Chapter c1 cChemical cneurotransmission
MULTIPLE cCHOICE
1. A cpatient cwith cdepression cmentions cto cthe cnurse, cMy cmother csays cdepression
cis ca cchemical cdisorder. cWhat cdoes cshe cmean? cThe cnurses cresponse cis cbased con
cthe ctheory cthat cdepression cprimarily cinvolves cwhich cof cthe cfollowing
cneurotransmitters?
a. Cortisol cand cGABA
b. COMT cand cglutamate
c. Monamine cand cglycine
d. Serotonin cand cnorepinephrine
ANS: cD
One cpossible ccause cof cdepression cis cthought cto cinvolve cone cor cmore
cneurotransmitters. cSerotonin cand cnorepinephrine chave cbeen cfound cto cbe cimportant
cin cthe cregulation cof cdepression. cThere cis cno cresearch cto csupport cthat cthe cother
coptions cplay ca csignificant crole cin cthe cdevelopment cof cdepression.
2. A cpatient chas cexperienced ca cstroke c(cerebral cvascular caccident) cthat chas
cresulted cin cdamage cto cthe cBroca carea. cWhich cevaluation cdoes cthe cnurse cconduct
cto creinforce cthis cdiagnosis?
a. Observing cthe cpatient cpick cup ca cspoon
b. Asking cthe cpatient cto crecite cthe calphabet
c. Monitoring cthe cpatients cblood cpressure
d. Comparing cthe cpatients cgrip cstrength cin cboth chands
ANS: cB
Accidents cor cstrokes cthat cdamage cBrocas carea cmay cresult cin cthe cinability cto cspeak
c(i.e., cmotor caphasia). cFine cmotor cskills, cblood cpressure ccontrol, cand cmuscle
cstrength care cnot ccontrolled cby cthe cBroca carea cof cthe cleft cfrontal clobe.
3. The cpatient cdiagnosed cwith cschizophrenia casks cwhy cpsychotropic cmedications
care calways cprescribed cby cthe cdoctor. cThe cnurses canswer cwill cbe cbased con
cinformation cthat cthe ctherapeutic caction cof cpsychotropic cdrugs cis cthe cresult cof
ctheir ceffect con:
a. The ctemporal clobe; cespecially cWernickes carea
,b. Dendrites cand ctheir cability cto ctransmit celectrical cimpulses
c. The cregulation cof cneurotransmitters cespecially cdopamine
d. The cperipheral cnervous csystem csensitivity cto cthe cpsychotropic cmedications
,ANS: cC
Medications cused cto ctreat cpsychiatric cdisorders coperate cin cand caround cthe csynaptic
ccleft cand chave caction cat cthe cneurotransmitter clevel, cespecially cin cthe ccase cof
cschizophrenia, con cdopamine. cThe cWernickes carea, cdendrite cfunction, cor cthe
csensitivity cof cthe cperipheral cnervous csystem care cnot crelevant cto ceither
cschizophrenia cor cpsychotropic cmedications.
4. A cstudent cnurse cmutters cthat cit cseems centirely cunnecessary cto chave cto cstruggle
cwith cunderstanding cthe canatomy cand cphysiology cof cthe cneurologic csystem. cThe
cmentor cwould cbase ca cresponse con cthe cunderstanding cthat cit cis:
Necessary cbut cgenerally cfor cpsychiatric cnurses cwho cfocus cprimarily con
a. cbehavioral cinterventions
A ccomplex cundertaking cthat cadvance cpractice cpsychiatric cnurses cfrequently
b. cuse cin ctheir cpractice
Important cprimarily cfor cthe cnursing cassessment cof cpatients cwith cbrain
c. ctraumacaused ccognitive csymptoms
Necessary cfor cplanning cpsychiatric ccare cfor call cpatients cespecially cthose
d. cexperiencing cpsychiatric cdisorders
ANS: cD
Nurses cmust cunderstand cthat cmany csymptoms cof cpsychiatric cdisorders chave ca
cneurologic cbasis, calthough cthe csymptoms care cmanifested cbehaviorally. cThis
cunderstanding cfacilitates ceffective ccare cplanning. cThe cfoundation cof cknowledge cis
cnot cused cexclusively cby cadvanced cpractice cpsychiatric cnurses cnor cis cit crelevant
cfor conly cbehavior ctherapies cor cbrain ctrauma csince cdealing cwith cthe cresults cof
cnormal cand cabnormal cbrain cfunction cis ca cresponsibility cof call cnurses cproviding call
ctypes cof ccare cto cthe cpsychiatric cpatient.
