AORN Periop 101 Study Guide 2024/2025 |Practice Exam Questions| Correctly Solved Booklet

AORN Periop 101 Study Guide 2024/2025 |Practice Exam Questions| Correctly Solved Booklet ______ is often used for microsurgical instruments: It has a blue, anodized finish, is inert, nonmagnetic, lighter, stronger & harder than stainless steel. *Ans*Titanium _______ refers to the proportion of clinically apparent causes that are severe or fatal: *Ans*Virulence _______ refers to the proportion of the infected individual who develop clinically apparent disease: *Ans*Pathogenicity __________ is the absence of pathogenic microorganisms. *Ans*Asepsis __________ is the absence of virtually all microorganisms. *Ans*Sterility A _______ _______ is used to monitor the sterilizer's efficiency & effectiveness of killing the non pathogenic spores. *Ans*Biological Indicators A _______ BI indicates the sterilization conditions were met: *Ans*Negative A # _______ handle holds blades 10, 11, 12, & 15 *Ans*7 A # _______ handle holds blades 10, 11, 12, 15 *Ans*3 A # _______ handle holds blades 20, 21, 22, 23, 26 *Ans*4 A culture of safety is promoted by: *Ans*• The health care organization's commitment to patient safety above all goals • A commitment to safety at all levels of the organization • A focus on systems, process improvement, and individual accountability • Sufficient resources • The ability of providers to discuss near miss events and errors without reprisal A customized distribution of resources and opportunities across a population to ensure no subset of groups is at a particular disadvantage over others in achieving their maximum potential is an example of: *Ans*Health equity A Medication Assessment Should Include: *Ans*• Prescription medications • Herbal preparations: o may accentuate the toxicity of anesthetics. o interfere with drug metabolism or clearance. o might affect bleeding times. • Recreational/street drugs *It is also important to ask if the patient is using any recreational/street drugs. Close observation must be maintained for symptoms of withdrawal, especially during and after long procedures. • Drugs, alcohol, and smoking can alter lab values or system assessment. A chemically dependent patient who is recovering may have concerns about medication he or she is given. • Patient risk factors due to alcoholism include: - Lowered immunity - Prolonged bleeding times - Increased stress response - Cardiac complications A patient's risk factors for hypothermia include: *Ans*• Extremes in the patient's age (eg, pediatric, elderly) • History of diabetes • Low body weight • Peripheral vascular disorders • Thyroid disorders - An example of a procedural risk for hypothermia is open-cavity surgery (eg, laparotomy, open thoracotomy). A Semi-restricted Zone is an area not open to the public and requires proper attire. These areas are secured via: *Ans*- signage - doors with electronic access/badge requirements to enter A sterile field is contaminated when _______ items come in contact with it. *Ans*unsterile A sterile gown is considered sterile from the chest to the sterile field and _______ _______ above the elbow to the cuff. *Ans*2 inches Abdominoperineal prep, positioning and equipment for Vaginal surgery include: *Ans*- Prep kits - Foley ~ straight cath to ensure empty bladder after vaginal prep - Lithotomy with possible Trendelenburg - Stirrups/holders Abdominoperineal surgical site prep area(s) include: *Ans*- Abdomen - Pubis - Vagina - Perineum - Anus - Thighs Actions to decrease and prevent medication errors when transferring onto the sterile field include: *Ans*• Label all medications, medication containers, and other solutions • Write down & read back verbal orders • Verify medications - RN circulator reads aloud the medication name, strength, dosage, and expiration date when transferring medications to the back table • Label medications—the scrubbed team member labels each medication container immediately • Avoid use of abbreviations that could cause medication errors • Do Not use trailing zeroes when documenting medication doses • Retrieve one medication at a time for one patient at a time Actions to Take Before Transporting Instruments from the OR after use: *Ans*• Discard sharps into a sharps container. • Discard liquids per federal, state, and local regulations or transport them in a leak-proof container. • Separate sharp instruments from delicate and heavy instruments. • When applicable, follow the manufacturer's instructions for use (IFU) for instrument disassembly prior to transport to the decontamination area. • Moisten instruments with an enzymatic pre-treatment product or cover with a water-soaked towel. Adson forceps *Ans*used to move and hold tissue in place during delicate surgical procedures Airborne Precautions - Considerations and PPE *Ans*• Follow standard precautions + airborne precautions. Single-Patient Room • AIIR: Airborne infection isolation room o Doors must remain closed. o Traffic is limited. • Wear a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-approved fit-tested N95 respirator or powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) o PAPRs are NOT recommended for use in the operating or procedure room. Allis Clamp *Ans*-jaws have small interlocking teeth -used to grasp tissue -teeth are atraumatic and do not cause tissue damage -used to grasp biopsy tissue, (breast tissue) An eye prep antiseptic must be: *Ans*• Safe to use around the eye • Labeled for ophthalmic use ~ Do not use alcohol based solutions ~ allergy to iodine a combo of baby shampoo and balanced salt solution can be used An inspection tool that is placed through the instrument's lumen and is used to inspect the internal element of the instrument *Ans*Boreoscope An instrument set and container must not weigh more than _______ _____. Higher weight can increase drying times and increase risk of injury to healthcare workers when moving containers: *Ans*25 lbs An item's packaging is inspected to verify that the package is intact and conditions for sterility have been met. Key indicators include: *Ans*• Package integrity • Chemical indicators • Single-use item sterility • Expiration date An OR fire can occur when all elements of the fire triangle are present: *Ans*- An ignition source (electrosurgical pencil) - Fuel (flammable preoperative skin antiseptic products, surgical drapes) - An oxidizer (oxygen) [perform a fire risk assessment before starting surgery] An Unrestricted Zone in the perioperative environment are areas where street cloth