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Sumario Esquema/resumen de embriología, anatomía, histología y fisiología de Hipotálamo e Hipófisis

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MEDICINA INTERNA II – ENDOCRINOLOGÍA CAVA JESSICA




Epitálamo
Tubo Tálamo
Prosencéfalo Diencéfalo
neural
4 semana 5 semana Hipotálamo
3 semana
Infundíbulo
6 semana




Ectodermo oral: Divertículo
Adenohipófisis
hipofisario en el techo del Bolsa de Ranke
(porción glandular) estomodeo




Neurohipófisis Neuroectodermo:
Divertículo neurohipofisario
(porción nerviosa)
en el suelo del diencéfalo


2

, MEDICINA INTERNA II – ENDOCRINOLOGÍA Oxitocina CAVA JESSICA
Células
Células
magnocelulares ADH
hipotalámicas

(células
peptidérgicas) Dopamina

Somatostatina
Células
TRH
parvicelulares
GHRH

LHRH

CRH

ACIDÓFILAS

Somatotrofas (50%) -GH

75 % de hipófisis Lactotrofas (15%) -PRL

Adenohipófisis BASÓFILAS
Pars distals Células dispuestas en cordones o cúmulos alrededor de
redes capilares Tirotrofas (5-10%) - TSH

Capilares fenestrados (sinusoides) Gonadotrofas (10%) - FSH y LH

Escaso tejido conectivo Corticotrofas (15%) - ACTH




Pequeñas cavidades quísticas
Pars
intermedia Células parenquimatosas que rodean folículos llenos de coloide

No es muy clara su función



Poseen receptores para melatonina
Pars
tuberalis Vénulas portales




Pituicitos
Oxitocina
Fibras amielínicas, provienen de las neuronas neurosecretoras cuyo cuerpo están en los
ADH
núcleos supraóptico y paraventricular del hipotálamo 3
Pars Los axones terminan en capilares fenestrados y tienen vesículas de secreción de 3 tipos:
Neurohipófisis
nerviosa - Vesículas de neurosecreción 10-30 nm (dilataciones=cuerpos de Herring)
- Vesículas 30 nm con acetilcolina
- Vesículas 50-80 nm

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376
Uploaded on
September 8, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
2023/2024
Type
SUMMARY

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