Portage NURS 251 Test 2
"Antihistamine," it is referencing drugs that - Correct Answer block H1 receptors
1. Define the following terms: Alternative medicine, complementary medicine, dietary supplement, and herbal
medicine. - Correct Answer Alternative medicine- herbal medicine, chiropractic, acupuncture, massage, reflexology,
and any other therapies traditionally not emphasized in Western medical schools.
Complementary medicine- alternative medicine when used simultaneously with, rather than instead of, standard
Western medicine.
Dietary supplement - a product that contains an ingredient intended to supplement the diet, including vitamins,
minerals, herbs, or other botanicals.
Herbal medicine- the practice of using herbs (plant components including bark, roots, leave, seeds, flowers, fruit of
trees, and extracts of these plants) to heal
10. What organ can go into failure if exposed to toxic levels of acetaminophen? - Correct Answer Liver
11. List at least three different pieces of information that can be found on a "Drug Facts" label. - Correct Answer Any
of the following: Active ingredients, purpose, use, warnings, directions, other information, and inactive ingredients
12. True or False- Herbal supplements come from natural substances and therefore are harmless. - Correct Answer
False
13. Provide an example of an herbal supplement that has evidence that is has at least some efficacy in a specific
condition. Provide the condition as well. - Correct Answer St. John Wort- depression
Garlic- blood pressure
Omega-3 Fatty Acids- Cholesterol
Echinacea- preventing the common cold
2. List three qualities that would make a medication appropriate for OTC status: - Correct Answer any three of the
following-
Consumer must be able to:
· Diagnose the condition
· Monitor effectiveness
· Benefits of correct use are greater than the risks
Drugs Must have:
· Favorable adverse events profile
· Limited interactions with other drugs
· Low potential for abuse
· High Therapeutic Index
Drugs must be:
· Easy to use
· Easy to monitor
3. Describe the difference in regulation or oversight of an OTC medication and a typical dietary supplement: - Correct
Answer The main difference regarding the regulation of dietary supplements and herbal supplements compared to
prescription and OTC medication is that they have no requirement to show proof of efficacy.
4. Match the cough and cold medication to its specific use
1. Guaifenesin
, 2. Phenylephrine
3. Dextromethorphan
4. Diphenhydramine
A. Runny nose
B. Dry cough
C. Nasal congestion
D. Productive cough - Correct Answer 1. Guaifenesin - productive cough
2. Phenylephrine - nasal congestion
3. Dextromethorphan - dry cough
4. Diphenhydramine - runny nose
5. Provide an example of an antihistamine that can also be used to help patients sleep. - Correct Answer
Diphenhydramine or Benadryl
6. What varies between different antihistamines leading to different adverse effect profile? - Correct Answer how
strong their anticholinergic effects are. Anticholinergic effect happens when a drug blocks acetylcholine at its receptor
site.
7. What is the name of the receptor that medications like ranitidine block? - Correct Answer Histamine 2
8. What class of medications that treat heartburn were most recently made OTC? - Correct Answer Proton Pump
Inhibitors (PPIs)
9. Which common pain medication also has cardio protective properties? - Correct Answer Aspirin
Acetaminophen (class and special considerations) - Correct Answer -Analgesic class
-Taking more than 4g daily can lead to liver failure. Acetaminophen is in many combination products.
Acetaminophen (Pharmacologic class & Use) - Correct Answer -Analgesic/antipyretic
-Pain/fever
Acetylsalicylic acid is also called - Correct Answer Aspirin
Active Ingredient and Purpose - Correct Answer Listed together in the first row, quickly tells you:
-what is in the OTC product
-what class of drug it is in (which tells you what it could be used to treat)
Allergies - Correct Answer a very common ailment that can often be treated with OTC medications
Alternative medicine can be defined as - Correct Answer herbal medicine, chiropractic, acupuncture, massage,
reflexology, and any other therapies traditionally not emphasized in Western medical schools.
Analgesics (pain medications) and antipyretics (anti-fever) medications make up - Correct Answer a large portion of
the OTC shelves in today's pharmacies.
Another common condition that affects many people - Correct Answer Heartburn
Antacids - Correct Answer -Neutralize gastric acidity
-Examples: Tums, Gaviscon, milk of magnesia, Maalox
-Available in many dosage forms
Anti-Fever - Correct Answer Antipyretics
Anticholinergic effects include - Correct Answer drying effects such as dry mouth, dry eyes, trouble urinating, and
constipation
Anticholinergic effects occur when - Correct Answer a drug blocks acetylcholine at its receptor site.
Antihistamines are - Correct Answer not all the same.
