TEST BANK For Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children,
12th Edition (Hockenberry, 2024), Verified Chapters 1 - 34,
Complete Newest Version
Which child should the nurse document as being anemic?
a. 7-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 11.5 g/dl
b. 3-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 12 g/dl
c. 14-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 10 g/dl
d. 1-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 13 g/dl - ANSWER: d. 1-year-old child with a
hemoglobin of 13 g/dl
Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells, or hemoglobin
concentration, is reduced below the normal values for age. Anemia is defined as a
hemoglobin level below 10 or 11 g/dl. The child with a hemoglobin of 10 g/dl would
be considered anemic. The normal hemoglobin for a child after 2 years of age is 11.5
to 15.5 g/dl.
Several blood tests are ordered for a preschool child with severe anemia. The child is
crying and upset because of memories of the venipuncture done at the clinic 2 days
ago. The nurse should explain:
a. venipuncture discomfort is very brief.
b. only one venipuncture will be needed.
c. topical application of local anesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain.
d. most blood tests on children require only a finger puncture because a small
amount of blood is needed. - ANSWER: c. topical application of local anesthetic can
eliminate venipuncture pain.
Preschool children are concerned with both pain and the loss of blood. When
preparing the child for venipuncture, the nurse will use a topical anesthetic to
eliminate any pain. This is a traumatic experience for preschool children. They are
concerned about their bodily integrity. A local anesthetic should be used, and a
bandage should be applied to maintain bodily integrity. The nurse should not
promise one attempt in case multiple attempts are required. Both finger punctures
and venipunctures are traumatic for children. Both require preparation.
The nurse is planning activity for a 4-year-old child with anemia. Which activity
should the nurse plan for this child?
a. Game of "hide and seek" in the children's outdoor play area
b. Participation in dance activities in the playroom
c. Puppet play in the child's room
d. A walk down to the hospital lobby - ANSWER: c. Puppet play in the child's room
,Because the basic pathologic process in anemia is a decrease in oxygen-carrying
capacity, an important nursing responsibility is to assess the child's energy level and
minimize excess demands. The child's level of tolerance for activities of daily living
and play is assessed, and adjustments are made to allow as much self-care as
possible without undue exertion. Puppet play in the child's room would not be overly
tiring. Hide and seek, dancing, and walking to the lobby would not conserve the
anemic child's energy.
The nurse is teaching parents about the importance of iron in a toddler's diet. Which
explains why iron deficiency anemia is common during toddler-hood?
a. Milk is a poor source of iron.
b. Iron cannot be stored during fetal development.
c. Fetal iron stores are depleted by age 1 month.
d. Dietary iron cannot be started until age 12 months. - ANSWER: a. Milk is a poor
source of iron.
Children between the ages of 12 and 36 months are at risk for anemia because cow's
milk is a major component of their diet and it is a poor source of iron. Iron is stored
during fetal development, but the amount stored depends on maternal iron stores.
Fetal iron stores are usually depleted by age 5 to 6 months. Dietary iron can be
introduced by breastfeeding, iron-fortified formula, and cereals during the first 12
months of life.
The nurse is teaching parents of an infant about the causes of iron deficiency
anemia. Which statement best describes iron deficiency anemia in infants?
a. It is caused by depression of the hematopoietic system.
b. It is easily diagnosed because of an infant's emaciated appearance.
c. Clinical manifestations are similar regardless of the cause of the anemia.
d. Clinical manifestations result from a decreased intake of milk and the premature
addition of solid foods. - ANSWER: c. Clinical manifestations are similar regardless of
the cause of the anemia.
In iron deficiency anemia, the child's clinical appearance is a result of the anemia,
not the underlying cause. Usually the hematopoietic system is not depressed in iron
deficiency anemia. The bone marrow produces red cells that are smaller and contain
less hemoglobin than normal red cells. Children who are iron deficient from drinking
excessive quantities of milk are usually pale and overweight. They are receiving
sufficient calories, but are deficient in essential nutrients. The clinical manifestations
result from decreased intake of iron-fortified solid foods and an excessive intake of
milk.
Which should the nurse include when teaching the mother of a 9-month-old infant
about administering liquid iron preparations?
a. They should be given with meals.
