CURRENT Diagnosis and Treatment Pediatrics, 26th Edition
TEST BANK by Maya Bunik; William W. Hay,
True or False: Restorations are used to stop caries - ANSWER:False! Restorations
repair the tooth structure ... they *do NOT treat the disease that is causing the
caries*
List the steps involved in treatment planning for a pediatric patient - ANSWER:- Step
#1: Comprehensive oral examination and caries risk assessment
- Step #2: Evaluation of data and diagnoses
- Step #3: Decide on the restorative plan & behavior guidance approach
- Step #4: Determine recall regimen based on caries risk
- Step #5: Formulate a treatment plan based on caries risk and the behavior guidance
approach
What factors place a child at *high caries risk*? - ANSWER:- Decayed, missing, filled
surfaces greater than the child's age
- Numerous white spot lesions
- High levels of mutans streptococci
- Low SES
- High caries rate in siblings/parent
- Diet high in sugar
- Presence of dental appliances
What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for children who
have *primary teeth* with *high caries risk*? - ANSWER:Posterior BW exam at *6-12
month intervals* if the proximal surfaces cannot be examined visually or with a
probe
What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for children who
have *primary teeth* and *no clinical caries and not at increased risk for caries*? -
ANSWER:Posterior BW exam at *12-24 month intervals* if the proximal surfaces
cannot be examined visually or with a probe
For *primary teeth* how long does it take for decay to progress through *outer half
of enamel*? - ANSWER:~1 year
For *primary teeth* how long does it take for decay to progress through *inner half
of enamel*? - ANSWER:~1 year
For *permanent teeth* how long does it take for decay to progress *entirely through
enamel*? - ANSWER:~3 years
What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for adolescents who
have *permanent teeth* and *LOW caries risk*? - ANSWER:18-36 month recall
, What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for adolescents who
have *permanent teeth* and *HIGH caries risk*? - ANSWER:6-12 months
True or False: Immature permanent teeth are susceptible to faster decay progression
than adult permanent teeth - ANSWER:True!
What is a normal finding associated with the *lower primary first molars* that is
occasionally mistaken for pathology? - ANSWER:The lower primary first molars often
have an area of *less dense interradicular bone* ... this should NOT be confused
with a furcation radiolucency
What is a normal finding associated with the *primary maxillary first molar* that is
occasionally mistaken for decay? - ANSWER:There is a discrepancy between the MD
width = on the X-ray you see overlap which may be mistaken for a carious
radiolucency, but is actually the mesial concavity and is NOT pathology
How can you *distinguish the less dense interradicular bone* associated with a
primary first molar *from a furcation radiolucency*? - ANSWER:Look for an intact
lamina dura, intact PDL space, presence of interradicular trabeculation, and absence
of decay!
True or False: Glass ionomer is a *temporary* material - ANSWER:True!
What are the *indications* for *pulpectomy*? - ANSWER:- Teeth with deep decay
and evidence of chronic, irreversible inflammation or necrosis of the pulp
- Carious exposure of a vital primary incisor or canine
- Retention of the tooth is required/desired (eg. 2nd primary molar before eruption
of the 1st permanent molar)
What are the *properties* of *glass ionomers* that make them *favorable to use in
children*? - ANSWER:- Chemical bonding to both enamel and dentin
- Thermal expansion similar to that of tooth structure
- Biocompatibility
- Uptake and release of fluoride
- Decreased moisture sensitivity = easier to work with if you cannot obtain perfect
isolation
If a patient is *not cooperative* or the *tooth is NOT appropriately and continuously
isolated* which restorative material should be used: composite resin or RMGI? -
ANSWER:*Use RMGI!* = does not require the same level of isolation that is
necessary for using a resin composite
What is the *first choice* of material for a *sealant*? - ANSWER:Resin-based
sealants
TEST BANK by Maya Bunik; William W. Hay,
True or False: Restorations are used to stop caries - ANSWER:False! Restorations
repair the tooth structure ... they *do NOT treat the disease that is causing the
caries*
List the steps involved in treatment planning for a pediatric patient - ANSWER:- Step
#1: Comprehensive oral examination and caries risk assessment
- Step #2: Evaluation of data and diagnoses
- Step #3: Decide on the restorative plan & behavior guidance approach
- Step #4: Determine recall regimen based on caries risk
- Step #5: Formulate a treatment plan based on caries risk and the behavior guidance
approach
What factors place a child at *high caries risk*? - ANSWER:- Decayed, missing, filled
surfaces greater than the child's age
- Numerous white spot lesions
- High levels of mutans streptococci
- Low SES
- High caries rate in siblings/parent
- Diet high in sugar
- Presence of dental appliances
What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for children who
have *primary teeth* with *high caries risk*? - ANSWER:Posterior BW exam at *6-12
month intervals* if the proximal surfaces cannot be examined visually or with a
probe
What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for children who
have *primary teeth* and *no clinical caries and not at increased risk for caries*? -
ANSWER:Posterior BW exam at *12-24 month intervals* if the proximal surfaces
cannot be examined visually or with a probe
For *primary teeth* how long does it take for decay to progress through *outer half
of enamel*? - ANSWER:~1 year
For *primary teeth* how long does it take for decay to progress through *inner half
of enamel*? - ANSWER:~1 year
For *permanent teeth* how long does it take for decay to progress *entirely through
enamel*? - ANSWER:~3 years
What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for adolescents who
have *permanent teeth* and *LOW caries risk*? - ANSWER:18-36 month recall
, What is the recommended *radiograph interval* recommended for adolescents who
have *permanent teeth* and *HIGH caries risk*? - ANSWER:6-12 months
True or False: Immature permanent teeth are susceptible to faster decay progression
than adult permanent teeth - ANSWER:True!
What is a normal finding associated with the *lower primary first molars* that is
occasionally mistaken for pathology? - ANSWER:The lower primary first molars often
have an area of *less dense interradicular bone* ... this should NOT be confused
with a furcation radiolucency
What is a normal finding associated with the *primary maxillary first molar* that is
occasionally mistaken for decay? - ANSWER:There is a discrepancy between the MD
width = on the X-ray you see overlap which may be mistaken for a carious
radiolucency, but is actually the mesial concavity and is NOT pathology
How can you *distinguish the less dense interradicular bone* associated with a
primary first molar *from a furcation radiolucency*? - ANSWER:Look for an intact
lamina dura, intact PDL space, presence of interradicular trabeculation, and absence
of decay!
True or False: Glass ionomer is a *temporary* material - ANSWER:True!
What are the *indications* for *pulpectomy*? - ANSWER:- Teeth with deep decay
and evidence of chronic, irreversible inflammation or necrosis of the pulp
- Carious exposure of a vital primary incisor or canine
- Retention of the tooth is required/desired (eg. 2nd primary molar before eruption
of the 1st permanent molar)
What are the *properties* of *glass ionomers* that make them *favorable to use in
children*? - ANSWER:- Chemical bonding to both enamel and dentin
- Thermal expansion similar to that of tooth structure
- Biocompatibility
- Uptake and release of fluoride
- Decreased moisture sensitivity = easier to work with if you cannot obtain perfect
isolation
If a patient is *not cooperative* or the *tooth is NOT appropriately and continuously
isolated* which restorative material should be used: composite resin or RMGI? -
ANSWER:*Use RMGI!* = does not require the same level of isolation that is
necessary for using a resin composite
What is the *first choice* of material for a *sealant*? - ANSWER:Resin-based
sealants