"Antihistamine," it is referencing drugs that - Correct Answer block H1 receptors
1. Define the following terms: Alternative medicine, complementary medicine, dietary supplement, and herbal
medicine. - Correct Answer Alternative medicine- herbal medicine, chiropractic, acupuncture, massage, reflexology,
and any other therapies traditionally not emphasized in Western medical schools.
Complementary medicine- alternative medicine when used simultaneously with, rather than instead of, standard
Western medicine.
Dietary supplement - a product that contains an ingredient intended to supplement the diet, including vitamins,
minerals, herbs, or other botanicals.
Herbal medicine- the practice of using herbs (plant components including bark, roots, leave, seeds, flowers, fruit of
trees, and extracts of these plants) to heal
10. What organ can go into failure if exposed to toxic levels of acetaminophen? - Correct Answer Liver
11. List at least three different pieces of information that can be found on a "Drug Facts" label. - Correct Answer Any
of the following: Active ingredients, purpose, use, warnings, directions, other information, and inactive ingredients
12. True or False- Herbal supplements come from natural substances and therefore are harmless. - Correct Answer
False
13. Provide an example of an herbal supplement that has evidence that is has at least some efficacy in a specific
condition. Provide the condition as well. - Correct Answer St. John Wort- depression
Garlic- blood pressure
Omega-3 Fatty Acids- Cholesterol
Echinacea- preventing the common cold
2. List three qualities that would make a medication appropriate for OTC status: - Correct Answer any three of the
following-
Consumer must be able to:
· Diagnose the condition
· Monitor effectiveness
· Benefits of correct use are greater than the risks
Drugs Must have:
· Favorable adverse events profile
· Limited interactions with other drugs
· Low potential for abuse
· High Therapeutic Index
Drugs must be:
· Easy to use
· Easy to monitor
3. Describe the difference in regulation or oversight of an OTC medication and a typical dietary supplement: - Correct
Answer The main difference regarding the regulation of dietary supplements and herbal supplements compared to
prescription and OTC medication is that they have no requirement to show proof of efficacy.
4. Match the cough and cold medication to its specific use
1. Guaifenesin
, 2. Phenylephrine
3. Dextromethorphan
4. Diphenhydramine
A. Runny nose
B. Dry cough
C. Nasal congestion
D. Productive cough - Correct Answer 1. Guaifenesin - productive cough
2. Phenylephrine - nasal congestion
3. Dextromethorphan - dry cough
4. Diphenhydramine - runny nose
5. Provide an example of an antihistamine that can also be used to help patients sleep. - Correct Answer
Diphenhydramine or Benadryl
6. What varies between different antihistamines leading to different adverse effect profile? - Correct Answer how
strong their anticholinergic effects are. Anticholinergic effect happens when a drug blocks acetylcholine at its receptor
site.
7. What is the name of the receptor that medications like ranitidine block? - Correct Answer Histamine 2
8. What class of medications that treat heartburn were most recently made OTC? - Correct Answer Proton Pump
Inhibitors (PPIs)
9. Which common pain medication also has cardio protective properties? - Correct Answer Aspirin
Acetaminophen (class and special considerations) - Correct Answer -Analgesic class
-Taking more than 4g daily can lead to liver failure. Acetaminophen is in many combination products.
Acetaminophen (Pharmacologic class & Use) - Correct Answer -Analgesic/antipyretic
-Pain/fever
Acetylsalicylic acid is also called - Correct Answer Aspirin
Active Ingredient and Purpose - Correct Answer Listed together in the first row, quickly tells you:
-what is in the OTC product
-what class of drug it is in (which tells you what it could be used to treat)
Allergies - Correct Answer a very common ailment that can often be treated with OTC medications
Alternative medicine can be defined as - Correct Answer herbal medicine, chiropractic, acupuncture, massage,
reflexology, and any other therapies traditionally not emphasized in Western medical schools.
Analgesics (pain medications) and antipyretics (anti-fever) medications make up - Correct Answer a large portion of
the OTC shelves in today's pharmacies.
Another common condition that affects many people - Correct Answer Heartburn
Antacids - Correct Answer -Neutralize gastric acidity
-Examples: Tums, Gaviscon, milk of magnesia, Maalox
-Available in many dosage forms
Anti-Fever - Correct Answer Antipyretics
Anticholinergic effects include - Correct Answer drying effects such as dry mouth, dry eyes, trouble urinating, and
constipation
Anticholinergic effects occur when - Correct Answer a drug blocks acetylcholine at its receptor site.
Antihistamines are - Correct Answer not all the same.
