MN551 Final Exam Questions With Verified Solutions @ 2024
A 32-year-old male complains of burning, itching, photophobia, and severe pain in his
right eye following open ocean swimming. For the condition of the eye to be corneal
rather than a disease of the conjunctiva, which of the following symptoms would be the
distinguishing symptom?
A.) Burning
B.) Itching
c.) photophobia
D.) Severe pain - Answer Severe pain
The primary care provider has ordered a hemoglobin A1C for a female patient for the first
time diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The patient states, "I don't see why you want to test
my blood cells when it's sugar that's the problem." What is the underlying basis of
physiology that will guide the care provider's response to the patient?
A) The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells represents the average blood glucose
since the cell was 'born'
B) Production of hemoglobin is inversely related to blood glucose leaving the bone
marrow - low A1C is indicative of hyperglycemia
C) The high metabolic needs of the red cell and its attraction to free glucose are
indicative of the amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
D) Insulin is an agonist to the glucose receptor on the hemoglobin molecule and high
glucose would indicate low levels of insulin. ANSWER The percentage of glucose bound
to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose over the life span of the cell.
A 30-year-old man with type 1 diabetes has learned that insulin plays several different
roles in metabolism. Which of the following physiological processes constitute direct
actions of insulin? - Answer Facilitating triglycerides from glucose in fat cells
,The diabetes education nurse is providing education to the parents of a three-year-old
girl who was just diagnosed with type 1A diabetes and who is currently receiving care in
the hospital. The nurse wants to explain to her parents the most likely etiology of their
daughter's health problem. Which response by the nurse best describes this explanation
to her parents?
A.) Lifestyle and environmental factors are known to be included in the fact that her
pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
B."The tendency to make too little insulin is likely inherited."
C."It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making insulin, and
treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the cells
in herpancreas that produce insulin - Answer "The problem that underlies her diabetes is
that her own body has destroyed the cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
Which of the following phrases best captures an aspect of the role of hormones in the
body?
A.) Some chemicals can function as hormones or become part of the central and
peripheral nervous systems.
B)Hormones directly stimulate many of the activities that maintain homeostasis.
C)The fact that a hormone can only have one effect on one specific system or tissue
ensures that body process regulation is accomplished.
D)There is only one endocrine gland that produces each hormone in the body. - Answer
Some chemicals can be considered as a hormone or neurotransmitter.
,Which of the following is indicated when the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone is
high?
A.) Thyroid nodule
B.) Hyperthyroidism
C.) Myxedema
D.) Hypothyroidism - Answer Hypothyroidism
Which of the following best describes the function of the adrenal cortex in maintaining
homeostasis?
Question 1 options:
A. Normal sexual function depends on adequate adrenal cortical function.
B. Removal of the adrenal glands may be compensated by redundant, secondary
production of the hormones.
C. The main secretions of the adrenal cortex are steroids and sex hormones.
D. The epinephrine and norepinephrine produced in the adrenal cortex form part of the
sympathetic nervous system. Answer The main secretions of the adrenal cortex are
steroids and sex hormones.
A three-year-old girl has been diagnosed with amblyopia. Which of the following
pathophysiologic processes is most likely to underlie her health problem?
Question 2 options:
, a. The child may have a neural pathway disorder
b. She may have been born with infantile cataracts
c. The girl may have chronic bacterial conjunctivitis
d. The child may have a congenital deficit of rods and/or cones - Answer She may have
been born with infantile cataracts
Of the following, which most accurately describes an aspect of the normal process of
glucose metabolism?
Question 3 options:
a. More glucose than can be metabolized is reduced and stored in the liver.
b. Blood glucose levels remain in a steady state due to the selective excretion and
reuptake of glucose by the kidneys.
c. Unused glucose after cellular metabolism, ingested glucose that is more than what will
be required for cellular metabolic needs, circulates in the blood until it is taken up by
cells for their needs.
d. Blood glucose levels are mainly affected by the time, quantity, and type of food
consumed. - Response Excess glucose more than the metabolic needs is converted and
stored by the liver.
A 60-year-old male comes into his nurse practitioner with the chief complaint of an
earache that has progressively become worse over the past several days. The patient has
been diagnosed with otitis externa based on history and physical exam performed with
an otoscope. Which of the following statements by the nurse practitioner is most correct?
