GERONTOLOGY HESI TEST 2024-2025 |ACTUAL COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS ) ALREADY GRADED A+
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a
nasogastric tube is known as what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - ANSWER-Lavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose
of medication, or other toxic substance. It is delivered through a
nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis.
Her daughter, with whom she lives and who prepares many of her
meals, asks what types of foods she should incorporate into her diet
and which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food
that this patient should be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - ANSWER-Lean red meat
,Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat.
High quality proteins produce less waste and help the body heal and
maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients should avoid foods high
in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should
eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After
testing, you determine she is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the
following, which would LEAST likely be a differential diagnosis for
Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - ANSWER-Migraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential
diagnoses of the condition are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the
result of smoking. Counseling regarding smoking cessation is part of
the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for treating
tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
,Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - ANSWER-Ask, Advise, Assess,
Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an
attempt to quit, Assist in this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that
she is concerned about. How do you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. - ANSWER-Wheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla:
fluidfilled, elevated, circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm.
Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's
0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules;
elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic
aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked females aged 65-75 who
have hypertension males and females over 75 females over 75 -
ANSWER-males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
, Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in
females. The American Heart Association recommends screening
males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever smoked since that
increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe
what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - ANSWER-Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: -
Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin -
Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia:
Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just
came in from the woods and discovered a tick on his upper right
thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly
red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS ) ALREADY GRADED A+
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a
nasogastric tube is known as what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - ANSWER-Lavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose
of medication, or other toxic substance. It is delivered through a
nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis.
Her daughter, with whom she lives and who prepares many of her
meals, asks what types of foods she should incorporate into her diet
and which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food
that this patient should be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - ANSWER-Lean red meat
,Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat.
High quality proteins produce less waste and help the body heal and
maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients should avoid foods high
in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should
eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After
testing, you determine she is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the
following, which would LEAST likely be a differential diagnosis for
Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - ANSWER-Migraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential
diagnoses of the condition are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the
result of smoking. Counseling regarding smoking cessation is part of
the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for treating
tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
,Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - ANSWER-Ask, Advise, Assess,
Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an
attempt to quit, Assist in this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that
she is concerned about. How do you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. - ANSWER-Wheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla:
fluidfilled, elevated, circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm.
Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's
0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules;
elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic
aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked females aged 65-75 who
have hypertension males and females over 75 females over 75 -
ANSWER-males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
, Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in
females. The American Heart Association recommends screening
males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever smoked since that
increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe
what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - ANSWER-Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: -
Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin -
Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia:
Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just
came in from the woods and discovered a tick on his upper right
thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly
red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
