Clinical Psychology (EPPP) exam questions
and answers
Clinical Psychology - - the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological and
behavioral disorders
Assumptions of Psychodynamic Therapies - - human behavior is motivated by
unconscious processes
- early development has a profound effect on adult functioning
- universal principles explain personality development and behavior
- insight into unconscious processes is a key component of therapy
Freudian Psychoanalysis - - human beings are determined by irrational forces,
unconscious motivations, biological and instinctual needs and drives, and
psychosexual events that occur during the first five years of life
Freud's Personality Theory - - composed of two theories: structural (drive) theory
and developmental theory
Structural Theory
(Freud) - - the personality is composed of three structures: the id, ego, and
superego
,Clinical Psychology (EPPP) exam questions
and answers
Id - - present at birth and consists of the person's life and death instincts
- operates on pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of its instinctual
drives in order to avoid tension
Ego - - develops at six months of age
- operates ont eh reality principle that defers gratifcation until an appropriate
object is available in reality and employs thinking
- mediates conflicting demands of pleasure and reality
Superego - - develops between four and five years
- represents an internalization of society's values and standards
- attempts to permanently block socially unacceptable drives
Developmental Theory
(Freud) - - emphasizes the sexual drives of the id and proposes that an individual's
personality is formed during childhood as a result of certain experiences during
psychosexual stages of development
- over or undergratification of a person's sexual needs during a stage is associated
with different personality outcomes
,Clinical Psychology (EPPP) exam questions
and answers
Oral Stage - - Freud's first stage of personality development, from birth to about
age 2, during which the instincts of infants are focused on the mouth as the
primary pleasure center.
Anal Stage - - Freud's second stage of psychosexual development where the
primary sexual focus is on the elimination or holding onto feces. The stage is often
thought of as representing a child's ability to control his or her own world.
Phallic Stage - - Freud's third stage of personality development, from about age 4
through age 7, during which children obtain gratification primarily from the
genitals.
Latency Stage - - Freud's fourth stage of psychosexual development where
sexuality is repressed in the unconscious and children focus on identifying with
their same sex parent and interact with same sex peers.
Genital Stage - - Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of
puberty through adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood
resurface (at puberty) and are often resolved during adolescence).
, Clinical Psychology (EPPP) exam questions
and answers
Defense Mechanisms - - occur when the ego is unable to ward off danger through
rational, realistic means
- these operate on an unconscious level and deny or distort reality
(danger or anxiety helps alert the ego to impending threats, such as conflict
between the id and the superego)
Repression - - defense mechanism in which id's drives are excluded from
conscious awareness by maintaining them in the unconscious
Reaction Formation - - defense mechanism in which one avoids an anxiety evoking
instict by doing the opposite
View of Psychopathology
(Freudian) - - maladaptive behavior results from an unconscious, unresolved
conflict that occurred during childhood
Psychoanalytic Therapy - - goal is to reduce symptoms by bringing the unconscious
into conscious awareness and integrating previously repressed material into the
personality
and answers
Clinical Psychology - - the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological and
behavioral disorders
Assumptions of Psychodynamic Therapies - - human behavior is motivated by
unconscious processes
- early development has a profound effect on adult functioning
- universal principles explain personality development and behavior
- insight into unconscious processes is a key component of therapy
Freudian Psychoanalysis - - human beings are determined by irrational forces,
unconscious motivations, biological and instinctual needs and drives, and
psychosexual events that occur during the first five years of life
Freud's Personality Theory - - composed of two theories: structural (drive) theory
and developmental theory
Structural Theory
(Freud) - - the personality is composed of three structures: the id, ego, and
superego
,Clinical Psychology (EPPP) exam questions
and answers
Id - - present at birth and consists of the person's life and death instincts
- operates on pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of its instinctual
drives in order to avoid tension
Ego - - develops at six months of age
- operates ont eh reality principle that defers gratifcation until an appropriate
object is available in reality and employs thinking
- mediates conflicting demands of pleasure and reality
Superego - - develops between four and five years
- represents an internalization of society's values and standards
- attempts to permanently block socially unacceptable drives
Developmental Theory
(Freud) - - emphasizes the sexual drives of the id and proposes that an individual's
personality is formed during childhood as a result of certain experiences during
psychosexual stages of development
- over or undergratification of a person's sexual needs during a stage is associated
with different personality outcomes
,Clinical Psychology (EPPP) exam questions
and answers
Oral Stage - - Freud's first stage of personality development, from birth to about
age 2, during which the instincts of infants are focused on the mouth as the
primary pleasure center.
Anal Stage - - Freud's second stage of psychosexual development where the
primary sexual focus is on the elimination or holding onto feces. The stage is often
thought of as representing a child's ability to control his or her own world.
Phallic Stage - - Freud's third stage of personality development, from about age 4
through age 7, during which children obtain gratification primarily from the
genitals.
Latency Stage - - Freud's fourth stage of psychosexual development where
sexuality is repressed in the unconscious and children focus on identifying with
their same sex parent and interact with same sex peers.
Genital Stage - - Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of
puberty through adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood
resurface (at puberty) and are often resolved during adolescence).
, Clinical Psychology (EPPP) exam questions
and answers
Defense Mechanisms - - occur when the ego is unable to ward off danger through
rational, realistic means
- these operate on an unconscious level and deny or distort reality
(danger or anxiety helps alert the ego to impending threats, such as conflict
between the id and the superego)
Repression - - defense mechanism in which id's drives are excluded from
conscious awareness by maintaining them in the unconscious
Reaction Formation - - defense mechanism in which one avoids an anxiety evoking
instict by doing the opposite
View of Psychopathology
(Freudian) - - maladaptive behavior results from an unconscious, unresolved
conflict that occurred during childhood
Psychoanalytic Therapy - - goal is to reduce symptoms by bringing the unconscious
into conscious awareness and integrating previously repressed material into the
personality