, b. They should be stopped immediately if nausea and vomiting occur.
c. Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green color.
d. Allow preparation to mix with saliva and bathe the teeth before swallowing. -
ANSWER: c. Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green color.
The nurse should prepare the mother for the anticipated change in the child's stools.
If the iron dose is adequate, the stools will become a tarry green color. The lack of
the color change may indicate insufficient iron. The iron should be given in two
divided doses between meals when the presence of free hydrochloric acid is
greatest. Iron is absorbed best in an acidic environment. Vomiting and diarrhea may
occur with iron administration. If these occur, the iron should be given with meals,
and the dosage reduced, then gradually increased as the child develops tolerance.
Liquid preparations of iron stain the teeth. They should be administered through a
straw and the mouth rinsed after administration.
Iron dextran is ordered for a young child with severe iron deficiency anemia. Nursing
considerations include to:
a. administer with meals.
b. administer between meals.
c. inject deeply into a large muscle.
d. massage injection site for 5 minutes after administration of drug. - ANSWER: c.
inject deeply into a large muscle.
Iron dextran is a parenteral form of iron. When administered intramuscularly, it must
be injected into a large muscle. Iron dextran is for intramuscular or intravenous (IV)
administration. The site should not be massaged to prevent leakage, potential
irritation, and staining of the skin.
The nurse is recommending how to prevent iron deficiency anemia in a healthy,
term, breast-fed infant. Which should be suggested?
a. Iron (ferrous sulfate) drops after age 1 month
b. Iron-fortified commercial formula by age 4 to 6 months
c. Iron-fortified infant cereal by age 2 months
d. Iron-fortified infant cereal by age 4 to 6 months - ANSWER: d. Iron-fortified infant
cereal by age 4 to 6 months
Breast milk supplies inadequate iron for growth and development after age 5
months. Supplementation is necessary at this time. The mother can supplement the
breastfeeding with iron-fortified infant cereal. Iron supplementation or the
introduction of solid foods in a breast-fed baby is not indicated. Providing iron-
fortified commercial formula by age 4 to 6 months should be done only if the mother
is choosing to discontinue breastfeeding.
12th Edition (Hockenberry, 2024), Verified Chapters 1 - 34,
Complete Newest Version
Which child should the nurse document as being anemic?
a. 7-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 11.5 g/dl
b. 3-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 12 g/dl
c. 14-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 10 g/dl
d. 1-year-old child with a hemoglobin of 13 g/dl - ANSWER: d. 1-year-old child with a
hemoglobin of 13 g/dl
Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells, or hemoglobin
concentration, is reduced below the normal values for age. Anemia is defined as a
hemoglobin level below 10 or 11 g/dl. The child with a hemoglobin of 10 g/dl would
be considered anemic. The normal hemoglobin for a child after 2 years of age is 11.5
to 15.5 g/dl.
Several blood tests are ordered for a preschool child with severe anemia. The child is
crying and upset because of memories of the venipuncture done at the clinic 2 days
ago. The nurse should explain:
a. venipuncture discomfort is very brief.
b. only one venipuncture will be needed.
c. topical application of local anesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain.
d. most blood tests on children require only a finger puncture because a small
amount of blood is needed. - ANSWER: c. topical application of local anesthetic can
eliminate venipuncture pain.
Preschool children are concerned with both pain and the loss of blood. When
preparing the child for venipuncture, the nurse will use a topical anesthetic to
eliminate any pain. This is a traumatic experience for preschool children. They are
concerned about their bodily integrity. A local anesthetic should be used, and a
bandage should be applied to maintain bodily integrity. The nurse should not
promise one attempt in case multiple attempts are required. Both finger punctures
and venipunctures are traumatic for children. Both require preparation.
The nurse is planning activity for a 4-year-old child with anemia. Which activity
should the nurse plan for this child?
a. Game of "hide and seek" in the children's outdoor play area
b. Participation in dance activities in the playroom
c. Puppet play in the child's room
d. A walk down to the hospital lobby - ANSWER: c. Puppet play in the child's room
,Because the basic pathologic process in anemia is a decrease in oxygen-carrying
capacity, an important nursing responsibility is to assess the child's energy level and
minimize excess demands. The child's level of tolerance for activities of daily living
and play is assessed, and adjustments are made to allow as much self-care as
possible without undue exertion. Puppet play in the child's room would not be overly
tiring. Hide and seek, dancing, and walking to the lobby would not conserve the
anemic child's energy.
