Psychology 1010 Final Exam
1. Psychology is BEST defined as the:
A) empirical study of the human personality
B) study of individual differences
C) scientific study of overt behavior and mental processes
D) scientific study of the relation between mind and body - CORRECT
ANSWER: C) scientific study of overt behavior and mental processes
2. Sid believes that his dreams forecast the future. He describes all the dreams that
came true in the past month. His friend Joey asks him about all the times when his
dreams did not come true. Sid's tendency to remember the times that his dreams
came true and forget the times that they did not is known as
A) the confirmation bias.
B) the Barnum Effect.
C) the observer effect.
D) critical thinking. - CORRECT ANSWER: A) the confirmation bias.
,3. A psychologist has been asked to identify the differences between two
psychology degrees, the Bachelor of Arts and the Bachelor of Science. The
psychologist comes up with the tentative explanation that the Bachelor of Arts
degree requires fewer math and science courses than the Bachelor of Science
degree. This tentative explanation, which must be tested, would constitute which
step in the scientific method?
A) theory building
B) operationally defining the problem
C) proposing a hypothesis
D) gathering evidence through observations - CORRECT ANSWER: C)
proposing a hypothesis
4. Mr. Pfund wants to determine whether therapy reduces symptoms of depression.
He designs an experiment and randomly assigns participants to one of two groups.
In one group, participants receive therapy and, in the other group, participants are
placed on a waitlist for therapy. In this experiment, participants receiving therapy
or being placed on a waitlist for therapy is the _____________ variable.
A) dependent
B) independent
C) extraneous
D) control - CORRECT ANSWER: B) independent
,5. In his experiment, Mr. Pfund determines that therapy does reduce symptoms of
depression. He makes this determination by examining the reduction in the number
of participants' depression symptoms before treatment and after treatment. The
number of depression symptoms is the ___________ variable in this experiment.
A) dependent
B) independent
C) extraneous
D) control - CORRECT ANSWER: A) dependent
6. Random assignment of subjects to groups in an experiment is used to reduce the
effects of
A) the dependent variable.
B) the independent variable.
C) extraneous variables.
D) experimenter bias. - CORRECT ANSWER: C) extraneous variables.
7. Experiments can determine cause-and-effect relationships with the suspected
cause being the
, __________variable.
A) dependent
B) independent
C) extraneous
D) control - CORRECT ANSWER: B) independent
8. Mr. Pfund wants to determine the relationship between the number of therapy
sessions and depression symptoms. He obtained data from over 1,000 therapy
clients in Memphis over a five-year period. When he graphed the number of
therapy sessions and depression symptoms, he found that the more therapy
sessions that someone attended, the less depression symptoms they had. Mr. Pfund
conducted a(n) ______________ study.
A) naturalistic observation
B) survey
C) correlational
D) experimental - CORRECT ANSWER: C) correlational
1. Psychology is BEST defined as the:
A) empirical study of the human personality
B) study of individual differences
C) scientific study of overt behavior and mental processes
D) scientific study of the relation between mind and body - CORRECT
ANSWER: C) scientific study of overt behavior and mental processes
2. Sid believes that his dreams forecast the future. He describes all the dreams that
came true in the past month. His friend Joey asks him about all the times when his
dreams did not come true. Sid's tendency to remember the times that his dreams
came true and forget the times that they did not is known as
A) the confirmation bias.
B) the Barnum Effect.
C) the observer effect.
D) critical thinking. - CORRECT ANSWER: A) the confirmation bias.
,3. A psychologist has been asked to identify the differences between two
psychology degrees, the Bachelor of Arts and the Bachelor of Science. The
psychologist comes up with the tentative explanation that the Bachelor of Arts
degree requires fewer math and science courses than the Bachelor of Science
degree. This tentative explanation, which must be tested, would constitute which
step in the scientific method?
A) theory building
B) operationally defining the problem
C) proposing a hypothesis
D) gathering evidence through observations - CORRECT ANSWER: C)
proposing a hypothesis
4. Mr. Pfund wants to determine whether therapy reduces symptoms of depression.
He designs an experiment and randomly assigns participants to one of two groups.
In one group, participants receive therapy and, in the other group, participants are
placed on a waitlist for therapy. In this experiment, participants receiving therapy
or being placed on a waitlist for therapy is the _____________ variable.
A) dependent
B) independent
C) extraneous
D) control - CORRECT ANSWER: B) independent
,5. In his experiment, Mr. Pfund determines that therapy does reduce symptoms of
depression. He makes this determination by examining the reduction in the number
of participants' depression symptoms before treatment and after treatment. The
number of depression symptoms is the ___________ variable in this experiment.
A) dependent
B) independent
C) extraneous
D) control - CORRECT ANSWER: A) dependent
6. Random assignment of subjects to groups in an experiment is used to reduce the
effects of
A) the dependent variable.
B) the independent variable.
C) extraneous variables.
D) experimenter bias. - CORRECT ANSWER: C) extraneous variables.
7. Experiments can determine cause-and-effect relationships with the suspected
cause being the
, __________variable.
A) dependent
B) independent
C) extraneous
D) control - CORRECT ANSWER: B) independent
8. Mr. Pfund wants to determine the relationship between the number of therapy
sessions and depression symptoms. He obtained data from over 1,000 therapy
clients in Memphis over a five-year period. When he graphed the number of
therapy sessions and depression symptoms, he found that the more therapy
sessions that someone attended, the less depression symptoms they had. Mr. Pfund
conducted a(n) ______________ study.
A) naturalistic observation
B) survey
C) correlational
D) experimental - CORRECT ANSWER: C) correlational
