EPPP Practice Exam Questions and answers
J. Berry acculturation, integration - J. Barry conceptualizes acculturation as many
models existing on a continuum, with the minority culture and the majority or
mainstream culture at opposite poles. Integration would be displayed by an
individual who has high retention of the minority culture and high maintenance of
the mainstream culture.
Lenore Walker cycle of violence, battered women - Lenore Walker describes a
cycle of violence that involves three stags: tension building, acute battering
incident, and loving contrition. According to Walker, most of the benefits of the
relationship occur in the third stage, when the batterer offers apologies,
assurances that the attacks will never happen again, and declarations of love. The
relationship tends to remain stable when the balance between the costs of the
abuse and the benefits of the relationship are fairly similar. As violence escalates,
the relationship becomes more unstable, and the man escalates his charming
behavior in an attempt to restore stability.
behavioral contrast effect - If we are reinforced for performing two different
operants, and reinforcement for one of these behaviors stops, we tend to increase
the rate of the remaining reinforced behavior. That is probably because the
reinforcement that remains seems to become more valuable.
,EPPP Practice Exam Questions and answers
doctrine of comparable worth - States that workers (in particular, men and
women) should get equal pay for performing jobs that have equivalent worth (use
job evaluation)
M. Seligman theory of learned optimism - In Seligman's theory of learned
optimism, attributions of optimistic people are believed to be the opposite of
attributions of depressed people. Since depressed people make internal, stable,
and global attributions to negative events, optimistic people would tend to make
external, unstable, and specific attributions in response to negative events.
Therefore, we can readily eliminate "B" ("I didn't study enough") since that's an
internal attribution. Choice "C" ("the teacher is always a tough grader") is a stable
attribution. That leaves Choices "A" ("I was unlucky") and Choice "D" ("the test
was hard this time") - which are both external and unstable attributions. Of the
two, however, Choice "D" is better since being unlucky would imply that success is
a matter of luck.
Course of Antisocial Personality Disorder - The symptoms of Antisocial Personality
Disorder (APD), particularly criminal behaviors, often become less evident as an
individual grows older (DSM-TR-IV, p. 704). APD has a chronic course and while
some symptoms like criminal behaviors may decrease, other symptoms such as
difficulties with interpersonal relationships may persist. (See: Paris, J. (2004).
Personality disorders over time: Implications for therapy, American Journal of
Psychotherapy, 58(4), 420-429.)
,EPPP Practice Exam Questions and answers
Group polarization - A group's decisions tend to be more extreme (in one direction
or the other) than those that would be made by individuals in the group acting
alone. This phenomenon is referred to as group polarization. One explanation for
group polarization is that group members are more willing to support extreme
decisions because, as group members, they won't have to take as much personal
responsibility for their decisions as they would if they were acting alone.
Solomon's four group design - a true experimental design used to evaluate the
effects of pretesting, since some groups are pretested and others are not.
MANOVA - A MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance) is used to analyze the
effects of one or more independent variables on two or more dependent variables
that are each measured on an interval or ratio scale.
factorial ANOVA - A factorial ANOVA (a.) is used to analyze data when a factorial
design, which includes two or more independent variables, is used and the
dependent variable is measured on an interval or ratio scale.
Factorial designs also allow for the assessment of both main effects (the effects of
each independent variable considered individually) and interaction effects (the
effects of each variable at the different levels of the other variable). The study
described in this question has two "significant main effects" for the independent
, EPPP Practice Exam Questions and answers
variables: type of reading program and past level of reading comprehension. And
a "significant interaction effect" means that the effects of the different reading
programs varied significantly for students at different reading levels. For example,
"Reading Program A" may have been highly effective for above average students,
moderately effective for average students, yet ineffective for below average
students. On the other hand, "Reading Program B" may have been only effective
for below average students, while "Reading Program C" may not have been
effective for any students.
One-Way ANOVA - A one-way ANOVA (c.) is used when a study has one
independent variable and more than two independent groups.
Split-Plot (mixed) ANOVA - The split-plot (mixed) ANOVA (d.) is the appropriate
technique when at least one independent variable is a between-groups variable
and another independent variable is a within-subjects variable.
experiment wise error rate - alpha (chance of Type I error) for all analyses done on
a data set
capitation - A common method of reimbursement used primarily by health
maintenance organizations in which the provider or medical facility is paid a fixed,
J. Berry acculturation, integration - J. Barry conceptualizes acculturation as many
models existing on a continuum, with the minority culture and the majority or
mainstream culture at opposite poles. Integration would be displayed by an
individual who has high retention of the minority culture and high maintenance of
the mainstream culture.
