Psych 2450 - Chapter 17 Questions With Complete solutions
According to current research evidence, what is the impact of
educational programs on promoting prosocial behaviours?
a. They have little impact, either in the short or long term.
b. They have minor impact in the short term, and then only when
an adult is present during viewing.
c. They have a marked positive impact in both the short term
and long term.
d. They have a positive impact in the long term, but only when
an adult encourages the child to use the information. Correct
Answers d. They have a positive impact in the long term, but
only when an adult encourages the child to use the information.
According to current research, what is the key characteristic of
the children who form a peer group?
a. They do not differ in age by more than 12 months.
b. They have the same socioeconomic and cultural background.
c. They are the same sex.
d. They have equal status within the group. Correct Answers d.
They have equal status within the group.
According to Eccles and colleagues, what factor increases the
likelihood that a young adolescent's transition from elementary
school to middle school will be difficult?
a. The school emphasizes intergroup competition.
b. Sibling rivalries at home are intense.
c. Teachers consistently apply authoritarian discipline.
d. The student's needs poorly match the school environment.
Correct Answers d. The student's needs poorly match the school
environment.
,According to Howes and Matheson, what form of play are
children engaging in when they act out complementary roles, but
without planning the meaning of these roles?
a. cooperative social pretend
b. complex social pretend
c. simple pretend
d. complementary and reciprocal Correct Answers a.
cooperative social pretend
According to Howes and Matheson, what form of play are
children engaging in when they display action-based role
reversals in social games?
a. cooperative social pretend
b. complex social pretend
c. complementary and reciprocal
d. simple pretend Correct Answers c. complementary and
reciprocal
According to most developmentalists, what is the effect of
interactions between children of different ages?
a. It is detrimental because of the asymmetry of status,
particularly for the younger child.
b. It is stressful for most children and therefore avoided.
c. It increases prosocial and leadership skills in older children,
and helps younger ones to learn when to seek assistance.
d. It adds little because the experiences are redundant with
sibling interactions. Correct Answers c. It increases prosocial
and leadership skills in older children, and helps younger ones to
learn when to seek assistance.
,According to Parten, when children play side by side and do not
try to influence the behaviour of each other, which form of play
are they engaging in?
a. simple pretend
b. parallel
c. associative
d. onlooker Correct Answers b. parallel
According to Parten, when children share toys and swap
materials, but do not cooperate to achieve shared goals, which
form of play are they engaging in?
a. associative
b. simple pretend
c. parallel
d. onlooker Correct Answers a. associative
According to recent research, which statement best summarizes
the conclusions regarding the overall effect on developing
children of introducing computers into the classroom?
a. Computer-assisted learning fosters creativity and the
development of metacognitive skills.
b. Heavy computer usage promotes isolation and disrupts peer
relations, regardless of where it takes place.
c. Children who are initially fascinated with the use of
computers for academic subjects quickly become bored without
the social atmosphere of the typical classroom.
d. Children who use computers for learning most frequently are
also more likely to have social adjustment problems. Correct
Answers a. Computer-assisted learning fosters creativity and
the development of metacognitive skills.
, According to research evidence, what characteristic of the
school would most likely lead to poor outcomes for inclusive
mainstreaming of children with special needs?
a. ability tracking
b. aptitude-treatment interaction
c. minimized class sizes
d. informal curriculum Correct Answers a. ability tracking
According to research evidence, what is most effective in
promoting academic achievement among underachieving
minority students?
a. Directly teach children and parents the importance of learning
about the language and culture of the majority.
b. Routinely pass underachieving children during the elementary
years so that they will not get discouraged and drop out of
school.
c. Place underachieving children in the lower-ability track so
that they will be challenged at their level and not be frustrated.
d. Encourage parents to become active participants in their
child's academic and other school-related activities. Correct
Answers d. Encourage parents to become active participants in
their child's academic and other school-related activities.
