Chapter 31: The Nurse in Schools
school nursing - correct answer ✔a specialized practice of professional
nursing that advances the well-being, academic success, and lifelong
achievement of health students
-give comprehensive nursing care to the children and the staff at the school
-they coordinate health education programs of the school and consult with
school officials to help identify and care for other persons in the community
-can give care to those in juvenile detention centers, in preschools, daycare
centers, during field trips, sporting events, and in the children's homes
-they must be flexible in providing care, education, and help to those who
need it
history of school nursing - correct answer ✔began with the earliest efforts of
nurses to care for people in the community
-Began in the late 1800s in England, the Metropolitan Association of Nursing
provided medical examinations for children in the schools of London
-1982: nurses in the London were responsible for checking the nutrition of the
children in schools
-1897: nurses in NYC schools began to identify ill children; they then excluded
these children from classes so that other children would not be infected
-many states had laws in the late 1800s mandating that within the schools,
nurses teach about the abuse of alcohol and narcotics
-1902: in NYC, Lilian Wald's Henry Street Settlement nurse began going into
the homes and schools to assess children (PHN were only in 4 schools at this
point) and made plans to identify those with lice, children with infected
wounds, TB, and other infectious diseases
-by 1920: school nurse teachers were employed by most municipal health
depts
-in 1940s: the nurses were employed mostly by the school districts directly
,-after WWII, and into the 1950s, as a result of increased use of immunizations
and antibiotics, the number of children with communicable disease in schools
decreased (which shifted what school nurses focused on, no longer
communicable disease)
federal legislation (in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s) - correct answer
✔Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
-Part of Public Law
-was an important step in helping all children enjoy a normal educational
experience
-children cannot be excluded from schools because of a handicap; the school
must provide health services that each child needs
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
-required that children with disabilities have services provided for them in
schools
-all children should attend school in the least restrictive environment; requires
school district's committee on the handicapped to develop individualized
education plans for children
Americans With Disabilities Act (1992)
-required more children be allowed to attend schools
-persons with disabilities cannot be excluded from activities
Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (1997)
•Individualized education plans (IEPs)
-plans to decide educational accommodations for disabled children (education
services must be offered by the schools for all disabled children from birth
through the age of 22)
, -schools had to make allowances for children with special needs, ensuring it
that their experience was in balance with their health care needs
•Individualized health plans (IHPs)
-plans to decide the health needs of disabled children in the school
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
-requires a healthy environment in schools
Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004
-this was passed to address obesity and to promote healthy eating and
physical activity through changes in school environments
-designated that each local education agency (LEA) participating in federal
school meal programs such as the National School Lunch or Breakfast
Program, must establish a local school wellness policy
Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010
-authorized funding and set policy for federal school meals and child nutrition
roles and functions of school nurses - correct answer ✔give care to children
as direct caregivers, educators, counselors, and case managers
-they must coordinate the health care of many students in their schools with
the healthcare that the children receive from their own health care providers
and be leaders in schools
-having enough adequate school nurse staffing is important; fewer nurses in
schools means nurses are expected to perform many different functions (thus
unable to provide comprehensive care that students need)
-there should be 1 nurse for every 750 students in each school
Provide comprehensive nursing care to children and staff at the school.
school nursing - correct answer ✔a specialized practice of professional
nursing that advances the well-being, academic success, and lifelong
achievement of health students
-give comprehensive nursing care to the children and the staff at the school
-they coordinate health education programs of the school and consult with
school officials to help identify and care for other persons in the community
-can give care to those in juvenile detention centers, in preschools, daycare
centers, during field trips, sporting events, and in the children's homes
-they must be flexible in providing care, education, and help to those who
need it
history of school nursing - correct answer ✔began with the earliest efforts of
nurses to care for people in the community
-Began in the late 1800s in England, the Metropolitan Association of Nursing
provided medical examinations for children in the schools of London
-1982: nurses in the London were responsible for checking the nutrition of the
children in schools
-1897: nurses in NYC schools began to identify ill children; they then excluded
these children from classes so that other children would not be infected
-many states had laws in the late 1800s mandating that within the schools,
nurses teach about the abuse of alcohol and narcotics
-1902: in NYC, Lilian Wald's Henry Street Settlement nurse began going into
the homes and schools to assess children (PHN were only in 4 schools at this
point) and made plans to identify those with lice, children with infected
wounds, TB, and other infectious diseases
-by 1920: school nurse teachers were employed by most municipal health
depts
-in 1940s: the nurses were employed mostly by the school districts directly
,-after WWII, and into the 1950s, as a result of increased use of immunizations
and antibiotics, the number of children with communicable disease in schools
decreased (which shifted what school nurses focused on, no longer
communicable disease)
federal legislation (in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s) - correct answer
✔Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
-Part of Public Law
-was an important step in helping all children enjoy a normal educational
experience
-children cannot be excluded from schools because of a handicap; the school
must provide health services that each child needs
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
-required that children with disabilities have services provided for them in
schools
-all children should attend school in the least restrictive environment; requires
school district's committee on the handicapped to develop individualized
education plans for children
Americans With Disabilities Act (1992)
-required more children be allowed to attend schools
-persons with disabilities cannot be excluded from activities
Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (1997)
•Individualized education plans (IEPs)
-plans to decide educational accommodations for disabled children (education
services must be offered by the schools for all disabled children from birth
through the age of 22)
, -schools had to make allowances for children with special needs, ensuring it
that their experience was in balance with their health care needs
•Individualized health plans (IHPs)
-plans to decide the health needs of disabled children in the school
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
-requires a healthy environment in schools
Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004
-this was passed to address obesity and to promote healthy eating and
physical activity through changes in school environments
-designated that each local education agency (LEA) participating in federal
school meal programs such as the National School Lunch or Breakfast
Program, must establish a local school wellness policy
Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010
-authorized funding and set policy for federal school meals and child nutrition
roles and functions of school nurses - correct answer ✔give care to children
as direct caregivers, educators, counselors, and case managers
-they must coordinate the health care of many students in their schools with
the healthcare that the children receive from their own health care providers
and be leaders in schools
-having enough adequate school nurse staffing is important; fewer nurses in
schools means nurses are expected to perform many different functions (thus
unable to provide comprehensive care that students need)
-there should be 1 nurse for every 750 students in each school
Provide comprehensive nursing care to children and staff at the school.