5. A cpatient casks cthe cnurse, cMy cwife chas cbreast ccancer. cCould cit cbe ccaused
cby cher cchronic cdepression? cWhich cresponse cis csupported cby cresearch cdata?
a. Too cmuch cstress chas cbeen cproven cto ccause call ckinds cof ccancer.
b. There chave cbeen cno cresearch cstudies cdone con cstress cand cdisease cyet.
c. Stress cdoes ccause cthe crelease cof cfactors cthat csuppress cthe cimmune csystem.
d. There cappears cto cbe clittle cconnection cbetween cstress cand cdiseases cof cthe cbody
ANS: cC
Research cindicates cthat cstress ccauses ca crelease cof ccorticotropin-releasing cfactors
cthat csuppress cthe cimmune csystem. cStudies cindicate cthat cpsychiatric cdisorders csuch
cas cmood cdisorders care csometimes cassociated cwith cdecreased cfunctioning cof cthe
cimmune csystem. cResearch cdoes cnot csupport ca cconnection cbetween cmany ccancers
cand cstress. cThere cis ca csignificant camount cof cresearch cabout cstress cand cthe cbody.
cResearch chas cshown cthat cthere care csome cconnections cbetween cstress cand cphysical
cdisease.
, 6. A cpatient cwho chas ca cparietal clobe cinjury cis cbeing cevaluated cfor cpsychiatric
crehabilitation cneeds. cOf cthe caspects cof cfunctioning clisted, cwhich cwill cthe cnurse
cidentify cas ca cfocus cof cnursing cintervention?
a. Expression cof cemotion
b. Detecting cauditory cstimuli
c. Receiving cvisual cimages
d. Processing cassociations
ANS: cD
The cparietal clobe cis cresponsible cfor cassociating cand cprocessing csensory
cinformation cthat callows cfor cfunctions csuch cas cfollowing cdirections con ca cmap,
creading ca cclock, cdressing cself, ckeeping cappointments, cand cdistinguishing cright
cfrom cleft. cEmotional cexpression cis cassociated cwith cfrontal clobe cfunction.
cDetecting cauditory cstimuli cis ca ctemporal clobe cfunction. cReceiving cvisual cimages
cis crelated cto coccipital clobe cfunction.
7. At cadmission, cthe cnurse clearns cthat csome ctime cago cthe cpatient chad can cinfarct
cin cthe cright ccerebral ccortex. cDuring cassessment, cthe cnurse cwould cexpect cto cfind
cthat cthe cpatient:
a. Demonstrates cmajor cdeficiencies cin cspeech
b. Is cunable cto ceffectively chold ca cspoon cin cthe cleft chand
c. Has cdifficulty cexplaining chow cto cgo cabout cusing cthe ctelephone
d. Cannot cuse chis cright chand cto cshave chimself cor ccomb chis cown chair
ANS: cB
The ccerebral chemispheres care cresponsible cfor cfunctions csuch cas ccontrol cof
cmuscles. cThe cright chemisphere cmainly ccontrols cthe cmotor cand csensory cfunctions
con cthe cleft cside cof cthe cbody. cDamage cto cthe cright cside cwould cresult cin cimpaired
cfunction con cthe cleft cside cof cthe cbody. cThe cmotor ccortex ccontrols cvoluntary cmotor
cactivity. cBrocas carea ccontrols cmotor cspeech. cCognitive cfunctions care cattributed cto
cthe cassociation ccortex.
The cright cside cof cthe cbodys cmotor cactivity cis ccontrolled cby cthe cleft ccerebral ccortex.
8. A cpatient cwith cchronic cschizophrenia chad ca cstroke cinvolving cthe chippocampus.
cThe cpatient cwill cbe cdischarged con clow cdoses cof chaloperidol. cThe cnurse cwill
cneed cto cindividualize cthe cpatients cmedication cteaching cby:
a. Including cthe cpatients ccaregiver cin cthe ceducation
b. Being ccareful cto cstress cthe cimportance cof ctaking cthe cmedication cas cprescribed
Providing cthe ceducation cat ca ctime cwhen cthe cpatient cis cemotionally ccalm cand
c. crelaxed
Encouraging cthe cpatient cto ccrush cor cdissolve cthe cmedication cto chelp cwith
d. cswallowing
ANS: cA
MULTIPLE cCHOICE
1. A cpatient cwith cdepression cmentions cto cthe cnurse, cMy cmother csays cdepression
cis ca cchemical cdisorder. cWhat cdoes cshe cmean? cThe cnurses cresponse cis cbased con
cthe ctheory cthat cdepression cprimarily cinvolves cwhich cof cthe cfollowing
cneurotransmitters?
