9/13/24, 10:24 Leadership-Meaning and
AM Definition
67
MODULE 6
Leadership
Leadership is the art or process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly
and enthusiastically toward the achievement of group goals.
The ingredients of leadership are:
1) Power
2) A fundamental understanding of people
3) The ability to inspire followers to apply their full capabilities
4) The leader’s style and the development of a conducive organizational climate
The Difference Between Leadership and Management
The main difference between leadership and management is that leaders have people
that follow them, while managers have people who simply work for them.
Sl. No. Managers Leaders
(1) Managers have subordinates Leaders have followers
(2) Managers use an authoritarian style Leaders have a motivational style
(3) Managers tell what to do Leaders show what to do
(4) Managers have good ideas Leaders implement good ideas
(5) Managers react to change Leaders create change
(6) Managers exercise power over people Leaders develop power with people
(7) Works in the present Looks into the future
(8) Do things right Do right things
(9) Managers Control Leaders inspire
(10) Statistics driven Values driven
Trait Approaches to Leadership
The trait theory of leadership focuses on identifying different personal attributes (or
traits) and characteristics that are linked to successful leadership across a variety of
situations. This line of research emerged as one of the earliest types of investigations
into the nature of effective leadership and is tied to the "great man" theory of
leadership first proposed by Thomas Carlyle in the mid-1800s. The trait theory
indicates that great leaders cannot be made, or learned. If you are not born with
specific personality traits, you are not destined to be a leader.
Lecture notes on “Principles of Management”. The notes are to be supplemented with class room lecture and is meant only for internal
circulation. Subject handled by: Dr. Shouri P V, Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cherthala.
about:blan 1/26
k
,9/13/24, 10:24 Leadership-Meaning and
AM Definition
68
In 1989, John W. Gardner published a study of a large number of leaders and
concluded that there are some attributes that appear to make a leader successful in any
situation. These traits included the following:
• Physical vitality and stamina
• Intelligence and action-oriented judgment
• Eagerness to accept responsibility
• Task competence
• Understanding of followers and their needs
• Skill in dealing with people
• Need for achievement
• Capacity to motivate people
• Courage and resolution
• Trustworthiness
• Decisiveness
• Self-confidence
• Assertiveness
• Adaptability/flexibility
Merits of Trait Theory
a) It builds on the premise that leaders are distinctive.
b) Unlike all other leadership theories, Trait Theory boasts a century of research to
confirm the approach.
c) Trait Theory provides benchmarks for identifying leaders.
Limitations of Trait Theory
a) Trait theory is leader-centric, and only focuses on the leader not the follower or
the situation.
b) Trait theory identifies those with the potential for leadership, but having any of
the identified traits is not a guarantee of success.
c) Not all traits identified as leadership markers help in all situations. For example,
height may be an indicator of leadership success in the military or other industry
which depends on physical strength, but may not carry as much influence in
business.
Leadership Behaviour and Styles
Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing
plans, and motivating people. Kurt Lewin (1939) led a group of researchers to
identify different styles of leadership. This early study has been very influential and
established three major leadership styles.
1) Authoritarian or autocratic
2) Participative or democratic
3) Delegative or free-rein
These styles are characterized by the amount of control that the leader applies on the
team. The three styles are best seen as points on a line ranging from total control to
very little if any.
Lecture notes on “Principles of Management”. The notes are to be supplemented with class room lecture and is meant only for internal
circulation. Subject handled by: Dr. Shouri P V, Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cherthala.
about:blan 2/26
k
, 9/13/24, 10:24 Leadership-Meaning and
AM Definition
about:blan 3/26
k
AM Definition
67
MODULE 6
Leadership
Leadership is the art or process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly
and enthusiastically toward the achievement of group goals.
The ingredients of leadership are:
1) Power
2) A fundamental understanding of people
3) The ability to inspire followers to apply their full capabilities
4) The leader’s style and the development of a conducive organizational climate
The Difference Between Leadership and Management
The main difference between leadership and management is that leaders have people
that follow them, while managers have people who simply work for them.
Sl. No. Managers Leaders
(1) Managers have subordinates Leaders have followers
(2) Managers use an authoritarian style Leaders have a motivational style
(3) Managers tell what to do Leaders show what to do
(4) Managers have good ideas Leaders implement good ideas
(5) Managers react to change Leaders create change
(6) Managers exercise power over people Leaders develop power with people
(7) Works in the present Looks into the future
(8) Do things right Do right things
(9) Managers Control Leaders inspire
(10) Statistics driven Values driven
Trait Approaches to Leadership
The trait theory of leadership focuses on identifying different personal attributes (or
traits) and characteristics that are linked to successful leadership across a variety of
situations. This line of research emerged as one of the earliest types of investigations
into the nature of effective leadership and is tied to the "great man" theory of
leadership first proposed by Thomas Carlyle in the mid-1800s. The trait theory
indicates that great leaders cannot be made, or learned. If you are not born with
specific personality traits, you are not destined to be a leader.
Lecture notes on “Principles of Management”. The notes are to be supplemented with class room lecture and is meant only for internal
circulation. Subject handled by: Dr. Shouri P V, Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cherthala.
about:blan 1/26
k
,9/13/24, 10:24 Leadership-Meaning and
AM Definition
68
In 1989, John W. Gardner published a study of a large number of leaders and
concluded that there are some attributes that appear to make a leader successful in any
situation. These traits included the following:
• Physical vitality and stamina
• Intelligence and action-oriented judgment
• Eagerness to accept responsibility
• Task competence
• Understanding of followers and their needs
• Skill in dealing with people
• Need for achievement
• Capacity to motivate people
• Courage and resolution
• Trustworthiness
• Decisiveness
• Self-confidence
• Assertiveness
• Adaptability/flexibility
Merits of Trait Theory
a) It builds on the premise that leaders are distinctive.
b) Unlike all other leadership theories, Trait Theory boasts a century of research to
confirm the approach.
c) Trait Theory provides benchmarks for identifying leaders.
Limitations of Trait Theory
a) Trait theory is leader-centric, and only focuses on the leader not the follower or
the situation.
b) Trait theory identifies those with the potential for leadership, but having any of
the identified traits is not a guarantee of success.
c) Not all traits identified as leadership markers help in all situations. For example,
height may be an indicator of leadership success in the military or other industry
which depends on physical strength, but may not carry as much influence in
business.
Leadership Behaviour and Styles
Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing
plans, and motivating people. Kurt Lewin (1939) led a group of researchers to
identify different styles of leadership. This early study has been very influential and
established three major leadership styles.
1) Authoritarian or autocratic
2) Participative or democratic
3) Delegative or free-rein
These styles are characterized by the amount of control that the leader applies on the
team. The three styles are best seen as points on a line ranging from total control to
very little if any.
Lecture notes on “Principles of Management”. The notes are to be supplemented with class room lecture and is meant only for internal
circulation. Subject handled by: Dr. Shouri P V, Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cherthala.
about:blan 2/26
k
, 9/13/24, 10:24 Leadership-Meaning and
AM Definition
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