Lenore Walker cycle of violence, battered women - Lenore Walker describes a
cycle of violence that involves three stags: tension building, acute battering
incident, and loving contrition. According to Walker, most of the benefits of the
relationship occur in the third stage, when the batterer offers apologies,
assurances that the attacks will never happen again, and declarations of love. The
relationship tends to remain stable when the balance between the costs of the
abuse and the benefits of the relationship are fairly similar. As violence escalates,
the relationship becomes more unstable, and the man escalates his charming
behavior in an attempt to restore stability.
behavioral contrast effect - If we are reinforced for performing two different
operants, and reinforcement for one of these behaviors stops, we tend to increase
the rate of the remaining reinforced behavior. That is probably because the
reinforcement that remains seems to become more valuable.
,EPPP Practice Exam Questions and answers
doctrine of comparable worth - States that workers (in particular, men and
women) should get equal pay for performing jobs that have equivalent worth (use
job evaluation)
M. Seligman theory of learned optimism - In Seligman's theory of learned
optimism, attributions of optimistic people are believed to be the opposite of
attributions of depressed people. Since depressed people make internal, stable,
and global attributions to negative events, optimistic people would tend to make
external, unstable, and specific attributions in response to negative events.
Therefore, we can readily eliminate "B" ("I didn't study enough") since that's an
internal attribution. Choice "C" ("the teacher is always a tough grader") is a stable
attribution. That leaves Choices "A" ("I was unlucky") and Choice "D" ("the test
was hard this time") - which are both external and unstable attributions. Of the
two, however, Choice "D" is better since being unlucky would imply that success is
a matter of luck.
Course of Antisocial Personality Disorder - The symptoms of Antisocial Personality
Disorder (APD), particularly criminal behaviors, often become less evident as an
individual grows older (DSM-TR-IV, p. 704). APD has a chronic course and while
some symptoms like criminal behaviors may decrease, other symptoms such as
difficulties with interpersonal relationships may persist. (See: Paris, J. (2004).
Personality disorders over time: Implications for therapy, American Journal of
Psychotherapy, 58(4), 420-429.)
,EPPP Practice Exam Questions and answers
Group polarization - A group's decisions tend to be more extreme (in one direction
or the other) than those that would be made by individuals in the group acting
alone. This phenomenon is referred to as group polarization. One explanation for
group polarization is that group members are more willing to support extreme
decisions because, as group members, they won't have to take as much personal
responsibility for their decisions as they would if they were acting alone.
Solomon's four group design - a true experimental design used to evaluate the
effects of pretesting, since some groups are pretested and others are not.
MANOVA - A MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance) is used to analyze the
effects of one or more independent variables on two or more dependent variables
that are each measured on an interval or ratio scale.
factorial ANOVA - A factorial ANOVA (a.) is used to analyze data when a factorial
design, which includes two or more independent variables, is used and the
dependent variable is measured on an interval or ratio scale.
Factorial designs also allow for the assessment of both main effects (the effects of
each independent variable considered individually) and interaction effects (the
effects of each variable at the different levels of the other variable). The study
described in this question has two "significant main effects" for the independent
, EPPP Practice Exam Questions and answers
variables: type of reading program and past level of reading comprehension. And
a "significant interaction effect" means that the effects of the different reading
programs varied significantly for students at different reading levels. For example,
"Reading Program A" may have been highly effective for above average students,
moderately effective for average students, yet ineffective for below average
students. On the other hand, "Reading Program B" may have been only effective
for below average students, while "Reading Program C" may not have been
effective for any students.
One-Way ANOVA - A one-way ANOVA (c.) is used when a study has one
independent variable and more than two independent groups.
Split-Plot (mixed) ANOVA - The split-plot (mixed) ANOVA (d.) is the appropriate
technique when at least one independent variable is a between-groups variable
and another independent variable is a within-subjects variable.
experiment wise error rate - alpha (chance of Type I error) for all analyses done on
a data set
capitation - A common method of reimbursement used primarily by health
maintenance organizations in which the provider or medical facility is paid a fixed,
