSWER Variation in size and shape of cells in tissue.
Anaplasia - ANSWER Undifferentiated cells with irregular borders, potentially cancerous.
Neoplasia - ANSWER New growth or tumor, may be cancerous.
Apoptosis - ANSWER Programmed cell death.
Pyroptosis - ANSWER Cell death resulting in lysis, often due to inflammation.
Benign - ANSWER Non-cancerous, differentiated, and encapsulated.
Ischemia - ANSWER Lack of oxygen in cells.
Malignant - ANSWER Undifferentiated, cancerous, and non-encapsulated, with potential to spread.
Hypoxia - ANSWER Decreased oxygen to cells.
Cyanosis - ANSWER Bluish discoloration of mucous membranes or fingertips.
Mitosis - ANSWER Cell regeneration process requiring DNA and RNA.
