NR283-PATHO FINAL EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
what are some examples of the first line of defense -Correct Answer-nonspecific defense, mechanical
barrier, unbroken skin and mucous membrane, secretions such as gastric juice and tears
What is a part of the specific defense system -Correct Answer-T-cells
what is specific defense (adaptive) -Correct Answer-uniquely tailored responses to specific pathogens
based on antigen identifications
What is nonspecific defense(innate)? -Correct Answer-response is the same to any challenge
encountered
Resolvins -Correct Answer-inflammatory response to stay longer
What is the chance percentage of children who will get Marfan's Syndrome? -Correct Answer-50%- it is
autosomal dominant
Examples of Autosomal Recessive Disorders -Correct Answer-cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, tay sachs
Down syndrome -Correct Answer-it is a triple in the 21st chromosome, it is a chromosomal disorder, also
called trisomy
Examples of Autosomal Dominant Disorders -Correct Answer-Huntington chorea, marfan syndrom,
polycystic kidney disease
X-linked dominant -Correct Answer-fragile x syndrome
X-linked recessive -Correct Answer-only affects males, hemophilia A, colorblindness, buchene muscular
dystrophy
,What occurs when one is born with only 1 X chromosome -Correct Answer-Monosomy X AKA turner
syndrome
what type of disease is sickle cell anemia -Correct Answer-autosomal recessive
Characteristics of down syndrome -Correct Answer-Small head, round face, flat facial profile.
Slanted eyes and epicanthic fold.
Large tongue, high-arched palate.
Small hands, single palmar crease.
Short stature, wide nose
Muscles tend to be hypotonic, loose joints.
Delayed developmental stages.
Cognitive impairment ranges from mild to major.
Delayed or incomplete sexual development.
Males infertile.
Females have lower rate of conception.
What is a macule -Correct Answer-a flat lesion that differs in color from surrounding skin (<1 cm in
diameter)
what is urticaria -Correct Answer-hives d/t allergic reaction. Raised welts
What causes painful blisters along the spinal nerve root, also burning -Correct Answer-shingles
example of an autoimmune disorder -Correct Answer-lupus
What are the different stages of pressure ulcers -Correct Answer-1.) Change in skin color 2.) damage to
the top layer of skin 3.) deep damage and goes down to the adipose layer 4.) Severe damage down to
the muscle and the bone
, Cells vary in size and shape -Correct Answer-dysplasia
Differeent mitotic cells that are at different mature stages... resp tract of smoker -Correct Answer-
Metaplasia
Finding in a papsmear that usually indicates cancer -Correct Answer-dysplasia
What is an increase in the size of the cells -Correct Answer-hypertrophy
what is an increase in the number of cells -Correct Answer-hyperplasia
What is tertiary prevention -Correct Answer-Rehabilitative therapies and monitoring of health to prevent
complications or further illness, injury, or disability
Best ways to cope with stress -Correct Answer-meditation, rest, healthy diet, exercise, music, deep
breathing
Complications of chronic stress -Correct Answer-hypertension, hyperglycemia, depression, heart disease,
weak immune system, type II diabetes
What is it called when colon cancer spreads to liver -Correct Answer-metastasis
Active vs Passive Immunity -Correct Answer-Active = individual has memory cells - can make their own
antibodies & provides long term immunity
Passive = person given antibodies, these work then die, no long term immunity, no memory cells.
Natural Active Immunity -Correct Answer-production of one's own antibodies or T cells as a result of
infection or natural exposure to antigen
Natural Passive Immunity -Correct Answer-acquired by a child through placenta and breast milk
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
what are some examples of the first line of defense -Correct Answer-nonspecific defense, mechanical
barrier, unbroken skin and mucous membrane, secretions such as gastric juice and tears
What is a part of the specific defense system -Correct Answer-T-cells
what is specific defense (adaptive) -Correct Answer-uniquely tailored responses to specific pathogens
based on antigen identifications
What is nonspecific defense(innate)? -Correct Answer-response is the same to any challenge
encountered
Resolvins -Correct Answer-inflammatory response to stay longer
What is the chance percentage of children who will get Marfan's Syndrome? -Correct Answer-50%- it is
autosomal dominant
Examples of Autosomal Recessive Disorders -Correct Answer-cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, tay sachs
Down syndrome -Correct Answer-it is a triple in the 21st chromosome, it is a chromosomal disorder, also
called trisomy
Examples of Autosomal Dominant Disorders -Correct Answer-Huntington chorea, marfan syndrom,
polycystic kidney disease
X-linked dominant -Correct Answer-fragile x syndrome
X-linked recessive -Correct Answer-only affects males, hemophilia A, colorblindness, buchene muscular
dystrophy
,What occurs when one is born with only 1 X chromosome -Correct Answer-Monosomy X AKA turner
syndrome
what type of disease is sickle cell anemia -Correct Answer-autosomal recessive
Characteristics of down syndrome -Correct Answer-Small head, round face, flat facial profile.
Slanted eyes and epicanthic fold.
Large tongue, high-arched palate.
Small hands, single palmar crease.
Short stature, wide nose
Muscles tend to be hypotonic, loose joints.
Delayed developmental stages.
Cognitive impairment ranges from mild to major.
Delayed or incomplete sexual development.
Males infertile.
Females have lower rate of conception.
What is a macule -Correct Answer-a flat lesion that differs in color from surrounding skin (<1 cm in
diameter)
what is urticaria -Correct Answer-hives d/t allergic reaction. Raised welts
What causes painful blisters along the spinal nerve root, also burning -Correct Answer-shingles
example of an autoimmune disorder -Correct Answer-lupus
What are the different stages of pressure ulcers -Correct Answer-1.) Change in skin color 2.) damage to
the top layer of skin 3.) deep damage and goes down to the adipose layer 4.) Severe damage down to
the muscle and the bone
, Cells vary in size and shape -Correct Answer-dysplasia
Differeent mitotic cells that are at different mature stages... resp tract of smoker -Correct Answer-
Metaplasia
Finding in a papsmear that usually indicates cancer -Correct Answer-dysplasia
What is an increase in the size of the cells -Correct Answer-hypertrophy
what is an increase in the number of cells -Correct Answer-hyperplasia
What is tertiary prevention -Correct Answer-Rehabilitative therapies and monitoring of health to prevent
complications or further illness, injury, or disability
Best ways to cope with stress -Correct Answer-meditation, rest, healthy diet, exercise, music, deep
breathing
Complications of chronic stress -Correct Answer-hypertension, hyperglycemia, depression, heart disease,
weak immune system, type II diabetes
What is it called when colon cancer spreads to liver -Correct Answer-metastasis
Active vs Passive Immunity -Correct Answer-Active = individual has memory cells - can make their own
antibodies & provides long term immunity
Passive = person given antibodies, these work then die, no long term immunity, no memory cells.
Natural Active Immunity -Correct Answer-production of one's own antibodies or T cells as a result of
infection or natural exposure to antigen
Natural Passive Immunity -Correct Answer-acquired by a child through placenta and breast milk
