Chapter 1 -
Introduction Exam
Questions and
Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
, Mains reporting initiatives (6) - Answer: The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) publishes the GRI
Standards, which provide guidance on disclosure
across environmental, social and economic factors for all stakeholders, including investors, whereas the
other
major frameworks are primarily investor focused.
*Well known & is the standard for the United Nations Global Compact.
Value Reporting Foundation (VRF) was formed upon the merger of the International Integrated.
Reporting Council (IIRC) and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB). The objective of the
VRF is to provide investors and corporates with a comprehensive corporate reporting framework across
the full range of enterprise value drivers and standards. Before the merger, the IIRC developed the
Integrated Reporting Framework (IRF) and the SASB issued the SASB
standards.
IRF : encouraged companies to integrate sustainability within their strategy and risk assessment by
integrating it into the traditional annual report.
SASB : 70-plus industry categories and were developed along with the
SASB materiality maps
CDP is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) which supports companies, financial institutions and
cities to
disclose and manage their environmental impact. It runs a global environmental disclosure system in
which
nearly 10,000 companies, cities, states and regions report on their risks and opportunities on climate
change,
water security and deforestation.
Climate Disclosure Standards Board (CDSB) is an international consortium of business and
environmental
NGOs with the mission to create the enabling conditions for material climate change and natural capital
information to be integrated into mainstream reporting.
Corporate Reporting Dialogue (CRD) (*standardisation) is a joint project led by the CDP, the CDSB, the
GRI, the IIRC and the
Introduction Exam
Questions and
Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
, Mains reporting initiatives (6) - Answer: The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) publishes the GRI
Standards, which provide guidance on disclosure
across environmental, social and economic factors for all stakeholders, including investors, whereas the
other
major frameworks are primarily investor focused.
*Well known & is the standard for the United Nations Global Compact.
Value Reporting Foundation (VRF) was formed upon the merger of the International Integrated.
Reporting Council (IIRC) and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB). The objective of the
VRF is to provide investors and corporates with a comprehensive corporate reporting framework across
the full range of enterprise value drivers and standards. Before the merger, the IIRC developed the
Integrated Reporting Framework (IRF) and the SASB issued the SASB
standards.
IRF : encouraged companies to integrate sustainability within their strategy and risk assessment by
integrating it into the traditional annual report.
SASB : 70-plus industry categories and were developed along with the
SASB materiality maps
CDP is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) which supports companies, financial institutions and
cities to
disclose and manage their environmental impact. It runs a global environmental disclosure system in
which
nearly 10,000 companies, cities, states and regions report on their risks and opportunities on climate
change,
water security and deforestation.
Climate Disclosure Standards Board (CDSB) is an international consortium of business and
environmental
NGOs with the mission to create the enabling conditions for material climate change and natural capital
information to be integrated into mainstream reporting.
Corporate Reporting Dialogue (CRD) (*standardisation) is a joint project led by the CDP, the CDSB, the
GRI, the IIRC and the
