D094 EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
m Arnold Gesell theorized that children develop according to distinct developmental stages - True
Which 2 activities should an 18 month-old be able to perform? - Stacking books & using fingers to eat
crackers
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (pyramid) - self-actualization, esteem, love/belonging, safety, &
physiological.
Self-actualization (Maslow) - personal growth, fulfillment, & realization needs of one's personal potential
as a human being.
"To become everything one is capable of becoming."
esteem (Maslow) - Self respect, respect from others, achievement, independence, status, & prestige
needs.
Love and Belonging (Maslow) - Friendships, intimacy, trust, romance & love needs
Safety (Maslow) - Protection from the elements, financial & physical security, law & order, & freedom
from fear needs
Physiological (Maslow) - Biological requirements for survival like food, water, shelter, & clothing
Maslow's expanded hierarchy of needs - Transcendence, self-actualization, aesthetic, cognitive, esteem,
love/belonging, safety, physiological.
(First 4 are growth needs, last 4 are deficiency needs)
Physiological Needs are the 1st needs that must be met in Maslow's hierarchy - True
Lucas is a 4th grade student who has read almost every book in the class library. He asks his teacher if
she'll bring him some "bigger kid" books to read because he's bored with the material in the classroom.
Which need is he trying to satisfy? - Cognitive
Anika has served on student council for the past 2 years. Now that she's a senior, she believes she's more
than qualified to serve as student council president, so she decides to run for office. Anika is attempting
to meet a safety need. - False (either esteem or love/belonging)
The school calls an assembly each quarter to distribute academic achievement awards to students
who've mastered a B average or higher that quarter. - Deficiency need: Esteem
A teacher provides students with multiple opportunities for cooperative group activities - Deficiency
need: love and belonging
, A school institutes a rigorous anti bullying program - Deficiency need: safety
The school cafeteria opens early to provide free and reduced price breakfast to eligible students -
Deficiency need: physiological
stages of physical development (Arnold Gesell) - Infancy: birth-2 years old, adding motor skills, holding
up head, rolling over, reaching for things, sitting, crawling, & walking. By 2 they're walking with increased
coordination, manipulating toys in hands, feeding themselves, making towers of cubes, jump/running
awkwardly, throwing things, & using a zipper
Early childhood: 2-6yrs old, improvements in gross & fine motor skills, running, jumping, climbing,
tumbling, & swinging. Can string beads, put puzzles together, & begin to scribble. By 4 many can print
their names, dress/undress themselves, & eat with utensils
Middle childhood: 6-10yrs old, gain weight & height, permanent teeth grow in. Participate in organized
sports as speed & coordination skills advance, continue to refine motor skills resulting in improved
handwriting & drawings. Can use fine motor skills to sew, build models, or do other crafts
Adolescence: 10-18yrs old, weight/height increases rapidly, includes puberty. Girls usually begin earlier
than boys. Increase in hormones affect behavior, might reject adult authority, & reach sexual maturity
Ren is 3yrs old. His preschool teacher is worried about him because he can't print his name yet. The
teacher's concern is justified. - False
In middle school classrooms, teachers can use the same activities for all students. - False
An 18 month old in daycare recently developed ability to roll a ball back & forth w/ an adult.
A 5yr old kindergartener recently developed ability to draw a stick figure family of himself, his parents, &
his sister.
A 9yr old 4th grader recently developed ability to shoot baskets consistently on school playground.
A 13yr old 8th grader recently began growing facial hair on upper lip. - Typical physical development
Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development - Birth to 2yrs: sensorimotor stage (object permanence)
2-7yrs: preoperational stage (pretend play, egocentric)
7-11yrs: concrete operational stage (conservation)
12yrs & up: formal operational stage (abstract, moral reasoning)
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
m Arnold Gesell theorized that children develop according to distinct developmental stages - True
Which 2 activities should an 18 month-old be able to perform? - Stacking books & using fingers to eat
crackers
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (pyramid) - self-actualization, esteem, love/belonging, safety, &
physiological.
Self-actualization (Maslow) - personal growth, fulfillment, & realization needs of one's personal potential
as a human being.
"To become everything one is capable of becoming."
esteem (Maslow) - Self respect, respect from others, achievement, independence, status, & prestige
needs.
Love and Belonging (Maslow) - Friendships, intimacy, trust, romance & love needs
Safety (Maslow) - Protection from the elements, financial & physical security, law & order, & freedom
from fear needs
Physiological (Maslow) - Biological requirements for survival like food, water, shelter, & clothing
Maslow's expanded hierarchy of needs - Transcendence, self-actualization, aesthetic, cognitive, esteem,
love/belonging, safety, physiological.
(First 4 are growth needs, last 4 are deficiency needs)
Physiological Needs are the 1st needs that must be met in Maslow's hierarchy - True
Lucas is a 4th grade student who has read almost every book in the class library. He asks his teacher if
she'll bring him some "bigger kid" books to read because he's bored with the material in the classroom.
Which need is he trying to satisfy? - Cognitive
Anika has served on student council for the past 2 years. Now that she's a senior, she believes she's more
than qualified to serve as student council president, so she decides to run for office. Anika is attempting
to meet a safety need. - False (either esteem or love/belonging)
The school calls an assembly each quarter to distribute academic achievement awards to students
who've mastered a B average or higher that quarter. - Deficiency need: Esteem
A teacher provides students with multiple opportunities for cooperative group activities - Deficiency
need: love and belonging
, A school institutes a rigorous anti bullying program - Deficiency need: safety
The school cafeteria opens early to provide free and reduced price breakfast to eligible students -
Deficiency need: physiological
stages of physical development (Arnold Gesell) - Infancy: birth-2 years old, adding motor skills, holding
up head, rolling over, reaching for things, sitting, crawling, & walking. By 2 they're walking with increased
coordination, manipulating toys in hands, feeding themselves, making towers of cubes, jump/running
awkwardly, throwing things, & using a zipper
Early childhood: 2-6yrs old, improvements in gross & fine motor skills, running, jumping, climbing,
tumbling, & swinging. Can string beads, put puzzles together, & begin to scribble. By 4 many can print
their names, dress/undress themselves, & eat with utensils
Middle childhood: 6-10yrs old, gain weight & height, permanent teeth grow in. Participate in organized
sports as speed & coordination skills advance, continue to refine motor skills resulting in improved
handwriting & drawings. Can use fine motor skills to sew, build models, or do other crafts
Adolescence: 10-18yrs old, weight/height increases rapidly, includes puberty. Girls usually begin earlier
than boys. Increase in hormones affect behavior, might reject adult authority, & reach sexual maturity
Ren is 3yrs old. His preschool teacher is worried about him because he can't print his name yet. The
teacher's concern is justified. - False
In middle school classrooms, teachers can use the same activities for all students. - False
An 18 month old in daycare recently developed ability to roll a ball back & forth w/ an adult.
A 5yr old kindergartener recently developed ability to draw a stick figure family of himself, his parents, &
his sister.
A 9yr old 4th grader recently developed ability to shoot baskets consistently on school playground.
A 13yr old 8th grader recently began growing facial hair on upper lip. - Typical physical development
Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development - Birth to 2yrs: sensorimotor stage (object permanence)
2-7yrs: preoperational stage (pretend play, egocentric)
7-11yrs: concrete operational stage (conservation)
12yrs & up: formal operational stage (abstract, moral reasoning)
