AANP Exam Questions FNP EXAM TEST EXAM 2024 | ACTUAL REAL EXAM ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | VERIFIED AND LATEST UPDATED |GUARANTEED PASS WITH 150+ QUESTIONS

Which of the following murmurs would produce a thrill that could be palpated on exam of an adult patient? A. Aortic stenosis B. Mitral regurgitation C. Mitral stenosis D. Mitral valve prolapse - ANSWER C. Mitral stenosis Mitral stenosis (C) is the narrowing of the mitral valve, which can cause a thrill on palpation.A thrill is a vibratory sensation felt by palpating an overlying area of turbulence and is usually caused by an incompetent heart valve. A palpated thrill comes from a loud murmur. Mitral stenosis typically produces a diastolic murmur that is best heard at the apex with the patient in the left lateral position. A 30-year-old woman presents with a possible vaginal infection. When looking at the wet mount, the nurse practitioner sees that there is movement on the slide via flagella. What infection does the nurse practitioner believe the patient has based on these wet mount findings? Incorrect A. Bacterial vaginosis B. Gonorrhea C. Herpes simplex virus D. Trichomoniasis - ANSWER D. Trichomoniasis A wet mount that shows mobile trichomonads that move via flagella is indicative of trichomoniasis (D). Trichomoniasis is a parasitic sexually transmitted infection requiring antibiotic treatment. A common drug used is metronidazole (Flagyl) by mouth or intravaginally. The partner(s) of the infected person also need to be treated. Bacterial vaginosis (A) will exhibit clue cells on the wet mount. Gonorrhea and herpes simplex virus (B, C) are not diagnosed via wet mount. A 14-year-old girl with short stature and delayed onset of puberty consistent with Turner syndrome presents to the office for a routine physical exam. Which of the following is true regarding Turner syndrome? A. Although rare, men can inherit the gene defect associated with Turner syndrome B. Hormone replacement therapy is not recommended due to cancer risk C. Turner syndrome is caused by an alteration or deletion of the X chromosome D. Women with Turner syndrome are unable to get pregnant - ANSWER C. Turner syndrome is caused by an alteration or deletion of the X chromosome Turner syndrome is caused by an alteration or deletion of the X chromosome (C). Because of this, only girls and women can be affected. It is often diagnosed prenatally, but diagnosis is sometimes delayed until childhood. The most common presenting symptoms in children and adolescents are short stature, primary amenorrhea, and lack of development of secondary sex characteristics. Findings present at birth may include lymphedema, abnormal shape and rotation of the ears, broad chest with wide-spaced nipples, webbed neck, and tibial exostosis. During adulthood, women with Turner syndrome have a higher risk of developing renal abnormalities, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, and hypothyroidism. Some people also have heart valve abnormalities.Treatment includes human growth hormone starting at age 4-5 years old. Low-dose estrogen therapy is normally initiated around age 11-12 and continued until age 50. Estrogen can be cardioprotective and prevent common cardiovascular complications. Pregnancy is rare for women with Turner syndrome but can be possible with medical assistance. Pregnancies are considered high risk to the fetus and mother Which of the following symptoms, when seen in children, is least likely to be attributed to lead toxicity? A. Cerebral edema B. Chronic diarrhea C. Learning disabilities D. Nephropathy - ANSWER B. Chronic diarrhea Lead toxicity can lead to colic, which induces symptoms of vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation. Chronic diarrhea (B) is not typically associated with this condition. A 68-year-old woman required resuscitation in the emergency department after being prescribed the wrong dosage of medicine at her primary care clinic. The past medical history is significant for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and depression. She has been a patient of this clinic for 6 years and reports that she has submitted a complaint. Formal patient complaints are most often filed as a result of which of the following failures? A. Negative attitude and behavior of hospital or clinic staff B. Communication breakdowns C. Clinical judgment or decision-making errors D. Misapplication of clinical skills - ANSWER B. Communication breakdowns There is increasing recognition in the health care community that patient complaints are a unique indicator of the quality of care given. Of the main factors involved in formally filed complaints, the most indicated is communication breakdown (B) or staff insensitivity. Many patient complaints are filed because of an adverse clinical event, but complaints can be filed although nothing clinically wrong was done. Studies have shown that when a preventable adverse event occurs, most patients want to receive an apology, be informed about the steps that led to the adverse event, be informed of the consequences, and know about the medical steps required to reverse the harm or prevent further harm. A 21-year-old man patient became dependent on narcotics after sustaining injuries from a severe motor vehicle accident. He now wants to quit and is researching Narcotics Anonymous meetings in the area. This is an example of which stage of change from the Stages of Change Model? A. Action B. Contemplation C. Precontemplation D. Preparation - ANSWER D. Preparation The preparation (D) stage of the Stages of Change, or the Transtheoretical Model, involves intentionally taking steps to prepare for the change. The model posits that individuals move through various stages as they cease unhealthy behaviors or adopt healthy ones. Researching Narcotics Anonymous meeting information exemplifies this stage. Individual modification of behaviors, environments, or experiences to accomplish health goals represents the action (A) stage of change. An example is taking action to admit oneself to an inpatient narcotics detoxification program. Thinking about change without concrete steps toward planning for the change represents the contemplation (B) stage. For example, the statement, "My new year's resolution is to begin an exercise routine," reflects contemplation. During the precontemplation (C) stage, an individual does not want to change or does not see a need to change a behavior. An individual that refuses to wear a seatbelt and says, "We're all going to die from something, so I don't need a seatbelt," is an example of precontemplation.