a. Cortisol cand cGABA
b. COMT cand cglutamate
c. Monamine cand cglycine
d. Serotonin cand cnorepinephrine
ANS: cD
One cpossible ccause cof cdepression cis cthought cto cinvolve cone cor cmore
cneurotransmitters. cSerotonin cand cnorepinephrine chave cbeen cfound cto cbe cimportant
cin cthe cregulation cof cdepression. cThere cis cno cresearch cto csupport cthat cthe cother
coptions cplay ca csignificant crole cin cthe cdevelopment cof cdepression.
2. A cpatient chas cexperienced ca cstroke c(cerebral cvascular caccident) cthat chas
cresulted cin cdamage cto cthe cBroca carea. cWhich cevaluation cdoes cthe cnurse cconduct
cto creinforce cthis cdiagnosis?
a. Observing cthe cpatient cpick cup ca cspoon
b. Asking cthe cpatient cto crecite cthe calphabet
c. Monitoring cthe cpatients cblood cpressure
d. Comparing cthe cpatients cgrip cstrength cin cboth chands
ANS: cB
Accidents cor cstrokes cthat cdamage cBrocas carea cmay cresult cin cthe cinability cto cspeak
c(i.e., cmotor caphasia). cFine cmotor cskills, cblood cpressure ccontrol, cand cmuscle
cstrength care cnot ccontrolled cby cthe cBroca carea cof cthe cleft cfrontal clobe.
3. The cpatient cdiagnosed cwith cschizophrenia casks cwhy cpsychotropic cmedications
care calways cprescribed cby cthe cdoctor. cThe cnurses canswer cwill cbe cbased con
cinformation cthat cthe ctherapeutic caction cof cpsychotropic cdrugs cis cthe cresult cof
ctheir ceffect con:
a. The ctemporal clobe; cespecially cWernickes carea
,b. Dendrites cand ctheir cability cto ctransmit celectrical cimpulses
c. The cregulation cof cneurotransmitters cespecially cdopamine
d. The cperipheral cnervous csystem csensitivity cto cthe cpsychotropic cmedications
,ANS: cC
Medications cused cto ctreat cpsychiatric cdisorders coperate cin cand caround cthe csynaptic
ccleft cand chave caction cat cthe cneurotransmitter clevel, cespecially cin cthe ccase cof
cschizophrenia, con cdopamine. cThe cWernickes carea, cdendrite cfunction, cor cthe
csensitivity cof cthe cperipheral cnervous csystem care cnot crelevant cto ceither
cschizophrenia cor cpsychotropic cmedications.
4. A cstudent cnurse cmutters cthat cit cseems centirely cunnecessary cto chave cto cstruggle
cwith cunderstanding cthe canatomy cand cphysiology cof cthe cneurologic csystem. cThe
cmentor cwould cbase ca cresponse con cthe cunderstanding cthat cit cis:
Necessary cbut cgenerally cfor cpsychiatric cnurses cwho cfocus cprimarily con
a. cbehavioral cinterventions
A ccomplex cundertaking cthat cadvance cpractice cpsychiatric cnurses cfrequently
b. cuse cin ctheir cpractice
Important cprimarily cfor cthe cnursing cassessment cof cpatients cwith cbrain
c. ctraumacaused ccognitive csymptoms
Necessary cfor cplanning cpsychiatric ccare cfor call cpatients cespecially cthose
d. cexperiencing cpsychiatric cdisorders
ANS: cD
Nurses cmust cunderstand cthat cmany csymptoms cof cpsychiatric cdisorders chave ca
cneurologic cbasis, calthough cthe csymptoms care cmanifested cbehaviorally. cThis
cunderstanding cfacilitates ceffective ccare cplanning. cThe cfoundation cof cknowledge cis
cnot cused cexclusively cby cadvanced cpractice cpsychiatric cnurses cnor cis cit crelevant
cfor conly cbehavior ctherapies cor cbrain ctrauma csince cdealing cwith cthe cresults cof
cnormal cand cabnormal cbrain cfunction cis ca cresponsibility cof call cnurses cproviding call
ctypes cof ccare cto cthe cpsychiatric cpatient.
