NEW LAWS
Intellectual property rights
Here is a summary of the provided text, broken down into key points:
1. **Audiovisual Work**: A series of related images creating the impression of motion, with
or without sound, that can be seen and, if accompanied by sound, heard.
2. **Author**: The individual who created the work.
3. **Broadcasting**: Communicating a work, performance, or sound recording to the public
by wireless transmission, including via satellite.
4. **Collective Work**: A work created by multiple individuals under the direction of a
person or entity, disclosed under that person or entity's name, with contributors remaining
anonymous.
5. **Communication to the Public**: Transmission of images or sounds of a work,
performance, or sound recording to the public, including making them accessible
on-demand.
6. **Computer**: An electronic or similar device with information processing capabilities.
7. **Computer Program**: A set of instructions that, when read by a computer, causes it to
perform a specific task.
8. **Economic Rights**: Rights referred to in section 9.
9. **Expression of Folklore**: Tradition-based creations reflecting a community's cultural
and social identity, including folktales, songs, dances, plays, and folk arts.
10. **Infringement**: An act that violates any protected right under this part.
11. **Moral Rights**: Rights referred to in section 10.
12. **Performers**: Singers, musicians, and others who perform literary or artistic works or
expressions of folklore.
13. **Photographic Work**: Recording of light or radiation producing an image, excluding
still pictures from audiovisual works.
14. **Producer**: The person or entity responsible for making an audiovisual work or
sound recording.
15. **Public Display**: Showing the original or a copy of a work by various means at
places where people outside a close family circle can be present, without it being a public
communication.
16. **Public Lending**: Nonprofit transfer of the possession of a work or sound recording
for a limited time by a public service institution.
,6. (1) The following works shall be protected as literary, artistic or
scientific work (hereinafter referred to as “works”) which are original
intellectual creations in the literary,
artistic and scientific domain, including and in particular—
*(a) books, pamphlets, articles, computer programs and other writings ;
(b) speeches, lectures, addresses, sermons and other oral works ;
Works protected.
(c) dramatic, dramatic-musical works, pantomimes, choreographic works
and other works created for stage productions ;
(d) stage production of works specified in paragraph (c) and
expressions of folklore that are apt for such productions ;
(e) musical works, with or without accompanying words ;
(f) audiovisual works ;
(g) works of architecture ;
(h) works of drawing, painting, sculpture, engraving, litho-graphy,
tapestry and other works of fine art ;
(j) photographic works ;
(k) works of applied art ;
(l) illustrations, maps, plans, sketches and three dimensional works
relative to geography, topography, architecture or science.
(2) The works specified in subsection (1) of this section shall be
protected by the sole fact of their creation and irrespective of their mode
or form of expression, as well as of their content, quality and purpose.
7. (1) The following shall also be protected as works :—
(a) translations, adaptations, arrangements and other transformations or
modifications of works ; and
(b) collections of works and collections of mere data (data bases),
whether in machine readable or other form, provided that such
collections are original by reason of the selection, co-ordination or
arrangement of their contents. Derivative works.
(2) The protection of any work referred to in subsection (1) shall be
without prejudice to any protection of a preexisting work incorporated in,
or utilized for, the making of such a work.
, works not protected
8. Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 6 and 7, no protection shall be
extended under this Part —
(a) to any idea, procedure, system, method of operation, concept, principle,
discovery or mere data, even if expressed, described, explained, illustrated or
embodied in a work ;
(b) to any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, as well as
any official translation thereof ;
(c) to news of the day published, broadcast, or publicly communicated by any
other means.
Economic rights
9. (1) Subject to the provisions of sections 11 to 13 the owner of copyright of a
work shall have the exclusive right to carry out or to authorize the following
acts in relation to the work —
(a) reproduction of the work ;
(b) translation of the work ;
(c) adaptation, arrangement or other transformation of the work ;
(d) the public distribution of the original and each copy of the work by sale,
rental, export or otherwise ;
(e) rental of the original or a copy of an audiovisual work, a work embodied in
a sound recording, a computer program, a data base or a musical work in the
form of notation, irrespective of the ownership of the original or copy
concerned ;
f) importation of copies of the work, (even where the imported copies were
made with the authorization of the owner of the copyright) ;
(g) public display of the original or a copy of the work ;
(h) public performance of the work ;
(j) broadcasting of the work ; and (k) other communication to the public of the
work.
(2) The provisions of subsection (1) of this section shall apply to both the
entire work and a substantial part thereof. (3) The rights of rental in terms of
paragraph (e) of subsection (1) shall not apply to rental of computer programs
where the program itself is not the essential object of the rental. (4)
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (d) of subsection (1), the owner
of a work or a copy of a work lawfully made or any person authorized in that
behalf by such owner, is entitled without the authority of the owner of the
copyright, to sell or otherwise dispose of that copy
Intellectual property rights
Here is a summary of the provided text, broken down into key points:
1. **Audiovisual Work**: A series of related images creating the impression of motion, with
or without sound, that can be seen and, if accompanied by sound, heard.
