EXSS 181 Final Exam |Questions Solved
100% Correct Already Passed
Explain the difference between internal psychological core, typical responses, and role-related
behavior in Hollander's model of personality. - Ans 1. Core = basic level, values, interests,
motives etc
2. Typical responses = ways we learn to adjust to the environment, how we usually respond to
the world around us
3. Role related = most changeable aspect of personality, different situations elicit
different behaviors
Name the big 5 traits (OCEAN) - Ans Openness to Experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion/introversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
What is the iceberg profile? - Ans - profile of a successful athlete shows vigor above the mean
population but tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion below the mean population
,- less successful athletes have a flat profile
Describe the trait approach to personality. Why are traits a poor predictor of behavior on their
own? - Ans 1. Trait theory implies that a person's traits (relatively stable attributes of a
person) are consistent and generalizable
2. Traits are weak predictors of behavior on their own because they don't take into
account that people act differently depending on the environment
There are two theories that suggest that the situation influences personality development.
Name them, and explain the basic premise of each. - Ans 1. Behaviorism: people learn
behaviors for specific situations through rewards and punishments
2. Social learning theory: people learn behaviors for certain situations via observational
learning/modeling
What does the interactionist approach to personality suggest about how personality develops?
- Ans 1. Combination of state and trait characteristics
2. Behavior is a function of the person and situation
Should personality testing be used in athlete selection processes? Why or why not? - Ans
1. Clinical tests focus on abnormality but are used in the general population
2. Not sufficient evidence of reliability or validity
3. Social desirability factor
4. Does not account for non psychological factors that affect sports performance
,5. Don't use for athlete selection
Attribution theory
What is the definition of motivation? - Ans The direction and intensity of effort
a) direction=approach/avoid or attraction
b) intensity=how much effort
what are attributions? how do they relate to success/failure? - Ans 1. attributions are
interpretations for success or failure
a) personal ability, personal effort, opponent's ability, opponent's effort, luck, referee
decisions, facility conditions, weather
what are two key assumptions of attribution theory (Weiner, 1979, 1985)? - Ans 1. motivations
are influenced by attributions
2. there are some commonly cited reasons for success/failure (weather, luck, personal ability,
etc.)
What are the 3 characteristics of attributions?
Be able to give an example of each type of attribution and/or infer one from a case study. - Ans
1. Stability: can be stable or unstable
2. Locus of causality: can be internal or external
3. Locus of control: can be controllable or uncontrollable
What do the stability, causality, and controllability of attributions mean in terms of
psychological outcomes when the athlete wins/succeeds? Loses/fails? - Ans stable:
greater expectation of outcome happening again
, sport and exercise psychology - Ans the scientific study of human behavior in sport and
exercise and practical application of that knowledge
three roles of sport psychologists - Ans 1. Research
2. Teaching
3. consulting
two major types of questions in the field? - Ans 1. Understand the effects of psych factors
on sport/physical activity behavior and performance
2. Understand the effects of participating in sport and physical activity on psych,
development, health and wellbeing
What does B=f(P,E) mean? - Ans Behavior is a function of the person and environment
Norman triplett - Ans Studied social facilitation of bikers
Tested whether they rode faster alone or in groups
Coleman Griffith - Ans Father of modern sports psychology
1st sports psych research lab
Studied red grange at illinois
Worked with notre dame and chicago cubs
100% Correct Already Passed
Explain the difference between internal psychological core, typical responses, and role-related
behavior in Hollander's model of personality. - Ans 1. Core = basic level, values, interests,
motives etc
2. Typical responses = ways we learn to adjust to the environment, how we usually respond to
the world around us
3. Role related = most changeable aspect of personality, different situations elicit
different behaviors
Name the big 5 traits (OCEAN) - Ans Openness to Experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion/introversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
What is the iceberg profile? - Ans - profile of a successful athlete shows vigor above the mean
population but tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion below the mean population
,- less successful athletes have a flat profile
Describe the trait approach to personality. Why are traits a poor predictor of behavior on their
own? - Ans 1. Trait theory implies that a person's traits (relatively stable attributes of a
person) are consistent and generalizable
2. Traits are weak predictors of behavior on their own because they don't take into
account that people act differently depending on the environment
There are two theories that suggest that the situation influences personality development.
Name them, and explain the basic premise of each. - Ans 1. Behaviorism: people learn
behaviors for specific situations through rewards and punishments
2. Social learning theory: people learn behaviors for certain situations via observational
learning/modeling
What does the interactionist approach to personality suggest about how personality develops?
- Ans 1. Combination of state and trait characteristics
2. Behavior is a function of the person and situation
Should personality testing be used in athlete selection processes? Why or why not? - Ans
1. Clinical tests focus on abnormality but are used in the general population
2. Not sufficient evidence of reliability or validity
3. Social desirability factor
4. Does not account for non psychological factors that affect sports performance
,5. Don't use for athlete selection
Attribution theory
What is the definition of motivation? - Ans The direction and intensity of effort
a) direction=approach/avoid or attraction
b) intensity=how much effort
what are attributions? how do they relate to success/failure? - Ans 1. attributions are
interpretations for success or failure
a) personal ability, personal effort, opponent's ability, opponent's effort, luck, referee
decisions, facility conditions, weather
what are two key assumptions of attribution theory (Weiner, 1979, 1985)? - Ans 1. motivations
are influenced by attributions
2. there are some commonly cited reasons for success/failure (weather, luck, personal ability,
etc.)
What are the 3 characteristics of attributions?
Be able to give an example of each type of attribution and/or infer one from a case study. - Ans
1. Stability: can be stable or unstable
2. Locus of causality: can be internal or external
3. Locus of control: can be controllable or uncontrollable
What do the stability, causality, and controllability of attributions mean in terms of
psychological outcomes when the athlete wins/succeeds? Loses/fails? - Ans stable:
greater expectation of outcome happening again
, sport and exercise psychology - Ans the scientific study of human behavior in sport and
exercise and practical application of that knowledge
three roles of sport psychologists - Ans 1. Research
2. Teaching
3. consulting
two major types of questions in the field? - Ans 1. Understand the effects of psych factors
on sport/physical activity behavior and performance
2. Understand the effects of participating in sport and physical activity on psych,
development, health and wellbeing
What does B=f(P,E) mean? - Ans Behavior is a function of the person and environment
Norman triplett - Ans Studied social facilitation of bikers
Tested whether they rode faster alone or in groups
Coleman Griffith - Ans Father of modern sports psychology
1st sports psych research lab
Studied red grange at illinois
Worked with notre dame and chicago cubs
