Nutrition 1020 Lipids with verified solutions 2024

What features make fatty acids / triglycerides different from one another? The backbone of a triglyceride molecule is glycerol, consisting of a small chain of three carbon-based groups. A fatty acid is attached to every carbon group, resulting in a complete triglyceride. What are triglycerides made of? fatty acids + glycerol Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More Describe saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fats. What foods contain these fats? saturated: fat molecules that have no double bonds between carbon molecules; butter, pork monounsaturated: fat molecules that have one unsaturated carbon bond in the molecule; olive & canola oil polyunsaturated: fat molecules that have more than one unsaturated carbon bond in the molecule; corn & soybean oil, salmon What are phospholipids and where do we find them in our cells? a (fatty acid) lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule phospholipids are found in the cell membrane of organisms What foods contain essential fatty acids? Why are they essential? Fish oil, salad dressing, salmon, almonds, eggs They're essential because they prevent atherosclerosis, reduces heart disease and stroke, and relief from the symptoms associated with ulcerative colitis and menstrual pain, and joint pain. Aids in forming cell walls and improving circulation and oxygen uptake. Why is it recommended that we consume omega-3 fatty acids from foods like fish or supplements? What can we expect if we take a fish oil supplement? decreases blood clotting, inflammation, and reduces the risk for heart disease mercury toxicity What are lipoproteins? Name them. What is the source of the lipids they carry? Chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL; transports (lipids) Triglycerides (fat), Cholesterol, Fat soluble vitamins How do Chylomicrons and VLDL drop off their triglyceride cargo to cells while circulating in blood? Chylomicrons and VLDL enter the bloodstream and bind to the walls of capillaries in adipose and skeletal muscle tissue which interact with the enzyme lipoprotein lipase What is atherosclerosis? What is the consequence? a disease of the arteries; when arteries are blocked and causes heart attacks How do lipoproteins influence the development of atherosclerosis. LDL collects in walls of the artery which develops atherosclerosis (blocked arteries) What are healthy and unhealthy levels of LDL, HDL and total cholesterol? LDL: Healthy- less than 100mg/dL