The nurse is teaching parents about the importance of iron in a toddler's diet. Which
explains why iron deficiency anemia is common during toddler-hood?
a. Milk is a poor source of iron.
b. Iron cannot be stored during fetal development.
c. Fetal iron stores are depleted by age 1 month.
d. Dietary iron cannot be started until age 12 months. - ANSWER: a. Milk is a poor
source of iron.
Children between the ages of 12 and 36 months are at risk for anemia because cow's
milk is a major component of their diet and it is a poor source of iron. Iron is stored
during fetal development, but the amount stored depends on maternal iron stores.
Fetal iron stores are usually depleted by age 5 to 6 months. Dietary iron can be
introduced by breastfeeding, iron-fortified formula, and cereals during the first 12
months of life.
The nurse is teaching parents of an infant about the causes of iron deficiency
anemia. Which statement best describes iron deficiency anemia in infants?
a. It is caused by depression of the hematopoietic system.
b. It is easily diagnosed because of an infant's emaciated appearance.
c. Clinical manifestations are similar regardless of the cause of the anemia.
d. Clinical manifestations result from a decreased intake of milk and the premature
addition of solid foods. - ANSWER: c. Clinical manifestations are similar regardless of
the cause of the anemia.
In iron deficiency anemia, the child's clinical appearance is a result of the anemia,
not the underlying cause. Usually the hematopoietic system is not depressed in iron
deficiency anemia. The bone marrow produces red cells that are smaller and contain
less hemoglobin than normal red cells. Children who are iron deficient from drinking
excessive quantities of milk are usually pale and overweight. They are receiving
sufficient calories, but are deficient in essential nutrients. The clinical manifestations
result from decreased intake of iron-fortified solid foods and an excessive intake of
milk.
Which should the nurse include when teaching the mother of a 9-month-old infant
about administering liquid iron preparations?
a. They should be given with meals.
, b. They should be stopped immediately if nausea and vomiting occur.
c. Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green color.
d. Allow preparation to mix with saliva and bathe the teeth before swallowing. -
ANSWER: c. Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green color.
The nurse should prepare the mother for the anticipated change in the child's stools.
If the iron dose is adequate, the stools will become a tarry green color. The lack of
the color change may indicate insufficient iron. The iron should be given in two
divided doses between meals when the presence of free hydrochloric acid is
greatest. Iron is absorbed best in an acidic environment. Vomiting and diarrhea may
occur with iron administration. If these occur, the iron should be given with meals,
and the dosage reduced, then gradually increased as the child develops tolerance.
Liquid preparations of iron stain the teeth. They should be administered through a
straw and the mouth rinsed after administration.
Iron dextran is ordered for a young child with severe iron deficiency anemia. Nursing
considerations include to:
a. administer with meals.
b. administer between meals.
c. inject deeply into a large muscle.
d. massage injection site for 5 minutes after administration of drug. - ANSWER: c.
inject deeply into a large muscle.
Iron dextran is a parenteral form of iron. When administered intramuscularly, it must
be injected into a large muscle. Iron dextran is for intramuscular or intravenous (IV)
administration. The site should not be massaged to prevent leakage, potential
irritation, and staining of the skin.
The nurse is recommending how to prevent iron deficiency anemia in a healthy,
term, breast-fed infant. Which should be suggested?
a. Iron (ferrous sulfate) drops after age 1 month
b. Iron-fortified commercial formula by age 4 to 6 months
c. Iron-fortified infant cereal by age 2 months
d. Iron-fortified infant cereal by age 4 to 6 months - ANSWER: d. Iron-fortified infant
cereal by age 4 to 6 months
Breast milk supplies inadequate iron for growth and development after age 5
months. Supplementation is necessary at this time. The mother can supplement the
breastfeeding with iron-fortified infant cereal. Iron supplementation or the
introduction of solid foods in a breast-fed baby is not indicated. Providing iron-
fortified commercial formula by age 4 to 6 months should be done only if the mother
is choosing to discontinue breastfeeding.