2. **Author**: The individual who created the work.
3. **Broadcasting**: Communicating a work, performance, or sound recording to the public
by wireless transmission, including via satellite.
4. **Collective Work**: A work created by multiple individuals under the direction of a
person or entity, disclosed under that person or entity's name, with contributors remaining
anonymous.
5. **Communication to the Public**: Transmission of images or sounds of a work,
performance, or sound recording to the public, including making them accessible
on-demand.
6. **Computer**: An electronic or similar device with information processing capabilities.
7. **Computer Program**: A set of instructions that, when read by a computer, causes it to
perform a specific task.
8. **Economic Rights**: Rights referred to in section 9.
9. **Expression of Folklore**: Tradition-based creations reflecting a community's cultural
and social identity, including folktales, songs, dances, plays, and folk arts.
10. **Infringement**: An act that violates any protected right under this part.
11. **Moral Rights**: Rights referred to in section 10.
12. **Performers**: Singers, musicians, and others who perform literary or artistic works or
expressions of folklore.
13. **Photographic Work**: Recording of light or radiation producing an image, excluding
still pictures from audiovisual works.
14. **Producer**: The person or entity responsible for making an audiovisual work or
sound recording.
15. **Public Display**: Showing the original or a copy of a work by various means at
places where people outside a close family circle can be present, without it being a public
communication.
16. **Public Lending**: Nonprofit transfer of the possession of a work or sound recording
for a limited time by a public service institution.
,6. (1) The following works shall be protected as literary, artistic or
scientific work (hereinafter referred to as “works”) which are original
intellectual creations in the literary,
artistic and scientific domain, including and in particular—
*(a) books, pamphlets, articles, computer programs and other writings ;
(b) speeches, lectures, addresses, sermons and other oral works ;
Works protected.
(c) dramatic, dramatic-musical works, pantomimes, choreographic works
and other works created for stage productions ;
(d) stage production of works specified in paragraph (c) and
expressions of folklore that are apt for such productions ;
(e) musical works, with or without accompanying words ;
(f) audiovisual works ;
(g) works of architecture ;
(h) works of drawing, painting, sculpture, engraving, litho-graphy,
tapestry and other works of fine art ;
(j) photographic works ;
(k) works of applied art ;
(l) illustrations, maps, plans, sketches and three dimensional works
relative to geography, topography, architecture or science.
(2) The works specified in subsection (1) of this section shall be
protected by the sole fact of their creation and irrespective of their mode
or form of expression, as well as of their content, quality and purpose.
7. (1) The following shall also be protected as works :—
(a) translations, adaptations, arrangements and other transformations or
modifications of works ; and
(b) collections of works and collections of mere data (data bases),
whether in machine readable or other form, provided that such
collections are original by reason of the selection, co-ordination or
arrangement of their contents. Derivative works.
(2) The protection of any work referred to in subsection (1) shall be
without prejudice to any protection of a preexisting work incorporated in,
or utilized for, the making of such a work.
, works not protected
8. Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 6 and 7, no protection shall be
extended under this Part —
(a) to any idea, procedure, system, method of operation, concept, principle,
discovery or mere data, even if expressed, described, explained, illustrated or
embodied in a work ;
(b) to any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, as well as
any official translation thereof ;
(c) to news of the day published, broadcast, or publicly communicated by any
other means.
Economic rights
9. (1) Subject to the provisions of sections 11 to 13 the owner of copyright of a
work shall have the exclusive right to carry out or to authorize the following
acts in relation to the work —
(a) reproduction of the work ;
(b) translation of the work ;
(c) adaptation, arrangement or other transformation of the work ;
(d) the public distribution of the original and each copy of the work by sale,
rental, export or otherwise ;
(e) rental of the original or a copy of an audiovisual work, a work embodied in
a sound recording, a computer program, a data base or a musical work in the
form of notation, irrespective of the ownership of the original or copy
concerned ;
f) importation of copies of the work, (even where the imported copies were
made with the authorization of the owner of the copyright) ;
(g) public display of the original or a copy of the work ;
(h) public performance of the work ;
(j) broadcasting of the work ; and (k) other communication to the public of the
work.
(2) The provisions of subsection (1) of this section shall apply to both the
entire work and a substantial part thereof. (3) The rights of rental in terms of
paragraph (e) of subsection (1) shall not apply to rental of computer programs
where the program itself is not the essential object of the rental. (4)
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (d) of subsection (1), the owner
of a work or a copy of a work lawfully made or any person authorized in that
behalf by such owner, is entitled without the authority of the owner of the
copyright, to sell or otherwise dispose of that copy
