Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2024
Which of the following causes gout?
a. Loss of serotonin receptors
b. Excessive uric acid metabolism
c. Impaired liver function
d. Impaired cardiac arrest - ANSWERSb. Excessive uric acid metabolism
Which of the following effects does histamine, an inflammatory mediator have on the
body?
a. It causes the airways to dilate
b. It causes the blood vessels to dilate
c. It dries up mucous membranes
d. It causes the blood vessels to constrict - ANSWERSb. It causes the blood vessels to
dilate
What is the function of the mitochondria?
a. Replicates proteins
b. Form antibodies on the outside of the cell
c. Produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy
d. Form a protective barrier around the cell - ANSWERSc. Produces adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) for energy
On a complete blood count with differential, a client with allergies will have high levels
of which of the following?
a. Basophils
b. Hemoglobin
c. Red blood cells
d. Platelets - ANSWERSa. Basophils
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system causes the release of many hormones,
including angiotensin 1 and angiotensin 2, and aldosterone. Which of the following are
effects of the RAAS?
a. Vasodilation and decreased BP
b. Increased HR and pupil dilation
c. Water retention and sodium elimination
d. Vasoconstriction and increased BP - ANSWERSd. Vasoconstriction and increased
BP
, - Water and sodium reabsorption
Which of the following is a symptom of dehydration?
a. Crackles in the lungs
b. Weight gain
c. Thirst
d. Slow; regular pulse - ANSWERSc. Thirst
- Dry mucous membranes
- weight loss
- Fast pulse
Which of the following best describes the movement of water between interstitial and
intracellular compartments?
a. Diffusion
b. Filtration
c. Active transport
d. Osmosis - ANSWERSc. Active transport
- Filtration: vascular -> interstitial
- Osmosis: Passive movement in interstitial space (low -> high)
What is one of the properties of cancer cells?
a. The ability to invade local tissue and overrun neighboring cells
b. Cannot migrate to distant tissues
c. Planned cell death (apoptosis)
d. Genetically stable - ANSWERSa. The ability to invade tissue and overrun neighboring
cells
Fluid volume deficits may result from which of the following?
a. Chronic heart failure
b. End-stage kidney failure
c. Vomiting and diarrhea
d. Cirrhosis - ANSWERSc. Vomiting and diarrhea
- Cirrhosis: liver damage
A client has a potassium of 1.9 mEq/mL. Which of the following is a potential
complication of this electrolyte imbalance?
a. Skin discoloration
b. Bone fracture
c. Immobility
Answers 2024
Which of the following causes gout?
a. Loss of serotonin receptors
b. Excessive uric acid metabolism
c. Impaired liver function
d. Impaired cardiac arrest - ANSWERSb. Excessive uric acid metabolism
Which of the following effects does histamine, an inflammatory mediator have on the
body?
a. It causes the airways to dilate
b. It causes the blood vessels to dilate
c. It dries up mucous membranes
d. It causes the blood vessels to constrict - ANSWERSb. It causes the blood vessels to
dilate
What is the function of the mitochondria?
a. Replicates proteins
b. Form antibodies on the outside of the cell
c. Produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy
d. Form a protective barrier around the cell - ANSWERSc. Produces adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) for energy
On a complete blood count with differential, a client with allergies will have high levels
of which of the following?
a. Basophils
b. Hemoglobin
c. Red blood cells
d. Platelets - ANSWERSa. Basophils
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system causes the release of many hormones,
including angiotensin 1 and angiotensin 2, and aldosterone. Which of the following are
effects of the RAAS?
a. Vasodilation and decreased BP
b. Increased HR and pupil dilation
c. Water retention and sodium elimination
d. Vasoconstriction and increased BP - ANSWERSd. Vasoconstriction and increased
BP
, - Water and sodium reabsorption
Which of the following is a symptom of dehydration?
a. Crackles in the lungs
b. Weight gain
c. Thirst
d. Slow; regular pulse - ANSWERSc. Thirst
- Dry mucous membranes
- weight loss
- Fast pulse
Which of the following best describes the movement of water between interstitial and
intracellular compartments?
a. Diffusion
b. Filtration
c. Active transport
d. Osmosis - ANSWERSc. Active transport
- Filtration: vascular -> interstitial
- Osmosis: Passive movement in interstitial space (low -> high)
What is one of the properties of cancer cells?
a. The ability to invade local tissue and overrun neighboring cells
b. Cannot migrate to distant tissues
c. Planned cell death (apoptosis)
d. Genetically stable - ANSWERSa. The ability to invade tissue and overrun neighboring
cells
Fluid volume deficits may result from which of the following?
a. Chronic heart failure
b. End-stage kidney failure
c. Vomiting and diarrhea
d. Cirrhosis - ANSWERSc. Vomiting and diarrhea
- Cirrhosis: liver damage
A client has a potassium of 1.9 mEq/mL. Which of the following is a potential
complication of this electrolyte imbalance?
a. Skin discoloration
b. Bone fracture
c. Immobility
