TEST BANK for - Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 8th Edition (Nelson) Chapter 1-28 | All Chapters |ultimate guide graded A+

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,1. In a bacterial cell, the DNA is in the:
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A) cell envelope. kr



B) cell membrane. kr



C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes.


2. A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the
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development of: kr



A) DNA.
B) photosynthetic capability. kr



C) plasma membranes. kr



D) ribosomes.
E) the nucleus. kr




3. In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
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A) cell membrane. kr



B) nuclear envelope. kr



C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.


4. The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number of
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biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate of diffusion of
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solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and
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diameters in the range of:
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A) 0.1 m to 10 m. kr kr kr kr



B) 0.3 m to 30 m. kr kr kr kr



C) 0.3 m to 100 m. kr kr kr kr



D) 1 m to 100 m.
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E) 1 m to 300 m.
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,5. Which group of single-celled microorganisms has many members found growing in
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extreme environments?
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A) bacteria
B) archaea
C) eukaryotes
D) heterotrophs
E) None of the answers is correct.
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6. The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and energy—it is
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therefore a: kr



A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.


7. Which is a list of organelles?
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A) mitochondria, chromatin, endoplasmic reticulum kr kr kr



B) peroxisomes, lysosomes, plasma membrane kr kr kr



C) proteasomes, peroxisomes, lysosomes kr kr



D) mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes kr kr kr



E) All of the answers are correct.
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8. Which list has the cellular components arranged in order of INCREASING size?
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A) amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome
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B) amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion
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C) amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion
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D) protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome
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E) protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid
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9. The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and maintained primarily
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through noncovalent interactions. Which one of the following is NOT considered a
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noncovalent interaction? kr



A) carbon-carbon bonds kr



B) hydrogen bonds kr



C) hydrophobic interactions kr



D) ionic interactions kr



E) van der Waals interactions
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, 10. Which element is NOT among the four most abundant in living organisms?
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A) carbon
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) phosphorus


11. The four covalent bonds in methane (CH4) are arranged around carbon to give which
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geometry?
A) linear
B) tetrahedral
C) trigonal bipyramidal kr



D) trigonal planar kr



E) trigonal pyramidal kr




12. What functional groups are present on this molecule?
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A) ether and aldehyde
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B) hydroxyl and aldehyde kr kr



C) hydroxyl and carboxylic acid kr kr kr



D) hydroxyl and ester kr kr



E) hydroxyl and ketone kr kr




13. The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic information
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are:
A) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleic acids. kr



E) proteins.


14. Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are known as:
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A) anomers.
B) cis-trans isomers. kr



C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometric isomers. kr




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