According to research literature, which characteristic is most
predictive of effective schooling?
a. prompt enforcement of rules by the classroom teacher
b. comprehensive use of ability tracking
c. a high level of financial support for the school
d. small class size Correct Answers a. prompt enforcement of
rules by the classroom teacher
According to current research evidence, what is the impact of
educational programs on promoting prosocial behaviours?
a. They have little impact, either in the short or long term.
b. They have minor impact in the short term, and then only when
an adult is present during viewing.
c. They have a marked positive impact in both the short term
and long term.
d. They have a positive impact in the long term, but only when
an adult encourages the child to use the information. Correct
Answers d. They have a positive impact in the long term, but
only when an adult encourages the child to use the information.
According to current research, what is the key characteristic of
the children who form a peer group?
a. They do not differ in age by more than 12 months.
b. They have the same socioeconomic and cultural background.
c. They are the same sex.
d. They have equal status within the group. Correct Answers d.
They have equal status within the group.
According to Eccles and colleagues, what factor increases the
likelihood that a young adolescent's transition from elementary
school to middle school will be difficult?
a. The school emphasizes intergroup competition.
b. Sibling rivalries at home are intense.
c. Teachers consistently apply authoritarian discipline.
d. The student's needs poorly match the school environment.
Correct Answers d. The student's needs poorly match the school
environment.
,According to Howes and Matheson, what form of play are
children engaging in when they act out complementary roles, but
without planning the meaning of these roles?
a. cooperative social pretend
b. complex social pretend
c. simple pretend
d. complementary and reciprocal Correct Answers a.
cooperative social pretend
According to Howes and Matheson, what form of play are
children engaging in when they display action-based role
reversals in social games?
a. cooperative social pretend
b. complex social pretend
c. complementary and reciprocal
d. simple pretend Correct Answers c. complementary and
reciprocal
According to most developmentalists, what is the effect of
interactions between children of different ages?
a. It is detrimental because of the asymmetry of status,
particularly for the younger child.
b. It is stressful for most children and therefore avoided.
c. It increases prosocial and leadership skills in older children,
and helps younger ones to learn when to seek assistance.
d. It adds little because the experiences are redundant with
sibling interactions. Correct Answers c. It increases prosocial
and leadership skills in older children, and helps younger ones to
learn when to seek assistance.
,According to Parten, when children play side by side and do not
try to influence the behaviour of each other, which form of play
are they engaging in?
a. simple pretend
b. parallel
c. associative
d. onlooker Correct Answers b. parallel
According to Parten, when children share toys and swap
materials, but do not cooperate to achieve shared goals, which
form of play are they engaging in?
a. associative
b. simple pretend
c. parallel
d. onlooker Correct Answers a. associative
According to recent research, which statement best summarizes
the conclusions regarding the overall effect on developing
children of introducing computers into the classroom?
a. Computer-assisted learning fosters creativity and the
development of metacognitive skills.
b. Heavy computer usage promotes isolation and disrupts peer
relations, regardless of where it takes place.
c. Children who are initially fascinated with the use of
computers for academic subjects quickly become bored without
the social atmosphere of the typical classroom.
d. Children who use computers for learning most frequently are
also more likely to have social adjustment problems. Correct
Answers a. Computer-assisted learning fosters creativity and
the development of metacognitive skills.
, According to research evidence, what characteristic of the
school would most likely lead to poor outcomes for inclusive
mainstreaming of children with special needs?
a. ability tracking
b. aptitude-treatment interaction
c. minimized class sizes
d. informal curriculum Correct Answers a. ability tracking
According to research evidence, what is most effective in
promoting academic achievement among underachieving
minority students?
a. Directly teach children and parents the importance of learning
about the language and culture of the majority.
b. Routinely pass underachieving children during the elementary
years so that they will not get discouraged and drop out of
school.
c. Place underachieving children in the lower-ability track so
that they will be challenged at their level and not be frustrated.
d. Encourage parents to become active participants in their
child's academic and other school-related activities. Correct
Answers d. Encourage parents to become active participants in
their child's academic and other school-related activities.
According to research literature, which characteristic is most
predictive of effective schooling?
a. prompt enforcement of rules by the classroom teacher
b. comprehensive use of ability tracking
c. a high level of financial support for the school
d. small class size Correct Answers a. prompt enforcement of
rules by the classroom teacher