A 32-year-old male complains of burning, itching, photophobia, and severe pain in his
right eye following open ocean swimming. For the condition of the eye to be corneal
rather than a disease of the conjunctiva, which of the following symptoms would be the
distinguishing symptom?
A.) Burning
B.) Itching
c.) photophobia
D.) Severe pain - Answer Severe pain
The primary care provider has ordered a hemoglobin A1C for a female patient for the first
time diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The patient states, "I don't see why you want to test
my blood cells when it's sugar that's the problem." What is the underlying basis of
physiology that will guide the care provider's response to the patient?
A) The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells represents the average blood glucose
since the cell was 'born'
B) Production of hemoglobin is inversely related to blood glucose leaving the bone
marrow - low A1C is indicative of hyperglycemia
C) The high metabolic needs of the red cell and its attraction to free glucose are
indicative of the amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
D) Insulin is an agonist to the glucose receptor on the hemoglobin molecule and high
glucose would indicate low levels of insulin. ANSWER The percentage of glucose bound
to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose over the life span of the cell.
A 30-year-old man with type 1 diabetes has learned that insulin plays several different
roles in metabolism. Which of the following physiological processes constitute direct
actions of insulin? - Answer Facilitating triglycerides from glucose in fat cells
,The diabetes education nurse is providing education to the parents of a three-year-old
girl who was just diagnosed with type 1A diabetes and who is currently receiving care in
the hospital. The nurse wants to explain to her parents the most likely etiology of their
daughter's health problem. Which response by the nurse best describes this explanation
to her parents?
A.) Lifestyle and environmental factors are known to be included in the fact that her
pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
B."The tendency to make too little insulin is likely inherited."
C."It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making insulin, and
treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the cells
in herpancreas that produce insulin - Answer "The problem that underlies her diabetes is
that her own body has destroyed the cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
Which of the following phrases best captures an aspect of the role of hormones in the
body?
A.) Some chemicals can function as hormones or become part of the central and
peripheral nervous systems.
B)Hormones directly stimulate many of the activities that maintain homeostasis.
C)The fact that a hormone can only have one effect on one specific system or tissue
ensures that body process regulation is accomplished.
D)There is only one endocrine gland that produces each hormone in the body. - Answer
Some chemicals can be considered as a hormone or neurotransmitter.
,Which of the following is indicated when the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone is
high?
A.) Thyroid nodule
B.) Hyperthyroidism
C.) Myxedema
D.) Hypothyroidism - Answer Hypothyroidism
Which of the following best describes the function of the adrenal cortex in maintaining
homeostasis?
Question 1 options:
A. Normal sexual function depends on adequate adrenal cortical function.
B. Removal of the adrenal glands may be compensated by redundant, secondary
production of the hormones.
C. The main secretions of the adrenal cortex are steroids and sex hormones.
D. The epinephrine and norepinephrine produced in the adrenal cortex form part of the
sympathetic nervous system. Answer The main secretions of the adrenal cortex are
steroids and sex hormones.
A three-year-old girl has been diagnosed with amblyopia. Which of the following
pathophysiologic processes is most likely to underlie her health problem?
Question 2 options:
, a. The child may have a neural pathway disorder
b. She may have been born with infantile cataracts
c. The girl may have chronic bacterial conjunctivitis
d. The child may have a congenital deficit of rods and/or cones - Answer She may have
been born with infantile cataracts
Of the following, which most accurately describes an aspect of the normal process of
glucose metabolism?
Question 3 options:
a. More glucose than can be metabolized is reduced and stored in the liver.
b. Blood glucose levels remain in a steady state due to the selective excretion and
reuptake of glucose by the kidneys.
c. Unused glucose after cellular metabolism, ingested glucose that is more than what will
be required for cellular metabolic needs, circulates in the blood until it is taken up by
cells for their needs.
d. Blood glucose levels are mainly affected by the time, quantity, and type of food
consumed. - Response Excess glucose more than the metabolic needs is converted and
stored by the liver.
A 60-year-old male comes into his nurse practitioner with the chief complaint of an
earache that has progressively become worse over the past several days. The patient has
been diagnosed with otitis externa based on history and physical exam performed with
an otoscope. Which of the following statements by the nurse practitioner is most correct?