5. A cpatient casks cthe cnurse, cMy cwife chas cbreast ccancer. cCould cit cbe ccaused
cby cher cchronic cdepression? cWhich cresponse cis csupported cby cresearch cdata?
a. Too cmuch cstress chas cbeen cproven cto ccause call ckinds cof ccancer.
b. There chave cbeen cno cresearch cstudies cdone con cstress cand cdisease cyet.
c. Stress cdoes ccause cthe crelease cof cfactors cthat csuppress cthe cimmune csystem.
d. There cappears cto cbe clittle cconnection cbetween cstress cand cdiseases cof cthe cbody
ANS: cC
Research cindicates cthat cstress ccauses ca crelease cof ccorticotropin-releasing cfactors
cthat csuppress cthe cimmune csystem. cStudies cindicate cthat cpsychiatric cdisorders csuch
cas cmood cdisorders care csometimes cassociated cwith cdecreased cfunctioning cof cthe
cimmune csystem. cResearch cdoes cnot csupport ca cconnection cbetween cmany ccancers
cand cstress. cThere cis ca csignificant camount cof cresearch cabout cstress cand cthe cbody.
cResearch chas cshown cthat cthere care csome cconnections cbetween cstress cand cphysical
cdisease.
, 6. A cpatient cwho chas ca cparietal clobe cinjury cis cbeing cevaluated cfor cpsychiatric
crehabilitation cneeds. cOf cthe caspects cof cfunctioning clisted, cwhich cwill cthe cnurse
cidentify cas ca cfocus cof cnursing cintervention?
a. Expression cof cemotion
b. Detecting cauditory cstimuli
c. Receiving cvisual cimages
d. Processing cassociations
ANS: cD
The cparietal clobe cis cresponsible cfor cassociating cand cprocessing csensory
cinformation cthat callows cfor cfunctions csuch cas cfollowing cdirections con ca cmap,
creading ca cclock, cdressing cself, ckeeping cappointments, cand cdistinguishing cright
cfrom cleft. cEmotional cexpression cis cassociated cwith cfrontal clobe cfunction.
cDetecting cauditory cstimuli cis ca ctemporal clobe cfunction. cReceiving cvisual cimages
cis crelated cto coccipital clobe cfunction.
7. At cadmission, cthe cnurse clearns cthat csome ctime cago cthe cpatient chad can cinfarct
cin cthe cright ccerebral ccortex. cDuring cassessment, cthe cnurse cwould cexpect cto cfind
cthat cthe cpatient:
a. Demonstrates cmajor cdeficiencies cin cspeech
b. Is cunable cto ceffectively chold ca cspoon cin cthe cleft chand
c. Has cdifficulty cexplaining chow cto cgo cabout cusing cthe ctelephone
d. Cannot cuse chis cright chand cto cshave chimself cor ccomb chis cown chair
ANS: cB
The ccerebral chemispheres care cresponsible cfor cfunctions csuch cas ccontrol cof
cmuscles. cThe cright chemisphere cmainly ccontrols cthe cmotor cand csensory cfunctions
con cthe cleft cside cof cthe cbody. cDamage cto cthe cright cside cwould cresult cin cimpaired
cfunction con cthe cleft cside cof cthe cbody. cThe cmotor ccortex ccontrols cvoluntary cmotor
cactivity. cBrocas carea ccontrols cmotor cspeech. cCognitive cfunctions care cattributed cto
cthe cassociation ccortex.
The cright cside cof cthe cbodys cmotor cactivity cis ccontrolled cby cthe cleft ccerebral ccortex.
8. A cpatient cwith cchronic cschizophrenia chad ca cstroke cinvolving cthe chippocampus.
cThe cpatient cwill cbe cdischarged con clow cdoses cof chaloperidol. cThe cnurse cwill
cneed cto cindividualize cthe cpatients cmedication cteaching cby:
a. Including cthe cpatients ccaregiver cin cthe ceducation
b. Being ccareful cto cstress cthe cimportance cof ctaking cthe cmedication cas cprescribed
Providing cthe ceducation cat ca ctime cwhen cthe cpatient cis cemotionally ccalm cand
c. crelaxed
Encouraging cthe cpatient cto ccrush cor cdissolve cthe cmedication cto chelp cwith
d. cswallowing
ANS: cA
