MLT 106 Review Questions with All
Correct Answers
When are Rh antibodies usually produced? - Answer-Following exposure to foreign
RBCs
In what conditions do IgG antibodies react optimally? - Answer-37 degrees Celsius
Rh antibodies do not: - Answer-Bind complement
Who can give blood to Rhnull? - Answer-Only other Rhnull people.
Describe Rhnull: - Answer-Rare, individuals who fail to express any Rh antigens/
severely reduced expression of all Rh antigens.
Describe Rhmod: - Answer-Partial suppression of Rh gene expression, a less severe
form of Rhnull.
What is Saline anti-D used for? - Answer-To test cells coated with IgG
Describe LISS: - Answer-- 0.2% Sodium Chloride
- Decrease ionic strength and reduce zeta potential
- Increase rate of antibody uptake
- Decreased reaction incubation time
Why is LISS important when it comes to IgM and IgG? - Answer-IgM is usually able to
agglutinate RBCs on its own, while IgG cannot. LISS allows IgG antibodies to
agglutinate RBCs since the charge of the nearby RBCs is reduced.
AHG reagents are divided into two classes: - Answer-Monospecific AHG reagent
Polyspecific AHG reagent
Describe Monospecific AHG reagent: - Answer-Contain only one antibody specificity.
Two types, Anti IgG & Anyicomplement.
Describe anti-IgG: - Answer-- No anticomplement Activity
- May contain antibodies specific to Fc fragment
- May contain anti-light chain specificity to allow reaction to cells sensitized to IgM, IgA,
and IgG
Describe Anticomplement: - Answer-- Often a Blend of monoclonal anti-C3b and anti-
C3d
- Reactive only to designed complement
, - No activity against human immunoglobulins
What are ABO antigens described as due to individuals producing A/B antigens that are
absent from their RBCs? - Answer-Naturally Occuring
What class of antibody are ABO antibodies (predominately) - Answer-IgM
What class of antibody is the major isotype for O Serum, containing anti A&B? -
Answer-IgG
What can ABO antibodies cause if the wrong ABO Group is transfused (Transfusion
Reaction)? - Answer-Rapid Intravascular Hemolysis
What chromosome is the locus for the ABO Gene located on? - Answer-Chromosome 9
What is Gene O considered since there is no detectable antigen? - Answer-Amorph
What does the formation of ABH antigens result from? - Answer-Interactions of the
genes on three separate loci, (ABO, Hh, and Se).
Interactions of the genes ABO, Hh, and Se don't code for the production of ADH,
instead they: - Answer-Produce specific glycosyltransferases that add sugars to a basic
precursor substance (a paragloboside or glycan)
ABH antigens on the RBC are constructed on what? - Answer-Oligosaccharide chains
of a type 2 precursor substance
Where are type 1 precursor chains found? - Answer-Secretions, such as plasma, milk,
urine, and tears
Where is the H gene located? - Answer-Chromosome 19
What is the Type 2 precursor chain made of? - Answer-Binded to the RBC via Ceramide
and Glucose, attached to a galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sugar, galactose.
The amount of H antigen in red cells is based on agglutination, and that is represented
by: - Answer-O>A2>B>A2B>A1>A1B
O Blood (also the general) Precursor chain diagram makeup: - Answer-Adds L-
fucosultransferase (in order to bind a Fructose to the end of the chain, a galactose).
A Blood Precursor chain diagram: - Answer-Adds N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase to
the H antigen afflicted chain, therefore binding a N-acetyl-D-Galactosamine sugar to the
end.
B Blood Precursor chain diagram: - Answer-Adds D-Galactosytransferase, which binds
galactose to the H afflicted chain.
Correct Answers
When are Rh antibodies usually produced? - Answer-Following exposure to foreign
RBCs
In what conditions do IgG antibodies react optimally? - Answer-37 degrees Celsius
Rh antibodies do not: - Answer-Bind complement
Who can give blood to Rhnull? - Answer-Only other Rhnull people.
Describe Rhnull: - Answer-Rare, individuals who fail to express any Rh antigens/
severely reduced expression of all Rh antigens.
Describe Rhmod: - Answer-Partial suppression of Rh gene expression, a less severe
form of Rhnull.
What is Saline anti-D used for? - Answer-To test cells coated with IgG
Describe LISS: - Answer-- 0.2% Sodium Chloride
- Decrease ionic strength and reduce zeta potential
- Increase rate of antibody uptake
- Decreased reaction incubation time
Why is LISS important when it comes to IgM and IgG? - Answer-IgM is usually able to
agglutinate RBCs on its own, while IgG cannot. LISS allows IgG antibodies to
agglutinate RBCs since the charge of the nearby RBCs is reduced.
AHG reagents are divided into two classes: - Answer-Monospecific AHG reagent
Polyspecific AHG reagent
Describe Monospecific AHG reagent: - Answer-Contain only one antibody specificity.
Two types, Anti IgG & Anyicomplement.
Describe anti-IgG: - Answer-- No anticomplement Activity
- May contain antibodies specific to Fc fragment
- May contain anti-light chain specificity to allow reaction to cells sensitized to IgM, IgA,
and IgG
Describe Anticomplement: - Answer-- Often a Blend of monoclonal anti-C3b and anti-
C3d
- Reactive only to designed complement
, - No activity against human immunoglobulins
What are ABO antigens described as due to individuals producing A/B antigens that are
absent from their RBCs? - Answer-Naturally Occuring
What class of antibody are ABO antibodies (predominately) - Answer-IgM
What class of antibody is the major isotype for O Serum, containing anti A&B? -
Answer-IgG
What can ABO antibodies cause if the wrong ABO Group is transfused (Transfusion
Reaction)? - Answer-Rapid Intravascular Hemolysis
What chromosome is the locus for the ABO Gene located on? - Answer-Chromosome 9
What is Gene O considered since there is no detectable antigen? - Answer-Amorph
What does the formation of ABH antigens result from? - Answer-Interactions of the
genes on three separate loci, (ABO, Hh, and Se).
Interactions of the genes ABO, Hh, and Se don't code for the production of ADH,
instead they: - Answer-Produce specific glycosyltransferases that add sugars to a basic
precursor substance (a paragloboside or glycan)
ABH antigens on the RBC are constructed on what? - Answer-Oligosaccharide chains
of a type 2 precursor substance
Where are type 1 precursor chains found? - Answer-Secretions, such as plasma, milk,
urine, and tears
Where is the H gene located? - Answer-Chromosome 19
What is the Type 2 precursor chain made of? - Answer-Binded to the RBC via Ceramide
and Glucose, attached to a galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sugar, galactose.
The amount of H antigen in red cells is based on agglutination, and that is represented
by: - Answer-O>A2>B>A2B>A1>A1B
O Blood (also the general) Precursor chain diagram makeup: - Answer-Adds L-
fucosultransferase (in order to bind a Fructose to the end of the chain, a galactose).
A Blood Precursor chain diagram: - Answer-Adds N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase to
the H antigen afflicted chain, therefore binding a N-acetyl-D-Galactosamine sugar to the
end.
B Blood Precursor chain diagram: - Answer-Adds D-Galactosytransferase, which binds
galactose to the H afflicted chain.
